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  • 1
    In: Chromatographia, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 78, No. 5-6 ( 2015-3), p. 429-434
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-5893 , 1612-1112
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2015
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 80097-1
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  • 2
    In: EMBO Molecular Medicine, EMBO, Vol. 7, No. 11 ( 2015-11), p. 1450-1464
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1757-4676 , 1757-4684
    Language: English
    Publisher: EMBO
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2485479-7
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  • 3
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2020-01-14), p. 201-
    Abstract: Inhibiting the interaction of menin with the histone methyltransferase MLL1 (KMT2A) has recently emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy. Beneficial therapeutic effects have been postulated in leukemia, prostate, breast, liver and in synovial sarcoma models. In those indications, MLL1 recruitment by menin was described to critically regulate the expression of disease associated genes. However, most findings so far rely on single study reports. Here we independently evaluated the pathogenic functions of the menin-MLL interaction in a large set of different cancer models with a potent and selective probe inhibitor BAY-155. We characterized the inhibition of the menin-MLL interaction for anti-proliferation, gene transcription effects, and for efficacy in several in vivo xenografted tumor models. We found a specific therapeutic activity of BAY-155 primarily in AML/ALL models. In solid tumors, we observed anti-proliferative effects of BAY-155 in a surprisingly limited fraction of cell line models. These findings were further validated in vivo. Overall, our study using a novel, highly selective and potent inhibitor, shows that the menin-MLL interaction is not essential for the survival of most solid cancer models. We can confirm that disrupting the menin-MLL complex has a selective therapeutic benefit in MLL-fused leukemia. In solid cancers, effects are restricted to single models and more limited than previously claimed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 4
    In: Molecular Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 18, No. 8_Supplement ( 2020-08-01), p. A29-A29
    Abstract: Aberrant activation of the Hippo pathway effectors YAP1/TAZ promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. To identify novel regulators of YAP1/TAZ in cancer, we established a FACS-based screening system monitoring YAP1/TAZ activity in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Using these cells, we performed pooled genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout and CRISPR activation/interference (a/i) screens. The list of hits included previously known YAP1/TAZ modulators such as LATS2, AJUBA, and TAZ itself, demonstrating the robustness of the screen. Moreover, we identified about 30 novel candidate genes with potential inhibitory activity on YAP1/TAZ and about 50 candidate genes that may play a role in YAP1/TAZ activation. These genes represent diverse cellular functions such as regulation of actin cytoskeleton, integrin signaling, and ER protein processing, among others. Modulation of endogenous YAP1/TAZ target genes was assessed by individual gene knockout using crRNAs. Functional characterization of the novel potential YAP1/TAZ modulators will aid to the further understanding of YAP1/TAZ biology in health and disease. Citation Format: Jan Naujoks, Lisette Potze, Julia Kuehnlenz, Atanas Kamburov, Ekaterina Nevedomskaya, Andreas Steffen, Claudia Luther, Anna Anurin, Anne Buttgereit, Stefan Prechtl, Benjamin Bader, Ralf Lesche, Peter Staller, Martin Lange, Barbara Nicke. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screens for the identification of novel YAP1/TAZ modulators [abstract] . In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Hippo Pathway: Signaling, Cancer, and Beyond; 2019 May 8-11; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2020;18(8_Suppl):Abstract nr A29.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1541-7786 , 1557-3125
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2020
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    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2015
    In:  Cancer Research Vol. 75, No. 15_Supplement ( 2015-08-01), p. 5075-5075
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 75, No. 15_Supplement ( 2015-08-01), p. 5075-5075
    Abstract: Background: Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease both genetically and in its clinical behavior. It is widely accepted that a tumor does not only consist of cancer cells but also contains many other non-malignant cells, including immune cells and cancer associated fibroblasts. These non-malignant cells create the tumor microenvironment. It is previously suggested that the tumor microenvironment modulates the behavior of various cancers, including prostate cancer. Little is known about the exact interactions between prostate cancer cells and its micro environment. In this study we aim to gain insight into the composition of the microenvironment and the interaction between malignant and non-malignant cells. Moreover, these interactions might hold a predictive signature for disease progression and metastatic disease. Methods: Biopsies were obtained from Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) human prostate cancers from 10 patients with pelvic lymph node metastases and 10 gleason score (7-8-9) matched patients with non-metastatic disease. RNA was isolated from the FFPE samples and sequenced. A tissue micro array was constructed from the same prostate cancers. Fresh prostate cancer biopsies were taken right after radical prostatectomy, and fibroblast cells were isolated for short term culture. Results: The RNA sequencing of FFPE prostate biopsies revealed an increased expression of cancer related stroma genes in tumor tissue compared to non-tumorous tissue. Presence of various cell types was confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The subtypes of various immune cell populations could be identified, including regulatory T cells and pro-tumorous M2-like macrophages. The percentage of M2-like macrophages identified by the CD163 marker showed a significant increase in tumor tissue compared to non-tumorous tissue, which was unique for patients with metastatic disease. Furthermore we could confirm that decreased stromal Androgen Receptor (AR) expression correlated with disease progression and also correlated with metastatic disease. To investigate which stromal cells were AR positive we performed double stainings of PDGFR beta and AR. Costaining of both markers confirmed AR expression in fibroblasts. The stromal cells cultured from the fresh prostate cancer biopsies were morphologically fibroblasts and expressed AR, Smooth Muscle Actin and PDGFR beta, suggesting a cancer associated phenotype. Testosterone stimulation of these fibroblasts showed increased chromatin binding of the AR. This suggests that the AR is functional in these cancer associated fibroblasts. Conclusions: This study gained insight into the composition of the prostate cancer microenvironment. The increased expression of CD163 and the decreased expression of stromal AR was related to pelvic lymph node metastases. Citation Format: Monique Melis, Bianca Cioni, Ekaterina Nevedomskaya, Johan van Burgsteden, Emma Hodel, Annegien Broeks, Henk van der Poel, Jeroen de Jong, Andre Bergman. The composition and interactions in the microenvironment of human prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5075. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5075
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-5472 , 1538-7445
    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 6
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 76, No. 13 ( 2016-07-01), p. 3773-3784
    Abstract: Tamoxifen, a small-molecule antagonist of the transcription factor estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) used to treat breast cancer, increases risks of endometrial cancer. However, no parallels of ERα transcriptional action in breast and endometrial tumors have been found that might explain this effect. In this study, we addressed this issue with a genome-wide assessment of ERα-chromatin interactions in surgical specimens obtained from patients with tamoxifen-associated endometrial cancer. ERα was found at active enhancers in endometrial cancer cells as marked by the presence of RNA polymerase II and the histone marker H3K27Ac. These ERα binding sites were highly conserved between breast and endometrial cancer and enriched in binding motifs for the transcription factor FOXA1, which displayed substantial overlap with ERα binding sites proximal to genes involved in classical ERα target genes. Multifactorial ChIP-seq data integration from the endometrial cancer cell line Ishikawa illustrated a functional genomic network involving ERα and FOXA1 together with the enhancer-enriched transcriptional regulators p300, FOXM1, TEAD4, FNFIC, CEBP8, and TCF12. Immunohistochemical analysis of 230 primary endometrial tumor specimens showed that lack of FOXA1 and ERα expression was associated with a longer interval between breast cancer and the emergence of endometrial cancer, exclusively in tamoxifen-treated patients. Our results define conserved sites for a genomic interplay between FOXA1 and ERα in breast cancer and tamoxifen-associated endometrial cancer. In addition, FOXA1 and ERα are associated with the interval time between breast cancer and endometrial cancer only in tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patients. Cancer Res; 76(13); 3773–84. ©2016 AACR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-5472 , 1538-7445
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2016
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1432-1
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  • 7
    In: Endocrine-Related Cancer, Bioscientifica, Vol. 27, No. 2 ( 2020-02), p. 67-79
    Abstract: Prostate cancer development and progression is largely dependent on androgen receptor (AR) signaling. AR is a hormone-dependent transcription factor, which binds to thousands of sites throughout the human genome to regulate expression of directly responsive genes, including pro-survival genes that enable tumor cells to cope with increased cellular stress. ERN1 and XBP1 – two key players of the unfolded protein response (UPR) – are among such stress-associated genes. Here, we show that XBP1 levels in primary prostate cancer are associated with biochemical recurrence in five independent cohorts. Patients who received AR-targeted therapies had significantly lower XBP1 expression, whereas expression of the active form of XBP1 (XBP1s) was elevated. In vitro results show that AR-induced ERN1 expression led to increased XBP1s mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, ChIP-seq analysis revealed that XBP1s binds enhancers upon stress stimuli regulating genes involved in UPR processes, eIF2 signaling and protein ubiquitination. We further demonstrate genomic overlap of AR- and XBP1s-binding sites, suggesting genomic conversion of the two signaling cascades. Transcriptomic effects of XBP1 were further studied by knockdown experiments, which lead to decreased expression of androgen-responsive genes and UPR genes. These results suggest a two-step mechanism of gene regulation, which involves androgen-induced expression of ERN1, thereby enhancing XBP1 splicing and transcriptional activity. This signaling cascade may prepare the cells for the increased protein folding, mRNA decay and translation that accompanies AR-regulated tumor cell proliferation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1351-0088 , 1479-6821
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Bioscientifica
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010895-3
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  • 8
    In: Clinical Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 22, No. 2 ( 2016-01-15), p. 479-491
    Abstract: Purpose: The steroid receptor coactivator SRC3 is essential for the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptor α (ERα). SRC3 is sufficient to cause mammary tumorigenesis, and has also been implicated in endocrine resistance. SRC3 is posttranslationally modified by phosphorylation, but these events have not been investigated with regard to functionality or disease association. Here, we investigate the spatial selectivity of SRC3-pS543/DNA binding over the human genome and its expression in primary human breast cancer in relation with outcome. Experimental Design: Chromatin immunoprecipitation, coupled with sequencing, was used to determine the chromatin binding patterns of SRC3-pS543 in the breast cancer cell line MCF7 and two untreated primary breast cancers. IHC was used to assess the expression of SRC3 and SRC3-pS543 in 1,650 primary breast cancers. The relationship between the expression of SRC3 and SRC3-pS543, disease-free survival (DFS), and breast cancer specific survival (BCSS) was assessed. Results: Although total SRC3 is selectively found at enhancer regions, SRC3-pS543 is recruited to promoters of ERα responsive genes, both in the MCF7 cell line and primary breast tumor specimens. SRC3-pS543 was associated with both improved DFS (P = 0.003) and BCSS (P = 0.001) in tamoxifen untreated high-risk patients, such a correlation was not seen in tamoxifen-treated cases, the interaction was statistically significant (P = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed SRC3-pS543 to be an independent prognostic factor. Conclusions: Phosphorylation of SRC3 at S543 affects its genomic interactions on a genome-wide level, where SRC3-pS543 is selectively recruited to promoters of ERα-responsive genes. SRC3-pS543 is a prognostic marker, and a predictive marker of response to endocrine therapy. Clin Cancer Res; 22(2); 479–91. ©2015 AACR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1078-0432 , 1557-3265
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2019
    In:  Cancer Research Vol. 79, No. 13_Supplement ( 2019-07-01), p. 3055-3055
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 79, No. 13_Supplement ( 2019-07-01), p. 3055-3055
    Abstract: Aberrant activation of the Hippo pathway effectors YAP1/TAZ promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. To identify novel regulators of YAP1/TAZ as a possible means to treat cancer, we established a novel, FACS-based screening system monitoring YAP1/TAZ activity in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Using these cells, we performed a pooled genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen. We identified approximately 50 genes potentially activating YAP1/TAZ with functions in the Actin Cytoskeleton signaling, p53 signaling, cell polarity or ER stress, amongst others. Moreover, we identified about 30 potential targets which when knocked out induce activity of YAP1/TAZ. The list of hits included genes known to affect the YAP1/TAZ activity such as AJUBA, LATS2 and TEAD, demonstrating the validity of the screen. Functional validation of the novel potential YAP1/TAZ modulators will aid to the further understanding of YAP1/TAZ biology and may open the door to new therapeutic avenues for targeting YAP1/TAZ in cancer. Citation Format: Jan Naujoks, Lisette Potze, Anna Anurin, Julia Kuehnlenz, Ralf Lesche, Atanas Kamburov, Ekaterina Nevedomskaya, Andreas Steffen, Martin Lange, Barbara Nicke. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen for the identification of novel YAP1/TAZ modulators [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3055.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-5472 , 1538-7445
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2036785-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1432-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 410466-3
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2009
    In:  Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Vol. 395, No. 8 ( 2009-12), p. 2527-2533
    In: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 395, No. 8 ( 2009-12), p. 2527-2533
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1618-2642 , 1618-2650
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1459122-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2071767-2
    SSG: 12
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