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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A brief review on pregnancy risk reasoned to COVID-19
    A and V Publications ; 2022
    In:  Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology
    Details
    In: Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, A and V Publications
    Abstract: Introduction: Pregnancy is confronted with increased risk for COVID-19 since the expression of immune markers, realized the fact that the immune cells and cytokines, the virtuous understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease reduce maternal deaths. Pregnant women are enfeebled against the immune systems and are at added risk of contracting COVID-19. Indeed, they are at added risk of contracting COVID-19. The studies have proven the similarities between the COVID-19 and pregnancy regard to their immune system marked by a noticeable reduction in lymphocytes and raise in selected proinflammatory cytokines. Purpose: The study aims to conduct a review engine to enhance the knowledge on pathophysiological stirrings of condition in normal pregnancy and COVID-19, which are marked by decreased lymphocytes, NKG2A inhibitory receptors, and increased ACE2, IL-8, IL-10, and IP-10 project the risk for developing COVID-19 in pregnancy. To bring out the awareness on pregnancy vulnerability risk for COVID-19 and its complications. Method: This study is initiated with search engine reviewing previous studies correlating with various aspects of normal pregnancy COVID-19 pathophysiological aspects and COVID attack risk in pregnancy. This study probe through electronic databases such as PubMed, Medline, and Scopus databases using keywords such as Coronavirus Immune marker, Pregnancy Lymphocytes, Natural killer cells, a similar pat physiological condition in pregnancy, and COVID-19, Pregnancy vulnerability risk for COVID-19. Result: Analysed studies have given out fruitful information on pregnancy risk, the corona virus immune markers in pregnancy is seen with reduced lymphocytes, and increase proinflammatory cytokines that depict the similarity in the pathophysiological condition in pregnancy and COVID-19, pave up to pregnancy vulnerability for risk in COVID-19 contraction. Conclusion: This review analysis drawn informative tips for professionals that would be useful in educating patient as a part of preventive measure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0974-360X , 0974-3618
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.52711/0974-360X
    DOI: 10.52711/0974-360X.2022.00070
    Language: English
    Publisher: A and V Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2846942-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Brief Review Study on COVID-19 Risks for Complications in Preterm Birth and Protective Measures
    A and V Publications ; 2023
    In:  Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology
    Details
    In: Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, A and V Publications
    Abstract: Introduction: Conceptualized that pregnant women who are contracted COVID-19 face significantly higher risks for complications with regard to their health and well-being. Preterm birth is one of the complications observed, so there is a need to be agile and be able to discuss the multiple ways that would protect women. Purpose: This review study has the determination to bring out thoughtful, innovative, and insightful perceptions by analyzing literature studies on preterm birth due to COVID-19 and the multiple ways that would provide protective measures to women. Methodology: This is a review study of premature delivery due to COVID-19 and the manifold protective measures for women. The secondary data is collected from the literature search from various electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and PubMed Central. Results: The study draws insights that advance the knowledge concerning preterm birth due to COVID-19 and the compounding ways that provide protective measures to women. Conclusion: This review study analyses the risks for complications to pregnant women contracting COVID specifically premature deliveries seen at an increased rate. For patient safety various measures have been studied systematically in multiple ways and has been applied in the healthcare system. Drawing insights from the literature, the review study frames various measures for patient safety that would help professionals have novel ideas to deal with these types of mishaps.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0974-360X , 0974-3618
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.52711/0974-360X
    DOI: 10.52711/0974-360X.2023.00497
    Language: English
    Publisher: A and V Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2846942-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 3
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    Preferred Modalities for learning Anatomy: Medical students' opinion
    Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) ; 2016
    In:  Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2016-12-09)
    Details
    In: Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS), Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2016-12-09)
    Abstract: Learning anatomy is the basic and essential component of medical study when students start to learn in medical career. Since five hundred years ago, the human cadaver has been used as the silent mentor for students in learning anatomy. Later, pre-dissected specimens were used in addition to hands-on dissection of human cadaver. Current advances promote the use of anatomical models as well as plastinated specimens. This study focused on analyzing the preference of students towards different learning modalities available for anatomy teaching. It was conducted on first year medical students at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah (FPSK, UMS). A total of 76 students (27 males and 49 females) participated in this study. Out of 76 students, 57 (75%) students preferred using human cadaver for anatomy learning. Four students (5.3%) opted for plastinated specimen while 15 students (19.7%) chose the plastic model. Knowledge gained in learning Anatomy was said to be easier from cadaver (67.1%), followed by plastinated specimen (35.5%) and plastic models (52.6%). In the present study, 97.4% responded that plastic model was easier to apply their knowledge in objective structured practical examinations. The present study found that using cadaver was still favoured by medical students. Further studies are required to determine the preference between hands-on cadaveric dissections versus pre-dissected specimens.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2710-7353 , 1985-1758
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.51200/bjms.v10i1
    DOI: 10.51200/bjms.v10i1.560
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS)
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 4
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    Palmaris Longus Tendon Absence in Pre-Clinical Medical Students of Universiti Malaysia Sabah
    Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) ; 2020
    In:  Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) ( 2020-02-20)
    Details
    In: Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS), Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), ( 2020-02-20)
    Abstract: Palmaris longus (PL) tendon is regularly used in reconstructive surgeries as a donor tendon because it is observed as an accessory muscle and has little practical use to the human hands. It is only found in mammals. For example, the orangutan has PL but it is absent variable in the higher class of apes such as gorillas and chimpanzees. The absence of PL in humans appears to be hereditary, but the genetic transmission is unclear. The main objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of PL tendon absence in pre-clinical medical students of UMS and to compare the lack between gender and ethnic groups. By using standard Schaffer’s test, we examined the presence or absence of PL tendon among the first and second-year medical students of UMS. Four additional tests, Thompson’s test, Mishra’s test I, and II, Pushpakumar’s tests were used to determine whether PL present or not. A total of 134 volunteers were examined, and 91.8% were right-handed, and 8.2% were left-handed. The overall absence (bilateral and unilateral) of PL tendon was 23.9%, whereas unilateral absent was 17.9%, and bilateral absent was 6.0%. The high prevalence of absence of PL tendon among females 25.5% compared to males 20.0%. Chinese and Indian have a higher incidence of PL tendon absence followed by Kadazandusun and Malay. In this study, there were different figures for each ethnic group. The prevalence of absence of PL varies depending on the populations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2710-7353 , 1985-1758
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.51200/bjms.vi
    DOI: 10.51200/bjms.vi.1194
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cholera in Yangon, Myanmar, 2012–2013
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ; 2015
    In:  Emerging Infectious Diseases Vol. 21, No. 3 ( 2015-03), p. 543-544
    Details
    In: Emerging Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Vol. 21, No. 3 ( 2015-03), p. 543-544
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1080-6040 , 1080-6059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3201/eid2103.141309
    Language: English
    Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2004375-2
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  • 6
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    Pathogen and Antibody Identification in Children with Encephalitis in Myanmar
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Annals of Neurology Vol. 93, No. 3 ( 2023-03), p. 615-628
    Details
    In: Annals of Neurology, Wiley, Vol. 93, No. 3 ( 2023-03), p. 615-628
    Abstract: Prospective studies of encephalitis are rare in regions where encephalitis is prevalent, such as low middle‐income Southeast Asian countries. We compared the diagnostic yield of local and advanced tests in cases of pediatric encephalitis in Myanmar. Methods Children with suspected subacute or acute encephalitis at Yangon Children's Hospital, Yangon, Myanmar, were prospectively recruited from 2016–2018. Cohort 1 (n = 65) had locally available diagnostic testing, whereas cohort 2 (n = 38) had advanced tests for autoantibodies (ie, cell‐based assays, tissue immunostaining, studies with cultured neurons) and infections (ie, BioFire FilmArray multiplex Meningitis/Encephalitis multiplex PCR panel, metagenomic sequencing, and pan‐viral serologic testing [VirScan] of cerebrospinal fluid). Results A total of 20 cases (13 in cohort 1 and 7 in cohort 2) were found to have illnesses other than encephalitis. Of the 52 remaining cases in cohort 1, 43 (83%) had presumed infectious encephalitis, of which 2 cases (4%) had a confirmed infectious etiology. Nine cases (17%) had presumed autoimmune encephalitis. Of the 31 cases in cohort 2, 23 (74%) had presumed infectious encephalitis, of which one (3%) had confirmed infectious etiology using local tests only, whereas 8 (26%) had presumed autoimmune encephalitis. Advanced tests confirmed an additional 10 (32%) infections, 4 (13%) possible infections, and 5 (16%) cases of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor antibody encephalitis. Interpretation Pediatric encephalitis is prevalent in Myanmar, and advanced technologies increase identification of treatable infectious and autoimmune causes. Developing affordable advanced tests to use globally represents a high clinical and research priority to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of encephalitis. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:615–628
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0364-5134 , 1531-8249
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ana.v93.3
    DOI: 10.1002/ana.26560
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2037912-2
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  • 7
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    Plasma Galectin-9 relates to cognitive performance and inflammation among adolescents with vertically acquired HIV
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2024
    In:  AIDS
    Details
    In: AIDS, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Abstract: Adolescents with perinatally-acquired HIV (AWH) are at an increased risk of poor cognitive development but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Circulating galectin-9 (Gal-9) has been associated with increased inflammation and multi-morbidity in adults with HIV despite anti-retroviral therapy (ART), however, relationship between Gal-9 in AWH and cognition remain unexplored. Design: A cross-sectional study of two independent age-matched cohorts from India [AWH on ART (n = 15), ART-naïve (n = 15), and adolescents without HIV (AWOH; n = 10)] and Myanmar [AWH on ART (n = 54) and AWOH (n = 22)] were studied. Adolescents from Myanmar underwent standardized cognitive tests. Methods: Plasma Gal-9 and soluble mediators were measured by immunoassays and cellular immune markers by flow cytometry. We used Mann-Whitney U tests to determine group-wise differences, Spearman's correlation for associations and machine learning (ML) to identify a classifier of cognitive status (impaired vs. unimpaired) built from clinical (age, sex, HIV status) and immunological markers. Results: Gal-9 levels were elevated in ART-treated AWH compared to AWOH in both cohorts (all p 〈 0.05). Higher Gal-9 in AWH correlated with increased levels of inflammatory mediators (sCD14, TNFα, MCP-1, IP-10, IL-10) and activated CD8 T cells (all p 〈 0.05). Irrespective of HIV status, higher Gal-9 levels correlated with lower cognitive test scores in multiple domains (verbal learning, visuospatial learning, memory, motor skills (all p 〈 0.05). ML classification identified Gal-9, CTLA-4, HVEM, and TIM-3 as significant predictors of cognitive deficits in adolescents (mean AUC = 0.837). Conclusion: Our results highlight a potential role of Gal-9 as a biomarker of inflammation and cognitive health among adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0269-9370 , 1473-5571
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003907
    RVK:
    XA 16838
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2012212-3
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Inapparent dengue virus infection among students in Mandalay, Myanmar
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ( 2019-10-22)
    Details
    In: Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Oxford University Press (OUP), ( 2019-10-22)
    Abstract: A school- and laboratory-based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to find out the burden of inapparent dengue virus (DENV) infection in Mandalay where DENV is endemic and there is circulation of all four DENV serotypes. Methods A total of 420 students who had no history of fever and visited the hospital within 6 months were recruited from three monastic schools. Serum samples were collected and the DENV genome was checked by conventional one-step RT-PCR and anti-DENV IgM and IgG antibodies were determined. Inapparent dengue (DEN) infection is defined as individuals who were either RT-PCR-positive or anti-DENV IgM-positive with no clinical manifestations or mild symptoms, and which are not linked to a visit to a healthcare provider. Results Among 420 students, 38 students (9.0%, 95% CI, 6.4 to 12.2) were confirmed as recent inapparent DEN infection. The DENV serotype-1 was detected in six students. Thirty-one out of 38 (81.6%) laboratory-confirmed inapparent DEN-infected students had primary infections and seven (18.4%) had secondary infections. Conclusion This study explored the prevalence of inapparent DEN infection rate in urban monastic schools in Mandalay and showed that the rate of primary infection among inapparent DENV-infected children was high.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0035-9203 , 1878-3503
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trz071
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2135136-3
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Evaluation of commercially available three dengue rapid diagnostic test kits for diagnosis of acute dengue virus infection at the point-of-care setting in Myanmar
    Elsevier BV ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Virological Methods Vol. 273 ( 2019-11), p. 113724-
    Details
    In: Journal of Virological Methods, Elsevier BV, Vol. 273 ( 2019-11), p. 113724-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0166-0934
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.113724
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007929-1
    SSG: 12
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