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  • 1
    In: Canadian Journal of Diabetes, Elsevier BV, Vol. 43, No. 7 ( 2019-10), p. 524-529.e2
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1499-2671
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2252861-1
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  • 2
    In: African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, African Traditional Herbal Medicine Supporters Initiative (ATHMSI), Vol. 14, No. 4S ( 2017-07-07), p. 59-65
    Abstract: Background: Whole body vibration exercises (WBVE) improve the quality of life (QoL) of different populations. Metabolic syndrome patients (MetS) may be favored by physical activity. Questionnaires are used to assess the QoL. The aim was to evaluate the QoL of patients with MetS that have undergone WBVE with a brief WHOQOL (WHOQOL-BREF). Material and Methods: MetS patients were randomly divided into three groups: (i) control group (CG), (ii) treated with WBVE once per week (WBVE1) and (iii) treated with WBVE twice per week (WBVE2). In the first session, the patient was sat in a chair in front of the platform with the feet on its base in 3 peak to peak displacements (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mm) and frequency of 5 Hz was used. From the second to the last session, patients were subjected to the same protocol, however they were standing on the base of the platform and the frequency was increased up to 14 Hz. The patients fulfilled the WHOQOL-BREF before the first and after the last sessions. Cronbach coefficients were determined to each domain of the WHOQOL-BREF and test Wilcoxon (p
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2505-0044 , 0189-6016
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: African Traditional Herbal Medicine Supporters Initiative (ATHMSI)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2193092-2
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  • 3
    In: Gerontology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 66, No. 5 ( 2020), p. 447-459
    Abstract: Atherosclerosis – the pathophysiological mechanism shared by most cardiovascular diseases – can be directly or indirectly assessed by a variety of clinical tests including measurement of carotid intima-media thickness, carotid plaque, ­ankle-brachial index, pulse wave velocity, and coronary ­artery calcium. The Prospective Studies of Atherosclerosis ­(Proof-ATHERO) consortium (https://clinicalepi.i-med.ac.at/research/proof-athero/) collates de-identified individual-participant data of studies with information on atherosclerosis measures, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and incidence of cardiovascular diseases. It currently comprises 74 studies that involve 106,846 participants from 25 countries and over 40 cities. In summary, 21 studies recruited participants from the general population ( 〈 i 〉 n 〈 /i 〉 = 67,784), 16 from high-risk populations ( 〈 i 〉 n 〈 /i 〉 = 22,677), and 37 as part of clinical trials ( 〈 i 〉 n 〈 /i 〉 = 16,385). Baseline years of contributing studies range from April 1980 to July 2014; the latest follow-up was until June 2019. Mean age at baseline was 59 years (standard deviation: 10) and 50% were female. Over a total of 830,619 person-years of follow-up, 17,270 incident cardiovascular events (including coronary heart disease and stroke) and 13,270 deaths were recorded, corresponding to cumulative incidences of 2.1% and 1.6% per annum, respectively. The consortium is coordinated by the Clinical Epidemiology Team at the Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria. Contributing studies undergo a detailed data cleaning and harmonisation procedure before being incorporated in the Proof-ATHERO central database. Statistical analyses are being conducted according to pre-defined analysis plans and use established methods for individual-participant data meta-analysis. Capitalising on its large sample size, the multi-institutional collaborative Proof-ATHERO consortium aims to better characterise, understand, and predict the development of atherosclerosis and its clinical consequences.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0304-324X , 1423-0003
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482689-6
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Universidade de Estado do Rio de Janeiro ; 2015
    In:  Revista Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2015-03-31)
    In: Revista Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Universidade de Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2015-03-31)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1983-2567 , 1676-8280
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universidade de Estado do Rio de Janeiro
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2906212-3
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  • 5
    In: European Heart Journal Supplements, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 22, No. Supplement_H ( 2020-08-01), p. H26-H29
    Abstract: Hypertension is a pathology of high prevalence in the world. In Brazil, it is the main risk factor for the major cause of death in the country, coronary heart disease. The May Measurement Month Campaign in 2018 (MMM18) included a population with representation from all Brazilian states and reflects some of the characteristics of hypertension in Brazil. Questionnaire data were collected and three measures of blood pressure (BP) were performed. The sample consisted of 12 413 individuals, 59.1% were white, 51.3% were women. The average age was 54. ± 16.0 years. Diabetes was present in 11.6%, previous myocardial infarction in 5.9%, and previous stroke in 2.7%. Current smokers were 9.3% and 12.4% were regular drinkers. The average body mass index was 27.3 ± 4.5 kg/m2. After multiple imputations, 67.9% were hypertensive ( & gt;140/90 mmHg). Of the individuals who were not taking antihypertensive medication, 27.9% were hypertensive and of those taking antihypertensive medication, 40.3% were uncontrolled. Systolic BP increased with age. The MMM18 campaign demonstrated a large number of unknown hypertensives and a high rate of uncontrolled hypertension in Brazil, unfortunately in keeping with 2017 findings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1520-765X , 1554-2815
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2141255-8
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  • 6
    In: Hypertension, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 60, No. suppl_1 ( 2012-09)
    Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the behavior of BP and endothelial function after spironolactone or clonidine, associated with optimized antihypertensive treatment in patients with resistant hypertension (PRH). Methods: Prospective and randomized study, visits every 4 weeks. VISIT (V) 0: Inclusion of patients with BP 〉 160/100mmHg and 〈 220mmHg. They receive chlorthalidone 25mg/day and Enalapril 40mg/day or Losartan 100mg/day. V1: If BP 〉 140/90 amlodipine was added 5mg/day. Laboratory evaluation (LE), plasma renin and aldosterone and 20 min ECG, ABPM. V2: If BP 〉 140/90 amlodipine titrated to 10mg/day. V3 (Randomization): ABPM, LE and assessment of endothelial function. If BP 〉 140/90 and/or 24h ABPM 〉 130/80 patients received spironolactone 12.5mg/day or clonidine 0.200mg/day. V4 and V5 (PRH): titration of clonidine (0.200mg to 0.600mg) or spironolactone (12.5mg to 50mg). V6: The same evaluation of V3. Patients with controlled BP in V3 have maintained their medication in V4, V5 and V6 and undergo the same tests that PRH. BP and ABPM was assessed by an automatic device; endothelial function by tonometry arteriolar peripheral (PAT) with Endo-PAT2000 ® and biomarkers (I-CAM, V-CAM, E-sel, PCR); plasma renin and aldosterone by RIA. Results: So far the study evaluated 46 patients where 28 patients had controlled BP and 13 remained resistant. In the spironolactone group the 24h-BP behavior, assessed by ABPM was SBP (V1) 162,8±7,9 and (V6) 124,3±3,7 (p 〈 0,05), DBP (V1) 99,7±5,1 and (V6) 78,2±6,3 (p 〈 0,05); while in the clonidine group SBP (V1) 158,8±11,7 and (V6) 134±19 (p 〈 0,05), DBP (V1) 92±8,4 and (V6) 87,5±13,5 (p 〈 0,05). In the controlled BP group SBP (V1) 134,4±2,7 and (V6) 124,3±3,1 (p 〈 0,05), DBP (V1) 85,2±1,7 and (V6) 78,5±2,5 (p 〈 0,05). The reactive hyperemia index (RHI) determined by the PAT in the spirolactone group was V3: 1,83 ± 0,13 and V6: 1,84 ± 0,2; clonidine group V3: 1,72 ± 0,22 and V6: 1,9 ± 0,6 and controlled BP group V3: 1,87 ± 0,08 and V6: 2,0 ± 0,12. Conclusion: Despite the statistically significant reduction of BP with spironolactone and clonidine, it seems that the improvement in endothelial function has been most pronounced in the clonidine group, although without statistical relevance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0194-911X , 1524-4563
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094210-2
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  • 7
    In: Hypertension, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 68, No. suppl_1 ( 2016-09)
    Abstract: Objective: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists reduce blood pressure (BP) and vascular injury in hypertensive rodents. Pparγ inactivation in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) using a tamoxifen inducible Cre-Lox system enhanced angiotensin II-induced vascular damage. Transgenic mice overexpressing endothelin (ET)-1 in the endothelium (eET-1) exhibit endothelial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress and inflammation. We hypothesized that inactivation of the Ppar gene in VSMC (sm Pparγ -/- ) would exaggerate ET-1-induced vascular damage. Methods and Results: Eleven-week-old male control, eET-1, sm Pparγ -/- and eET-1/sm Pparγ -/- mice were treated with tamoxifen (1 mg/kg/day, s.c.) for 5 days and sacrificed 4 weeks later. Systolic BP determined by telemetry was higher in eET-1 (123±5 vs 109±2 mm Hg, P 〈 0.05) and unaffected by sm Pparγ inactivation. Mesenteric artery (MA) vasorelaxation to acetylcholine was impaired only in sm Pparγ -/- (E max : 52.0±6.7 vs 82.2±4.9%, P 〈 0.05). MA reactive oxygen species levels were increased 1.7±0.3-fold in sm Pparγ -/- ( P 〈 0.05) and further increased in eET-1/sm Pparγ -/- (2.5±0.3-fold, P 〈 0.05). MA perivascular fat monocyte/macrophage infiltration was higher in eET-1 and sm Pparγ -/- (331±34 and 326±49 vs 140±8 cells/mm 2 , P 〈 0.05), and further increased in eET-1/sm Pparγ -/- (557±77, P 〈 0.05). The spleen fraction of CD11b + cells was increased in sm Pparγ -/- (1.1±0.1 vs 0.47±0.1%, P 〈 0.05) and further increased in eET-1/sm Pparγ -/- (1.8±0.2%, P 〈 0.05). The spleen fraction of Ly-6C hi monocytes was increased in eET-1 and sm Pparγ -/- (24±3 and 27±4 vs 14±1%, P 〈 0.05) but not in eET-1/sm Pparγ -/- . The spleen fraction of T regulatory cells was increased in sm Pparγ -/- (13±2 vs 9±1%, P 〈 0.05) and decreased in eET-1 (7±1%, P 〈 0.05), which was further decreased by eET-1/sm Pparγ -/- (3±1%, P 〈 0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that increased ET-1 paradoxically preserves endothelial function in mice with inactivated VSMC Pparγ despite enhanced oxidative stress. Flow cytometry data indicate that infiltrating monocyte/macrophages in these mice might be anti-inflammatory.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0194-911X , 1524-4563
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094210-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2014
    In:  Hypertension Vol. 64, No. suppl_1 ( 2014-09)
    In: Hypertension, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 64, No. suppl_1 ( 2014-09)
    Abstract: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of insulin resistance, hypertension and aging on cardiac fibrosis and intramyocardial arteries (IMA). Twenty eight male rats were divided into four groups: control (CON), insulin resistance induced by monosodium glutamate (MSG) administered in neonatal period, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), middle-aged rats (MAR). The first three groups were 22 weeks-old and the older group was 30 weeks-old. The heart was fixed and stained with picro Sirius red to evaluate myocardial collagen density. The lumen diameter, media thickness and media cross- sectional area (CSA) of the IMA were measured with the Image Pro Plus image analysis software. The Lee index was slightly increased in MSG group. The systolic blood pressure was significantly elevated in SHR group (CON 113±2, MSG 122±3, SHR 202±3, MAR 115±3 mmHg). The diameter of the IMA was significantly smaller in SHR (29.8±2.4 μm, p 〈 0.01) vs MAR (35.3±2.2 μm), CON (34.0±2.3 μm) and MSG (34.7±2.4 μm). The media-to-lumen ratio was 29.5 ± 1.2% in CON, 39.8 ± 1.3% in MSG, 30.3 ± 0.6% in MAR and 46.5 ± 4.0% in SHR (P 〈 0.001 vs CON/ MAR, P 〈 0.01 vs MSG). The CSA of IMA was significantly increased in SHR and MSG compared to CON showing growing index of 38.5 and 33.0%, respectively. Interstitial subendocardial collagen density of the left ventricle was 2.8±.0.3% in CON, 3.1±.0.7% in SHR, 2.6±0.6 in MAR and 4.0±.0.8% in MSG (P 〈 0.05 vs SRH, P 〈 0.01 vs CON and MAR).The perivascular collagen density was greater in MSG group (48.4±.2.3%, p 〈 0.001 vs other groups) but was also significantly increased in SHR (42.6±.2.3%) and MAR (36.4±1.4 %) groups compared to CON (29.8±.3.0%, p 〈 0.01). In conclusion, hypertrophic vascular remodeling was more associated to hypertension while cardiac fibrosis was more observed when insulin resistance and obesity were present. There were no significant cardiovascular changes in older animals without hypertension and insulin resistance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0194-911X , 1524-4563
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094210-2
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  • 9
    In: Hypertension, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 70, No. suppl_1 ( 2017-09)
    Abstract: Introduction: NADPH oxidase (NOX) 1 but not NOX4-dependent oxidative stress plays a role in diabetic vascular disease, including atherosclerosis. Endothelin (ET)-1 has been implicated in diabetes-induced vascular complications. We showed that crossing mice overexpressing ET-1 selectively in endothelium (eET-1) with apolipoprotein E knockout ( Apoe -/- ) mice exaggerated high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in part by increasing oxidative stress. We hypothesized that ET-1 overexpression in the endothelium would exaggerate diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis through a mechanism involving NOX1 but not NOX4. Methods: Six-week-old male Apoe -/- mice, eET-1/ Apoe -/- and eET-1/ Apoe -/- mice deficient in Nox1 (eET-1/ Apoe -/- / Nox1 y/- ) or Nox4 (eET-1/ Apoe -/- / Nox4 -/- ) were rendered diabetic with 55 mg/kg/day streptozotocin (STZ) IP for 5 days and studied 14 weeks later. Aortic atherosclerotic lesions were quantified using Oil Red O staining. Monocyte/macrophage infiltration and alpha-smooth muscle actin area were determined by immunofluorescence in aortic atherosclerotic lesions. Plasma cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides were measured. Results: ET-1 overexpression exaggerated 2.5-fold the atherosclerotic lesion area of the aortic sinus in diabetic Apoe -/- mice (plaque area [x10 5 μm 2 ]: 5.3±0.2 vs 2.1±0.4, P 〈 0.05), which was reduced ~35% by Nox1 (3.5±0.4 x10 5 μm 2 , P 〈 0.05) but not Nox4 knockout (5.0±0.7 x10 5 μm 2 ). Monocyte/macrophage infiltration was reduced ~30% in diabetic eET-1/ Apoe -/- and eET-1/ Apoe -/- / Nox4 -/- mice (31±1 and 35±2 vs 48±5% of lesion area, P 〈 0.05) but not eET-1/ Apoe -/- / Nox1 y/- mice (35±2%). ET-1 overexpression decreased alpha-smooth muscle actin content by ~35% (9±1 vs 14±2% of lesion area, P 〈 0.05), which was blunted by Nox1 (15±2%, P 〈 0.05) but not Nox4 knockout (9±1%). Plasma triglycerides were unaffected by ET-1 overexpression (3.4±0.3 vs 3.6±0.5 mmol/L) but reduced by Nox1 and Nox4 knockout (2.2±0.4 and 1.8±0.4 mmol/L, P 〈 0.05). Plasma HDL and cholesterol were similar between groups. Conclusions: Endothelium ET-1 overexpression exaggerates diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis and reduces plaque stability through NOX1.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0194-911X , 1524-4563
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094210-2
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  • 10
    In: Hypertension, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 68, No. suppl_1 ( 2016-09)
    Abstract: Objective: NADPH oxidase (NOX) 1 but not NOX4-dependent oxidative stress plays a role in diabetic vascular disease, including atherosclerosis. Endothelin (ET)-1 has been implicated in diabetes-induced vascular complications. We showed that crossing mice overexpressing ET-1 selectively in endothelium (eET-1) with apolipoprotein E knockout ( Apoe -/- ) mice exaggerated high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in part by increasing oxidative stress. We hypothesized that ET-1 overexpression in the endothelium would exaggerate diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis through a mechanism involving NOX1 but not NOX4. Methods: Six-week-old male Apoe -/- mice, eET-1/ Apoe -/- and eET-1/ Apoe -/- mice deficient in Nox1 (eET-1/ Apoe -/- / Nox1 y/- ) or Nox4 (eET-1/ Apoe -/- / Nox4 -/- ) were rendered diabetic with 55 mg/kg/day streptozotocin (STZ) IP injections for 5 days and studied 14 weeks later. Endothelial function and vascular remodeling were assessed in mesenteric arteries (MA) using pressurized myography. Aortic atherosclerotic lesions were quantified using Oil Red O staining. Plasma cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides were measured. Results: Diabetic Apoe -/- mice presented an impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatory response to acetylcholine, which was not observed in diabetic eET-1/ Apoe -/- , eET-1/ Apoe -/- / Nox1 y/- or eET-1/ Apoe -/- / Nox4 -/- mice (E max : 20±6 vs 99±1, 98±1 and 100±0%). ET-1 overexpression caused a 1.8-fold increase in MA media/lumen of diabetic Apoe -/- mice (5.3±0.3 vs 2.9±0.2%), which was further increased 1.2-fold by Nox4 (6.4±0.3%) but not Nox1 knockout (5.5±0.3%). ET-1 overexpression exaggerated 〉 2-fold the atherosclerotic lesion area in the aortic sinus in diabetic Apoe -/- mice (plaque area [x10 5 μm 2 ]: 5.3±0.5 vs 2.9±0.6), which was reduced ~40% by Nox1 and Nox4 knockout (plaque area [x10 5 μm 2 ]: 3.3±0.6 and 3.6±0.6). Plasma triglycerides were unaffected by ET-1 overexpression but reduced by Nox1 (2.2±0.4 vs 3.4±0.3 mmol/L) and Nox4 knockout (1.8±0.4 mmol/L). Plasma HDL and cholesterol were similar between groups. Conclusions: Increased levels of ET-1 exaggerate diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis through NOX1 and NOX4, despite paradoxically improving endothelium-dependent relaxation in small arteries.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0194-911X , 1524-4563
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094210-2
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