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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Endopolyploidy as a potential driver of animal ecology and evolution
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Biological Reviews Vol. 92, No. 1 ( 2017-02), p. 234-247
    Details
    In: Biological Reviews, Wiley, Vol. 92, No. 1 ( 2017-02), p. 234-247
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1464-7931 , 1469-185X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/brv.2017.92.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1111/brv.12226
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1423558-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476789-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Single-molecule Sequencing of an Animal Mitochondrial Genome Reveals Chloroplast-like Architecture and Repeat-mediated Recombination
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Molecular Biology and Evolution Vol. 40, No. 1 ( 2023-01-04)
    Details
    In: Molecular Biology and Evolution, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 40, No. 1 ( 2023-01-04)
    Abstract: Recent advances in long-read sequencing technology have allowed for single-molecule sequencing of entire mitochondrial genomes, opening the door for direct investigation of the mitochondrial genome architecture and recombination. We used PacBio sequencing to reassemble mitochondrial genomes from two species of New Zealand freshwater snails, Potamopyrgus antipodarum and Potamopyrgus estuarinus. These assemblies revealed a ∼1.7 kb structure within the mitochondrial genomes of both species that was previously undetected by an assembly of short reads and likely corresponding to a large noncoding region commonly present in the mitochondrial genomes. The overall architecture of these Potamopyrgus mitochondrial genomes is reminiscent of the chloroplast genomes of land plants, harboring a large single-copy (LSC) region and a small single-copy (SSC) region separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IRa and IRb). Individual sequencing reads that spanned across the Potamopyrgus IRa-SSC-IRb structure revealed the occurrence of a “flip-flop” recombination. We also detected evidence for two distinct IR haplotypes and recombination between them in wild-caught P. estuarinus, as well as extensive intermolecular recombination between single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the LSC region. The chloroplast-like architecture and repeat-mediated mitochondrial recombination we describe here raise fundamental questions regarding the origins and commonness of inverted repeats in cytoplasmic genomes and their role in mitochondrial genome evolution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0737-4038 , 1537-1719
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad007
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2024221-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
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    Connective Tissue Growth Factor Promotes Efficient Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Choroidal Endothelium
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2017
    In:  Stem Cells Translational Medicine Vol. 6, No. 6 ( 2017-06-01), p. 1533-1546
    Details
    In: Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 6, No. 6 ( 2017-06-01), p. 1533-1546
    Abstract: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in the Western world. Although, the majority of stem cell research to date has focused on production of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and photoreceptor cells for the purpose of evaluating disease pathophysiology and cell replacement, there is strong evidence that the choroidal endothelial cells (CECs) that form the choriocapillaris vessels are the first to be lost in this disease. As such, to accurately evaluate disease pathophysiology and develop an effective treatment, production of patient-specific, stem cell-derived CECs will be required. In this study, we report for the first time a stepwise differentiation protocol suitable for generating human iPSC-derived CEC-like cells. RNA-seq analysis of the monkey CEC line, RF/6A, combined with two statistical screens allowed us to develop media comprised of various protein combinations. In both screens, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was identified as the key component required for driving CEC development. A second factor tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related weak inducer of apoptosis receptor was also found to promote iPSC to CEC differentiation by inducing endogenous CTGF secretion. CTGF-driven iPSC-derived CEC-like cells formed capillary tube-like vascular networks, and expressed the EC-specific markers CD31, ICAM1, PLVAP, vWF, and the CEC-restricted marker CA4. In combination with RPE and photoreceptor cells, patient-specific iPSC derived CEC-like cells will enable scientists to accurately evaluate AMD pathophysiology and develop effective cell replacement therapies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2157-6564 , 2157-6580
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/sctm.16-0399
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2642270-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_1.zip
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Vol. 10 ( 2022-7-15)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2022-7-15)
    Abstract: Why sexual reproduction is so common when asexual reproduction should be much more efficient and less costly remains an open question in evolutionary biology. Comparisons between otherwise similar sexual and asexual taxa allow us to characterize the genetic architecture underlying asexuality, which can, in turn, illuminate how this reproductive mode transition occurred and the mechanisms by which it is maintained or disrupted. Here, we used transcriptome sequencing to compare patterns of ovarian gene expression between actively reproducing obligately sexual and obligately asexual females from multiple lineages of Potamopyrgus antipodarum , a freshwater New Zealand snail characterized by frequent separate transitions to asexuality and coexistence of otherwise similar sexual and asexual lineages. We also used these sequence data to evaluate whether population history accounts for variation in patterns of gene expression. We found that source population was a major source of gene expression variation, and likely more influential than reproductive mode. This outcome for these common garden-raised snails is strikingly similar to earlier results from field-collected snails. While we did not identify a likely set of candidate genes from expression profiles that could plausibly explain how transitions to asexuality occurred, we identified around 1,000 genes with evidence of differential expression between sexual and asexual reproductive modes, and 21 genes that appear to exhibit consistent expression differences between sexuals and asexuals across genetic backgrounds. This second smaller set of genes provides a good starting point for further exploration regarding a potential role in the transition to asexual reproduction. These results mark the first effort to characterize the causes of asexuality in P. antipodarum , demonstrate the apparently high heritability of gene expression patterns in this species, and hint that for P. antipodarum , transitions to asexuality might not necessarily be strongly associated with broad changes in gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-701X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.845640
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.845640.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2745634-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Discordance between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes in sexual and asexual lineages of the freshwater snail P otamopyrgus antipodarum
    Wiley ; 2013
    In:  Molecular Ecology Vol. 22, No. 18 ( 2013-09), p. 4695-4710
    Details
    In: Molecular Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 22, No. 18 ( 2013-09), p. 4695-4710
    Abstract: The presence and extent of mitonuclear discordance in coexisting sexual and asexual lineages provides insight into 1) how and when asexual lineages emerged, and 2) the spatial and temporal scales at which the ecological and evolutionary processes influencing the evolution of sexual and asexual reproduction occur. Here, we used nuclear single‐nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP ) markers and a mitochondrial gene to characterize phylogeographic structure and the extent of mitonuclear discordance in Potamopyrgus antipodarum . This New Zealand freshwater snail is often used to study the evolution and maintenance of sex because obligately sexual and obligately asexual individuals often coexist. While our data indicate that sexual and asexual P. antipodarum sampled from the same lake population are often genetically similar, suggesting recent origin of these asexuals from sympatric sexual P. antipodarum , we also found significantly more population structure in sexuals vs. asexuals. This latter result suggests that some asexual lineages originated in other lakes and/or in the relatively distant past. When comparing mitochondrial and nuclear population genetic structure, we discovered that one mitochondrial haplotype (‘1A’) was rare in sexuals, but common and widespread in asexuals. Haplotype 1A frequency and nuclear genetic diversity were not associated, suggesting that the commonness of this haplotype cannot be attributed entirely to genetic drift and pointing instead to a role for selection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-1083 , 1365-294X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/mec.2013.22.issue-18
    DOI: 10.1111/mec.12422
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020749-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1126687-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
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    Effects of polyploidy and reproductive mode on life history trait expression
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Ecology and Evolution Vol. 6, No. 3 ( 2016-02), p. 765-778
    Details
    In: Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 6, No. 3 ( 2016-02), p. 765-778
    Abstract: Ploidy elevation is increasingly recognized as a common and important source of genomic variation. Even so, the consequences and biological significance of polyploidy remain unclear, especially in animals. Here, our goal was to identify potential life history costs and benefits of polyploidy by conducting a large multiyear common garden experiment in Potamopyrgus antipodarum , a New Zealand freshwater snail that is a model system for the study of ploidy variation, sexual reproduction, host–parasite coevolution, and invasion ecology. Sexual diploid and asexual triploid and tetraploid P. antipodarum frequently coexist, allowing for powerful direct comparisons across ploidy levels and reproductive modes. Asexual reproduction and polyploidy are very often associated in animals, allowing us to also use these comparisons to address the maintenance of sex, itself one of the most important unresolved questions in evolutionary biology. Our study revealed that sexual diploid P. antipodarum grow and mature substantially more slowly than their asexual polyploid counterparts. We detected a strong negative correlation between the rate of growth and age at reproductive maturity, suggesting that the relatively early maturation of asexual polyploid P. antipodarum is driven by relatively rapid growth. The absence of evidence for life history differences between triploid and tetraploid asexuals indicates that ploidy elevation is unlikely to underlie the differences in trait values that we detected between sexual and asexual snails. Finally, we found that sexual P. antipodarum did not experience discernable phenotypic variance‐related benefits of sex and were more likely to die before achieving reproductive maturity than the asexuals. Taken together, these results suggest that under benign conditions, polyploidy does not impose obvious life history costs in P. antipodarum and that sexual P. antipodarum persist despite substantial life history disadvantages relative to their asexual counterparts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-7758 , 2045-7758
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2016.6.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1934
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2635675-2
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  • 7
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    Turning the tide on sex and the microbiota in aquatic animals
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Hydrobiologia Vol. 850, No. 17 ( 2023-10), p. 3823-3835
    Details
    In: Hydrobiologia, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 850, No. 17 ( 2023-10), p. 3823-3835
    Abstract: Sex-based differences in animal microbiota are increasingly recognized as of biological importance. While most animal biomass is found in aquatic ecosystems and many water-dwelling species are of high economic and ecological value, biological sex is rarely included as an explanatory variable in studies of the aquatic animal microbiota. In this opinion piece, we argue for greater consideration of host sex in studying the microbiota of aquatic animals, emphasizing the many advancements that this information could provide in the life sciences, from the evolution of sex to aquaculture.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0018-8158 , 1573-5117
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10750-022-04862-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478162-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 214428-1
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  • 8
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    Bringing Disciplines and People Together to Characterize the Plastic and Genetic Responses of Molluscs to Environmental Change
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Integrative and Comparative Biology Vol. 61, No. 5 ( 2021-11-17), p. 1689-1698
    Details
    In: Integrative and Comparative Biology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 61, No. 5 ( 2021-11-17), p. 1689-1698
    Abstract: Molluscs are remarkably diverse and are found across nearly all ecosystems, meaning that members of this ancient animal phylum provide a powerful means to study genomic-phenotype connections in a climate change framework. Recent advances in genomic sequencing technologies and genome assembly approaches finally allow the relatively cheap and tractable assembly of high-quality mollusc genome resources. After a brief review of these issues and advances, we use a case-study approach to provide some concrete examples of phenotypic plasticity and genomic adaptation in molluscs in response to environmental factors expected to be influenced by climate change. Our goal is to use molluscs as a “common currency” to demonstrate how organismal and evolutionary biologists can use natural systems to make phenotype-genotype connections in the context of changing environments. In parallel, we emphasize the critical need to collaborate and integrate findings across taxa and disciplines in order to use new data and information to advance our understanding of mollusc biology in the context of global environmental change. We end with a brief synthetic summary of the papers inspired by the 2021 SICB Symposium “Genomic Perspectives in Comparative Physiology of Molluscs: Integration across Disciplines”.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1540-7063 , 1557-7023
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab186
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2159110-6
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  • 9
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    Phenotypic Variation in Mitochondria-Related Performance Traits Across New Zealand Snail Populations
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Integrative and Comparative Biology Vol. 60, No. 2 ( 2020-08-01), p. 275-287
    Details
    In: Integrative and Comparative Biology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 60, No. 2 ( 2020-08-01), p. 275-287
    Abstract: Mitochondrial function is critical for energy homeostasis and should shape how genetic variation in metabolism is transmitted through levels of biological organization to generate stability in organismal performance. Mitochondrial function is encoded by genes in two distinct and separately inherited genomes—the mitochondrial genome and the nuclear genome—and selection is expected to maintain functional mito-nuclear interactions. The documented high levels of polymorphism in genes involved in these mito-nuclear interactions and wide variation for mitochondrial function demands an explanation for how and why variability in such a fundamental trait is maintained. Potamopyrgus antipodarum is a New Zealand freshwater snail with coexisting sexual and asexual individuals and, accordingly, contrasting systems of separate vs. co-inheritance of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. As such, this snail provides a powerful means to dissect the evolutionary and functional consequences of mito-nuclear variation. The lakes inhabited by P. antipodarum span wide environmental gradients, with substantial across-lake genetic structure and mito-nuclear discordance. This situation allows us to use comparisons across reproductive modes and lakes to partition variation in cellular respiration across genetic and environmental axes. Here, we integrated cellular, physiological, and behavioral approaches to quantify variation in mitochondrial function across a diverse set of wild P. antipodarum lineages. We found extensive across-lake variation in organismal oxygen consumption and behavioral response to heat stress and differences across sexes in mitochondrial membrane potential but few global effects of reproductive mode. Taken together, our data set the stage for applying this important model system for sexual reproduction and polyploidy to dissecting the complex relationships between mito-nuclear variation, performance, plasticity, and fitness in natural populations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1540-7063 , 1557-7023
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icb/icaa066
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2159110-6
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  • 10
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    Radical amino acid mutations persist longer in the absence of sex
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Evolution Vol. 72, No. 4 ( 2018-04), p. 808-824
    Details
    In: Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 72, No. 4 ( 2018-04), p. 808-824
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0014-3820 , 1558-5646
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/evo.2018.72.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/evo.13465
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2036375-8
    SSG: 12
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