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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Relative Head Impact Exposure and Brain White Matter Alterations After a Single Season of Competitive Football: A Pilot Comparison of Youth Versus High School Football
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2019
    In:  Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine Vol. 29, No. 6 ( 2019-11), p. 442-450
    Details
    In: Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 29, No. 6 ( 2019-11), p. 442-450
    Abstract: Youth athletes are believed to be more susceptible to white matter (WM) degradation resulting from head impact exposure relative to high school (HS) athletes; this hypothesis has not been objectively tested. The purpose of this study was to determine preseason to postseason changes in WM integrity from repetitive head impacts for youth football (YFB) players compared with HS football players during a competitive football season. Design: Prospective cohort. Setting: One season of YFB (grades 7 and 8) and varsity HS football (grades 10-12). Patients or Other Participants: Twelve YFB (13.08 ± 0.64 years) and 21 HS (17.5 ± 0.78 years) athletes. Interventions: Participants completed 2 magnetic resonance imaging sessions: preseason and postseason. Head impact exposure was recorded during practice and games using a helmet-mounted accelerometer. Main Outcome Measures: Tract-based spatial statistics were used to evaluate group differences in preseason to postseason changes in diffusion tensor imaging, including fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD). Results: The HS group exhibited significant preseason to postseason reductions in MD, AD, and RD ( P 〈 0.05, corrected) in widespread WM areas. Significant WM reductions for the YFB group were only observed for AD ( P 〈 0.05, corrected), but was more limited in extent compared with HS. Conclusions: Significant preseason to postseason AD reduction was found in both YFB and HS groups after one season of competitive play. Our results did not confirm recent speculation that younger children are more susceptible to the deleterious effects of repetitive head impacts compared with their older counterparts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1050-642X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000753
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2045233-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Are primary care physicians ill equipped to evaluate and treat childhood physical inactivity?
    Informa UK Limited ; 2020
    In:  The Physician and Sportsmedicine Vol. 48, No. 2 ( 2020-04-02), p. 199-207
    Details
    In: The Physician and Sportsmedicine, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 48, No. 2 ( 2020-04-02), p. 199-207
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0091-3847 , 2326-3660
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2019.1673685
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2095106-1
    SSG: 31
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    National Strength and Conditioning Association Position Statement on Long-Term Athletic Development
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research Vol. 30, No. 6 ( 2016-06), p. 1491-1509
    Details
    In: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 30, No. 6 ( 2016-06), p. 1491-1509
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1064-8011
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001387
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2142889-X
    SSG: 31
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Physical Inactivity in Youth : Can Exercise Deficit Disorder Alter the Way We View Preventative Care?
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2018
    In:  ACSM'S Health & Fitness Journal Vol. 22, No. 2 ( 2018-03), p. 42-46
    Details
    In: ACSM'S Health & Fitness Journal, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 22, No. 2 ( 2018-03), p. 42-46
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1091-5397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1249/FIT.0000000000000370
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2145750-5
    SSG: 31
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oculomotor Performance is Associated with Unanticipated Player-to-Player Collisions and Impact Force Exposure in High School Soccer
    American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) ; 2018
    In:  Pediatrics Vol. 142, No. 1_MeetingAbstract ( 2018-05-01), p. 422-422
    Details
    In: Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Vol. 142, No. 1_MeetingAbstract ( 2018-05-01), p. 422-422
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-4005 , 1098-4275
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1542/peds.142.1MA5.422
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477004-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Influence of Biological Maturity on Dynamic Force–Time Variables and Vaulting Performance in Young Female Gymnasts
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise Vol. 2, No. 4 ( 2020-11), p. 319-329
    Details
    In: Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 2, No. 4 ( 2020-11), p. 319-329
    Abstract: This cross-sectional study investigated dynamic force–time variables and vaulting performance in young female gymnasts of different maturity status. Methods 120 gymnasts aged 5–14 years were sub-divided into maturity groupings using percent of predicted adult height (%PAH) attained. Participants performed three jumping protocols, the squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ) and drop jump (DJ), before completing straight jump vaults that were recorded using two-dimensional video. Results Jumping performance improved with biological maturity evidenced by the most mature gymnasts’ producing significantly more absolute force ( P   〈  0.05; all d   〉  0.78), impulse ( P   〈  0.05; all d   〉  0.75) and power ( P   〈  0.05; all d   〉  0.91) than the least mature group, resulting in the greater jump heights ( P   〈  0.05; all d   〉  0.70). While, no significant differences were observed in relative peak force across multiple tests, measures of relative peak power did significantly increase with maturity. Based upon regression analyses, maturation was found to influence vertical take-off velocity during vaulting, explaining 41% of the variance in each jumping protocol. Across all tests, the DJ was found to have the highest predictive ability of vaulting vertical take-off velocity, explaining 55% of the total variance. Conclusion Biological maturation impacts jump height and underpinning mechanical variables in young female gymnasts. Vaulting vertical take-off velocity appears to be influenced by maturation and various dynamic force–time variables, particularly those during DJ, which had the highest explained total variance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2096-6709 , 2662-1371
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s42978-020-00068-z
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3006147-7
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee: An Interrater Reliability Study of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  The American Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 48, No. 9 ( 2020-07), p. 2221-2229
    Details
    In: The American Journal of Sports Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 48, No. 9 ( 2020-07), p. 2221-2229
    Abstract: Imaging characteristics of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions quantified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are often used to inform treatment and prognosis. However, the interrater reliability of clinician-driven MRI-based assessment of OCD lesions is not well documented. Purpose: To determine the interrater reliability of several historical and novel MRI-derived characteristics of OCD of the knee in children. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3 Methods: A total of 42 OCD lesions were evaluated by 10 fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons using 31 different MRI characteristics, characterizing lesion size and location, condylar size, cartilage status, the interface between parent and progeny bone, and features of both the parent and the progeny bone. Interrater reliability was determined via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) with 2-way random modeling, Fleiss kappa, or Krippendorff alpha as appropriate for each variable. Results: Raters were reliable when the lesion was measured in the coronal plane (ICC, 0.77). Almost perfect agreement was achieved for condylar size (ICC, 0.93), substantial agreement for physeal patency (ICC, 0.79), and moderate agreement for joint effusion (ICC, 0.56) and cartilage status (ICC, 0.50). Overall, raters showed significant variability regarding interface characteristics (ICC, 0.25), progeny (ICC range, 0.03 to 0.62), and parent bone measurements and qualities (ICC range, –0.02 to 0.65), with reliability being moderate at best for these measurements. Conclusion: This multicenter study determined the interrater reliability of MRI characteristics of OCD lesions in children. Although several measurements provided acceptable reliability, many MRI features of OCD that inform treatment decisions were unreliable. Further work will be needed to refine the unreliable characteristics and to assess the ability of those reliable characteristics to predict clinical lesion instability and prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0363-5465 , 1552-3365
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0363546520930427
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2063945-4
    SSG: 31
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Descriptive Epidemiology From the Research in Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee (ROCK) Prospective Cohort
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  The American Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 50, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 118-127
    Details
    In: The American Journal of Sports Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 50, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 118-127
    Abstract: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) occurs most commonly in the knees of young individuals. This condition is known to cause pain and discomfort in the knee and can lead to disability and early knee osteoarthritis. The cause is not well understood, and treatment plans are not well delineated. The Research in Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee (ROCK) group established a multicenter, prospective cohort to better understand this disease. Purpose: To provide a baseline report of the ROCK multicenter prospective cohort and present a descriptive analysis of baseline data for patient characteristics, lesion characteristics, and clinical findings of the first 1000 cases enrolled into the prospective cohort. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients were recruited from centers throughout the United States. Baseline data were obtained for patient characteristics, sports participation, patient-reported measures of functional capabilities and limitations, physical examination, diagnostic imaging results, and initial treatment plan. Descriptive statistics were completed for all outcomes of interest. Results: As of November 2020, a total of 27 orthopaedic surgeons from 17 institutions had enrolled 1004 knees with OCD, representing 903 patients (68.9% males; median age, 13.1 years; range, 6.3-25.4 years), into the prospective cohort. Lesions were located on the medial femoral condyle (66.2%), lateral femoral condyle (18.1%), trochlea (9.5%), patella (6.0%), and tibial plateau (0.2%). Most cases involved multisport athletes (68.1%), with the most common primary sport being basketball for males (27.3% of cases) and soccer for females (27.6% of cases). The median Pediatric International Knee Documentation Committee (Pedi-IKCD) score was 59.9 (IQR, 45.6-73.9), and the median Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (Pedi-FABS) score was 21.0 (IQR, 5.0-28.0). Initial treatments were surgical intervention (55.4%) and activity restriction (44.0%). When surgery was performed, surgeons deemed the lesion to be stable at intraoperative assessment in 48.1% of cases. Conclusion: The multicenter ROCK group has been able to enroll the largest knee OCD cohort to date. This information is being used to further understand the pathology of OCD, including its cause, associated comorbidities, and initial presentation and symptoms. The cohort having been established is now being followed longitudinally to better define and elucidate the best treatment algorithms based on these presenting signs and symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0363-5465 , 1552-3365
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03635465211057103
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2063945-4
    SSG: 31
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Within- and Between-Session Reliability of the Isometric Midthigh Pull in Young Female Athletes
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research Vol. 32, No. 7 ( 2018-07), p. 1892-1901
    Details
    In: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 32, No. 7 ( 2018-07), p. 1892-1901
    Abstract: Moeskops, S, Oliver, JL, Read, PJ, Cronin, JB, Myer, GD, Haff, GG, and Lloyd, RS. Within- and between-session reliability of the isometric midthigh pull in young female athletes. J Strength Cond Res 32(7): 1892–1901, 2018—To investigate the within- and between-session reliability of the isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) in pre– and post–peak height velocity (PHV) female athletes. Nineteen pre- and 19 post-PHV athletes performed bilateral IMTPs using a custom-designed isometric testing system. Participants attended 3 separate testing sessions and performed 3 trials within each session. Peak force, relative peak force, force at 30, 50, 90, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ms, rate of force development (RFD) within time-specific bands, time to peak force (TPF), and time to peak RFD were obtained for analysis. Within- and between-session reliability for each variable was calculated from repeated-measures analysis of variance, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and coefficients of variation (CV) with 95% confidence intervals. Within- and between-session measures of absolute and relative peak force were found to be reliable for both pre-PHV (CV ≤ 9.4%, ICC ≥ 0.87) and post-PHV (CV ≤ 7.3%, ICC ≥ 0.92), but systematic bias was evident between sessions in the pre-PHV group, from session 1 to 2. Analyses of force at the specific time points revealed CVs between 19–37% and 5–24% for pre-PHV and post-PHV athletes, respectively. Greater variability was evident in TPF, and all RFD-related variables for pre-PHV (CV ≥ 38%) and post-PHV (CV ≥ 27%) athletes, respectively. The IMTP appears a reliable and safe method for evaluating peak force in young female athletes. Overall, post-PHV athletes were more reliable than pre-PHV athletes, with pre-PHV athletes needing additional familiarization to minimize the influence of systematic bias.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1064-8011
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002566
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2142889-X
    SSG: 31
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Influence of Biological Maturity and Competitive Level on Isometric Force-Time Curve Variables and Vaulting Performance in Young Female Gymnasts
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research Vol. 34, No. 8 ( 2020-08), p. 2136-2145
    Details
    In: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 34, No. 8 ( 2020-08), p. 2136-2145
    Abstract: Moeskops, S, Oliver, JL, Read, PJ, Cronin, JB, Myer, GD, Haff, GG, and Lloyd, RS. The influence of biological maturity and competitive level on isometric force-time curve variables and vaulting performance in young female gymnasts. J Strength Cond Res 34(8): 2136–2145, 2020—This cross-sectional study investigated isometric force-time curve variables and vaulting performance in young female gymnasts of varying maturity and competitive levels. One hundred twenty gymnasts aged 5–14 years were subdivided into maturity groupings and also according to their competitive level. Subjects performed isometric midthigh pulls (IMTP) before completing straight jump vaults that were recorded using two-dimensional video. All significance values were accepted at p 〈 0.05. Absolute peak force (PF abs) and force at various time epochs were significantly greater in more mature gymnasts, although no significant differences were observed in relative peak force (PF rel). When grouped by competitive level, elite gymnasts produced a significantly greater absolute rate of force development (RFD abs) at 0–150, 0–200, and 0–250 ms as well as relative RFD (RFD rel) at 0–200 and 0–250 ms than recreational gymnasts. Based upon regression analyses, force at 50 ms during the IMTP test explained 15% of vertical takeoff velocity during vaulting. Biological maturation seems to impact isometric force-time curve characteristics in young female gymnasts, and higher-level gymnasts produce greater RFD than those competing at a lower level. Vaulting vertical takeoff velocity seems to be largely independent of isometric force-time characteristics with only a small amount of variance explained by force at 50 ms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1064-8011
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003672
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2142889-X
    SSG: 31
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