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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Excessive iodine in iodized household salt in Nepal
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Vol. 1514, No. 1 ( 2022-08), p. 166-173
    Details
    In: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 1514, No. 1 ( 2022-08), p. 166-173
    Abstract: Iodine is an essential trace element required for the regulation of physiological processes involving the thyroid gland. However, inadequate and excessive intake of iodine are responsible for health problems, such as iodine deficiency disorders, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroiditis, thyroid papillary cancer, and thyrotoxicosis. The Universal Salt Iodization (USI) program has become successful in providing supplemental iodine at the population level globally. Packaging quality, fortification level, and transportation and storage conditions of iodized salt determine the availability of iodine. Previous studies have reported severe health issues caused by excessive iodine intake after the implementation of the USI program. To understand the levels of iodine, we collected 2117 household salt samples from seven districts of Nepal and tested them for iodine content; among them, 98.1% were iodized. Overall median concentration of iodine was 53.9 ppm (range: 43.5–61.4 ppm). The majority (67.2%) of samples had iodine in the range of 45–75 ppm. Approximately 0.9% of samples had inadequate, 13.3% contained adequate, and 83.9% had excessive iodine than the World Health Organization‐recommended value. Iodine content varied among the sampling districts and seasons, to some extent. Our study confirmed that iodized salt is widely used in Nepal and is excessively iodized. Excessive intake of iodine through iodized salt requires further attention by policy makers. The iodine level may need adjustment to address the health impact.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0077-8923 , 1749-6632
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/nyas.v1514.1
    DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14793
    RVK:
    TD 7650
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2834079-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211003-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2071584-5
    SSG: 11
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cellulose‐based micro‐fibrous materials imaged with a home‐built smartphone microscope
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Microscopy Research and Technique Vol. 84, No. 8 ( 2021-08), p. 1794-1801
    Details
    In: Microscopy Research and Technique, Wiley, Vol. 84, No. 8 ( 2021-08), p. 1794-1801
    Abstract: Micro‐fibrous materials are one of the highly explored materials and form a major component of composite materials. In resource‐limited settings, an affordable and easy to implement method that can characterize such material would be important. In this study, we report on a smartphone microscopic system capable of imaging a sample in transmission mode. As a proof of concept, we implemented the method to image handmade paper samples–cellulosic micro‐fibrous material of different thickness. With 1 mm diameter ball lens, individual cellulose fibers, fiber web, and micro‐porous regions were resolved in the samples. Imaging performance of the microscopic system was also compared with a commercial bright field microscope. For thin samples, we found the image quality comparable to commercial system. Also, the diameter of cellulose fiber measured from both methods was found to be similar. We also used the system to image surfaces of a three ply surgical facemask. Finally, we explored the application of the system in the study of chemical induced fiber damage. This study suggested that the smartphone microscope system can be an affordable alternative in imaging thin micro‐fibrous material in resource limited setting.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1059-910X , 1097-0029
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jemt.v84.8
    DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23736
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474912-9
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prostaglandin Induced labor a risk factor for cervical tear
    Nepal Journals Online (JOL) ; 1970
    In:  Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 1970-01-01), p. 14-18
    Details
    In: Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 1970-01-01), p. 14-18
    Abstract: Objective: To determine risk factors associated with cervical tear. Method: Design: Retrospective analysis of obstetric variables in 116 women who had sustained cervical tear. Setting: Obstetric Department of Tribhuwan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Subjects: This study identified 9662 vaginal deliveries over 42 months period from April 2003 to September 2006 from obstetric records. One hundred and sixteen cases who sustained cervical tear were selected and different variables were analyzed. Results: Overall rate of cervical tear was 1.20% (n=116) of which 64.7% (n=75) occurred in primi and 35.3% (n=41) in multipara. It was associated with induced labor in 21.2 % [with dinoprostone gel (cerviprime) 16.4% (n= 17) and misoprostal in 4.8% (n=5) respectively] . Augmentation with oxytocinon (syntocinon) had been done in 51.9% (n=54 cases). Mean age of parturient was 24.3 years and average birth weight of baby was 3.21kg. Cervical injury occurred more in post-dated delivery [35% (n=42)], compared to pre term delivery [6.9% (n=8)] . Average duration of second stage was 35.2 minutes. Episiotomy was given in 73 / 116 (66%) and not many of the cervical tear was associated with instrumental delivery: [forceps 0.96% (n=1) and ventouse 3.85% (n=4)]. There were 10 cases of postpartum haemorrhage. Conclusion. From the view point of limited number of published studies on cervical tear pertaining to vaginal delivery where locally used prostaglandins have not been identified as a major risk factor in contrary to our study findings where every sixth case have been implicated, a cautious prelabour induction with forward anticipation of traumatic PPH as recognized here is worthwhile. Key words: Cervical tear, dinoprostone gel (cerviprime) and misoprostal, induction of labour   doi:10.3126/njog.v1i2.1488 N. J. Obstet. Gynaecol Vol. 1, No. 2, p. 14 - 18 Nov-Dec 2006
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-8546 , 1999-9623
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/njog.v1i2.1488
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
    Publication Date: 1970
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2430134-6
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Inherent property of signal from nanoparticle affects measured donut profile in stimulated emission depletion microscopy
    IOP Publishing ; 2020
    In:  Engineering Research Express Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2020-02-17), p. 015035-
    Details
    In: Engineering Research Express, IOP Publishing, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2020-02-17), p. 015035-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2631-8695
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1088/2631-8695/ab743b
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2978952-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Seasonal variations and health risk assessment of trace elements in the Badigad River, lesser Himalayas, Nepal
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Acta Geochimica Vol. 42, No. 4 ( 2023-08), p. 689-703
    Details
    In: Acta Geochimica, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 42, No. 4 ( 2023-08), p. 689-703
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2096-0956 , 2365-7499
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s11631-023-00611-z
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2847053-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Performance of Different Substrates on the Production of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Florida) at Gokuleshwor, Darchula
    International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) Vol. 8, No. 6 ( 2018-06-06)
    Details
    In: International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), Vol. 8, No. 6 ( 2018-06-06)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2250-3153
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.29322/IJSRP.8.6.2018.p7832
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP)
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Study on self‐assembly of colloidal particles at high ionic strength with stimulated emission depletion microscopy
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Engineering Reports Vol. 2, No. 9 ( 2020-09)
    Details
    In: Engineering Reports, Wiley, Vol. 2, No. 9 ( 2020-09)
    Abstract: Understanding the spatial organization of nano‐ and micro‐sized particle is very important in the fabrication of complex structures having unprecedented properties. Study on self‐assembly of submicroscopic colloidal particles at high ionic strength solution at single particle resolution can provide new insight into the nanoscale interactions. In this study, we studied the self assembly behavior of negatively charged 0.2 and 1 μm colloidal particles at high ionic strength on glass‐solution interface that is, in situ environment. The self‐assembled 0.2 μm particles could not be resolved with conventional confocal and epi‐fluorescent microscopy, so a home‐built continuous wave stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscope was used for the study. We found that particles self‐assemble into ordered and disordered structures at higher and lower ionic strength solution, respectively. The optical imaging methods allowed us to measure inter‐particle gap at second energy minimum directly. Interestingly, we found that the inter‐particle gap in the wet self‐assembly higher than the classical Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek (DLVO) theory predicted. The in situ investigation of particle self‐assembly at high ionic strength will provide more insight for the understanding nanoscale interactions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2577-8196 , 2577-8196
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/eng2.v2.9
    DOI: 10.1002/eng2.12233
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2947569-7
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optical properties of segmented Ag–Au wire at single particle level studied with a home‐built micro‐spectrometer
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Engineering Reports Vol. 3, No. 12 ( 2021-12)
    Details
    In: Engineering Reports, Wiley, Vol. 3, No. 12 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: Nanomaterials having hetero‐metallic junctions are being explored for sensing, catalytic, and biomedical applications. Insight into the bimetallic junction at nanoscale is important from both fundamental and application perspectives. In this study, we synthesized segmented Au–Ag wire by sequentially electroplating Au and Ag in cylindrical pores in anodic alumina membrane filters. We probed the one photon, two photon, and second harmonic signal in Au–Ag wire at single particle level by focusing laser beam to a diffraction limited spot using a home‐built sample scanning type micro‐spectrometer. When exciting the Au–Ag junctions into the mid‐UV range using two‐photon excitation, we observed two luminescence peaks at 455 and 520 nm, respectively, possibly because of the surface plasmon resonances supported by the sharp boundary and granular nanostructures on the Au–Ag interface. Interestingly, we also observed intense second harmonic generation (SHG) signal from the junction with a yield more than two orders of magnitude higher than that from the Au tips. The SHG intensity as a function of excitation wavelength showed a similar trend to the two‐photon excited luminescence emission spectrum, indicating that the SHG signal was enhanced in the presence of optical resonances. The observation of enhanced radiative properties of the bimetallic junction in the suggested that the Au–Ag wire may serve as an excellent imaging probe or single particle sensors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2577-8196 , 2577-8196
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/eng2.v3.12
    DOI: 10.1002/eng2.12439
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2947569-7
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Signal amplification strategies for microfluidic immunoassays
    Elsevier BV ; 2016
    In:  TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry Vol. 79 ( 2016-05), p. 326-334
    Details
    In: TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Elsevier BV, Vol. 79 ( 2016-05), p. 326-334
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0165-9936
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.10.021
    RVK:
    VG 2000
    RVK:
    VA 7720
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2014041-1
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Review of analytical performance of COVID-19 detection methods
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Vol. 413, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 35-48
    Details
    In: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 413, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 35-48
    Abstract: In the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, public health experts have emphasized testing, tracking infected people, and tracing their contacts as an effective strategy to reduce the spread of the virus. Several diagnostic methods are reported for detecting the coronavirus in clinical, research, and public health laboratories. Some tests detect the infection directly by detecting the viral RNA and other tests detect the infection indirectly by detecting the host antibodies. A diagnostic test during the pandemic should help make an appropriate clinical decision in a short period of time. Recently reported diagnostic methods for SARS-CoV-2 have varying throughput, batching capacity, requirement of infrastructure setting, analytical performance, and turnaround times ranging from a few minutes to several hours. These factors should be considered while selecting a reliable and rapid diagnostic method to help make an appropriate decision and prompt public health interventions. This paper reviews recent SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic methods published in journals and reports released by regulatory agencies. We compared the analytical efficiency including limit of detection, sensitivity, specificity, and throughput. In addition, we also looked into ease of use, affordability, and availability of accessories. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the methods and provide our perspectives on priorities for future test development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1618-2642 , 1618-2650
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02889-x
    RVK:
    VA 4300
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1459122-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2071767-2
    SSG: 12
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