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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 1997
    In:  Bulletin of Mathematical Biology Vol. 59, No. 4 ( 1997-7), p. 787-807
    In: Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 59, No. 4 ( 1997-7), p. 787-807
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0092-8240 , 1522-9602
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 1997
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1462512-X
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    In: Ecological Applications, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 3 ( 2021-04)
    Abstract: The authority to manage natural capital often follows political boundaries rather than ecological. This mismatch can lead to unsustainable outcomes, as spillovers from one management area to the next may create adverse incentives for local decision making, even within a single country. At the same time, one‐size‐fits‐all approaches of federal (centralized) authority can fail to respond to state (decentralized) heterogeneity and can result in inefficient economic or detrimental ecological outcomes. Here we utilize a spatially explicit coupled natural–human system model of a fishery to illuminate trade‐offs posed by the choice between federal vs. state control of renewable resources. We solve for the dynamics of fishing effort and fish stocks that result from different approaches to federal management that vary in terms of flexibility. Adapting numerical methods from engineering, we also solve for the open‐loop Nash equilibrium characterizing state management outcomes, where each state anticipates and responds to the choices of the others. We consider traditional federalism questions (state vs. federal management) as well as more contemporary questions about the economic and ecological impacts of shifting regulatory authority from one level to another. The key mechanisms behind the trade‐offs include whether differences in local conditions are driven by biological or economic mechanisms; degree of flexibility embedded in the federal management; the spatial and temporal distribution of economic returns across states; and the status‐quo management type. While simple rules‐of‐thumb are elusive, our analysis reveals the complex political economy dimensions of renewable resource federalism.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1051-0761 , 1939-5582
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010123-5
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 23
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Theoretical Ecology Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2019-6), p. 131-144
    In: Theoretical Ecology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2019-6), p. 131-144
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1874-1738 , 1874-1746
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2391025-2
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  • 4
    In: AoB PLANTS, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2020-04-01)
    Abstract: Although dispersal is generally viewed as a crucial determinant for the fitness of any organism, our understanding of its role in the persistence and spread of plant populations remains incomplete. Generalizing and predicting dispersal processes are challenging due to context dependence of seed dispersal, environmental heterogeneity and interdependent processes occurring over multiple spatial and temporal scales. Current population models often use simple phenomenological descriptions of dispersal processes, limiting their ability to examine the role of population persistence and spread, especially under global change. To move seed dispersal ecology forward, we need to evaluate the impact of any single seed dispersal event within the full spatial and temporal context of a plant’s life history and environmental variability that ultimately influences a population’s ability to persist and spread. In this perspective, we provide guidance on integrating empirical and theoretical approaches that account for the context dependency of seed dispersal to improve our ability to generalize and predict the consequences of dispersal, and its anthropogenic alteration, across systems. We synthesize suitable theoretical frameworks for this work and discuss concepts, approaches and available data from diverse subdisciplines to help operationalize concepts, highlight recent breakthroughs across research areas and discuss ongoing challenges and open questions. We address knowledge gaps in the movement ecology of seeds and the integration of dispersal and demography that could benefit from such a synthesis. With an interdisciplinary perspective, we will be able to better understand how global change will impact seed dispersal processes, and potential cascading effects on plant population persistence, spread and biodiversity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-2851
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2555823-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2002
    In:  Theoretical Population Biology Vol. 61, No. 3 ( 2002-5), p. 339-347
    In: Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 61, No. 3 ( 2002-5), p. 339-347
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-5809
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471916-2
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Informa UK Limited ; 2005
    In:  Journal of Difference Equations and Applications Vol. 11, No. 4-5 ( 2005-04), p. 295-310
    In: Journal of Difference Equations and Applications, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 11, No. 4-5 ( 2005-04), p. 295-310
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1023-6198 , 1563-5120
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2014383-7
    SSG: 17,1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2020
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 117, No. 28 ( 2020-07-14), p. 16431-16437
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 117, No. 28 ( 2020-07-14), p. 16431-16437
    Abstract: Maternal effect senescence—a decline in offspring survival or fertility with maternal age—has been demonstrated in many taxa, including humans. Despite decades of phenotypic studies, questions remain about how maternal effect senescence impacts evolutionary fitness. To understand the influence of maternal effect senescence on population dynamics, fitness, and selection, we developed matrix population models in which individuals are jointly classified by age and maternal age. We fit these models to data from individual-based culture experiments on the aquatic invertebrate, Brachionus manjavacas (Rotifera). By comparing models with and without maternal effects, we found that maternal effect senescence significantly reduces fitness for B. manjavacas and that this decrease arises primarily through reduced fertility, particularly at maternal ages corresponding to peak reproductive output. We also used the models to estimate selection gradients, which measure the strength of selection, in both high growth rate (laboratory) and two simulated low growth rate environments. In all environments, selection gradients on survival and fertility decrease with increasing age. They also decrease with increasing maternal age for late maternal ages, implying that maternal effect senescence can evolve through the same process as in Hamilton’s theory of the evolution of age-related senescence. The models we developed are widely applicable to evaluate the fitness consequences of maternal effect senescence across species with diverse aging and fertility schedule phenotypes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Environmental Microbiology Vol. 23, No. 8 ( 2021-08), p. 4689-4705
    In: Environmental Microbiology, Wiley, Vol. 23, No. 8 ( 2021-08), p. 4689-4705
    Abstract: Marine microbes often show a high degree of physiological or ecological diversity below the species level. This microdiversity raises questions about the processes that drive diversification and permit coexistence of diverse yet closely related marine microbes, especially given the theoretical efficiency of competitive exclusion. Here, we provide insight with an 8‐year time series of diversity within Synechococcus , a widespread and important marine picophytoplankter. The population of Synechococcus on the Northeast U.S. Shelf is comprised of six main types, each of which displays a distinct and consistent seasonal pattern. With compositional data analysis, we show that these patterns can be reproduced with a simple model that couples differential responses to temperature and light with the seasonal cycle of the physical environment. These observations support the hypothesis that temporal variability in environmental factors can maintain microdiversity in marine microbial populations. We also identify how seasonal diversity patterns directly determine overarching Synechococcus population abundance features.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-2912 , 1462-2920
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020213-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Animal Ecology Vol. 87, No. 1 ( 2018-01), p. 36-46
    In: Journal of Animal Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 87, No. 1 ( 2018-01), p. 36-46
    Abstract: The rate at which a population grows and spreads can depend on individual behaviour and interactions with others. In many species with two sexes, males and females differ in key life‐history traits (e.g. growth, survival and dispersal), which can scale up to affect population rates of growth and spread. In sexually reproducing species, the mechanics of locating mates and reproducing successfully introduce further complications for predicting the invasion speed (spread rate), as both can change nonlinearly with density. Most models of population spread are based on one sex, or include limited aspects of sex differences. Here we ask whether and how the dynamics of finding mates interact with sex‐specific life‐history traits to influence the rate of population spread. We present a hybrid approach for modelling invasions of populations with two sexes that links individual‐level mating behaviour (in an individual‐based model) to population‐level dynamics (in an integrodifference equation model). We find that limiting the amount of time during which individuals can search for mates causes a demographic Allee effect which can slow, delay, or even prevent an invasion. Furthermore, any sex‐based asymmetries in life history or behaviour (skewed sex ratio, sex‐biased dispersal, and sex‐specific mating behaviours) amplify these effects. In contrast, allowing individuals to mate more than once ameliorates these effects, enabling polygynandrous populations to invade under conditions where monogamously mating populations would fail to establish. We show that details of individuals’ mating behaviour can impact the rate of population spread. Based on our results, we propose a stricter definition of a mate‐finding Allee effect, which is not met by the commonly used minimum mating function. Our modelling approach, which links individual‐ and population‐level dynamics in a single model, may be useful for exploring other aspects of individual behaviour that are thought to impact the rate of population spread.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8790 , 1365-2656
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006616-8
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    In: Risk Analysis, Wiley, Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2004-08), p. 869-878
    Abstract: Species invasions are extremely common and are vastly outpacing the ability of resource agencies to address each invasion, one species at a time. Management actions that target the whole landscape or ecosystem may provide more cost‐effective protection against the establishment of invasive species than a species‐by‐species approach. To explore what ecosystem‐level actions might effectively reduce invasions, we developed a multispecies, multihabitat metapopulation model. We assume that species that successfully establish themselves outside their native range tend to be habitat generalists and that a tradeoff exists between competitive ability and habitat breadth, such that habitat specialists are competitively superior to habitat generalists. In this model, habitat destruction, fragmentation, and short‐term disturbances all favor invasion by habitat generalists, despite the inferior competitive abilities of generalist species. Our model results illustrate that providing relatively undisturbed habitat and preventing further habitat degradation and fragmentation can provide a highly cost‐effective defense against invasive species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0272-4332 , 1539-6924
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001458-2
    SSG: 25
    SSG: 3,6
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