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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global maps of soil temperature
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Global Change Biology Vol. 28, No. 9 ( 2022-05), p. 3110-3144
    Details
    In: Global Change Biology, Wiley, Vol. 28, No. 9 ( 2022-05), p. 3110-3144
    Abstract: Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1‐km 2 resolution for 0–5 and 5–15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1‐km 2 pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world's major terrestrial biomes, and coarse‐grained air temperature estimates from ERA5‐Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean = 3.0 ± 2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 ± 2.3°C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (−0.7 ± 2.3°C). The observed substantial and biome‐specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near‐surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil‐related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-1013 , 1365-2486
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.v28.9
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16060
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020313-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SoilTemp: A global database of near‐surface temperature
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Global Change Biology Vol. 26, No. 11 ( 2020-11), p. 6616-6629
    Details
    In: Global Change Biology, Wiley, Vol. 26, No. 11 ( 2020-11), p. 6616-6629
    Abstract: Current analyses and predictions of spatially explicit patterns and processes in ecology most often rely on climate data interpolated from standardized weather stations. This interpolated climate data represents long‐term average thermal conditions at coarse spatial resolutions only. Hence, many climate‐forcing factors that operate at fine spatiotemporal resolutions are overlooked. This is particularly important in relation to effects of observation height (e.g. vegetation, snow and soil characteristics) and in habitats varying in their exposure to radiation, moisture and wind (e.g. topography, radiative forcing or cold‐air pooling). Since organisms living close to the ground relate more strongly to these microclimatic conditions than to free‐air temperatures, microclimatic ground and near‐surface data are needed to provide realistic forecasts of the fate of such organisms under anthropogenic climate change, as well as of the functioning of the ecosystems they live in. To fill this critical gap, we highlight a call for temperature time series submissions to SoilTemp, a geospatial database initiative compiling soil and near‐surface temperature data from all over the world. Currently, this database contains time series from 7,538 temperature sensors from 51 countries across all key biomes. The database will pave the way toward an improved global understanding of microclimate and bridge the gap between the available climate data and the climate at fine spatiotemporal resolutions relevant to most organisms and ecosystem processes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-1013 , 1365-2486
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.v26.11
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15123
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020313-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Right ventricular function and outcome in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging Vol. 22, No. 11 ( 2021-10-19), p. 1295-1303
    Details
    In: European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 22, No. 11 ( 2021-10-19), p. 1295-1303
    Abstract: Right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) on echocardiography has been shown to predict outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). However, a comparison with the gold standard, RV ejection fraction (EF) on cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), has never been performed. Methods and results Consecutive patients scheduled for TAVR underwent echocardiography and CMR. RV fractional area change (FAC), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, RV free-lateral-wall tissue Doppler (S’), and strain were assessed on echocardiography, and RVEF on CMR. Patients were prospectively followed. Adjusted regression analyses were used to report the strength of association per 1-SD decline for each RV function parameter with (i) N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, (ii) prolonged in-hospital stay ( & gt;14 days), and (iii) a composite of heart failure hospitalization and death. Two hundred and four patients (80.9 ± 6.6 y/o; 51% female; EuroSCORE-II: 6.3 ± 5.1%) were included. At a cross-sectional level, all RV function parameters were associated with NT-proBNP levels, but only FAC and RVEF were significantly associated with a prolonged in-hospital stay [adjusted odds ratio 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–3.21; P = 0.027 and 2.29, 95% CI 1.43–3.67; P = 0.001, respectively]. A total of 56 events occurred during follow-up (mean 13.7 ± 9.5 months). After adjustment for the EuroSCORE-II, only RVEF was significantly associated with the composite endpoint (adjusted hazard ratio 1.70, 95% CI 1.32–2.20; P  & lt; 0.001). Conclusion RVD as defined by echocardiography is associated with an advanced disease state but fails to predict outcomes after adjustment for pre-existing clinical risk factors in TAVR patients. In contrast, RVEF on CMR is independently associated with heart failure hospitalization and death.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2047-2404 , 2047-2412
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa342
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2042482-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2647943-6
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CT–MR image data fusion for computer-assisted navigated surgery of orbital tumors
    Elsevier BV ; 2010
    In:  European Journal of Radiology Vol. 73, No. 2 ( 2010-2), p. 224-229
    Details
    In: European Journal of Radiology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 73, No. 2 ( 2010-2), p. 224-229
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0720-048X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.11.003
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005350-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Light‐chain and transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis in severe aortic stenosis: prevalence, screening possibilities, and outcome
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  European Journal of Heart Failure Vol. 22, No. 10 ( 2020-10), p. 1852-1862
    Details
    In: European Journal of Heart Failure, Wiley, Vol. 22, No. 10 ( 2020-10), p. 1852-1862
    Abstract: Concomitant cardiac amyloidosis (CA) in severe aortic stenosis (AS) is difficult to recognize, since both conditions are associated with concentric left ventricular thickening. We aimed to assess type, frequency, screening parameters, and prognostic implications of CA in AS. Methods and results A total of 191 consecutive AS patients (81.2 ± 7.4 years; 50.3% female) scheduled for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) were prospectively enrolled. Overall, 81.7% underwent complete assessment including echocardiography with strain analysis, electrocardiography (ECG), cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), 99m Tc‐DPD scintigraphy, serum and urine free light chain measurement, and myocardial biopsy in immunoglobulin light chain (AL)‐CA. Voltage/mass ratio (VMR; Sokolow–Lyon index on ECG/left ventricular mass index) and stroke volume index (SVi) were tested as screening parameters. Receiver operating characteristic curve, binary logistic regression, and Kaplan–Meier curve analyses were performed. CA was found in 8.4% of patients ( n = 16); 15 had transthyretin (TTR)‐CA and one AL‐CA. While global longitudinal strain by echo did not reliably differentiate AS from CA‐AS [area under the curve (AUC) 0.643], VMR as well as SVi showed good discriminative power (AUC 0.770 and 0.773, respectively), which was comparable to extracellular volume by CMR (AUC 0.756). Also, VMR and SVi were independently associated with CA by multivariate logistic regression analysis ( P = 0.016 and P = 0.027, respectively). CA did not significantly affect survival 15.3 ± 7.9 months after TAVR ( P = 0.972). Conclusion Both TTR‐ and AL‐CA can accompany severe AS. Parameters solely based on ECG and echocardiography allow for the identification of the majority of CA‐AS. In the present cohort, CA did not significantly worsen prognosis 15.3 months after TAVR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-9842 , 1879-0844
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.v22.10
    DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1756
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1500332-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CT–MR image data fusion for computer assisted navigated neurosurgery of temporal bone tumors
    Elsevier BV ; 2007
    In:  European Journal of Radiology Vol. 62, No. 2 ( 2007-5), p. 192-198
    Details
    In: European Journal of Radiology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 62, No. 2 ( 2007-5), p. 192-198
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0720-048X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2006.11.029
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005350-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Toward digital histopathological assessment in surgery for central nervous system tumors using stimulated Raman histology
    Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG) ; 2022
    In:  Neurosurgical Focus Vol. 53, No. 6 ( 2022-12), p. E12-
    Details
    In: Neurosurgical Focus, Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG), Vol. 53, No. 6 ( 2022-12), p. E12-
    Abstract: Intraoperative neuropathological assessment with conventional frozen sections supports the neurosurgeon in optimizing the surgical strategy. However, preparation and review of frozen sections can take as long as 45 minutes. Stimulated Raman histology (SRH) was introduced as a novel technique to provide rapid high-resolution digital images of unprocessed tissue samples directly in the operating room that are comparable to conventional histopathological images. Additionally, SRH images are simultaneously and easily accessible for neuropathological judgment. Recently, the first study showed promising results regarding the accuracy and feasibility of SRH compared with conventional histopathology. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare SRH with conventional H & E images and frozen sections in a large cohort of patients with different suspected central nervous system (CNS) tumors. METHODS The authors included patients who underwent resection or stereotactic biopsy of suspected CNS neoplasm, including brain and spinal tumors. Intraoperatively, tissue samples were safely collected and SRH analysis was performed directly in the operating room. To enable optimal comparison of SRH with H & E images and frozen sections, the authors created a digital databank that included images obtained with all 3 imaging modalities. Subsequently, 2 neuropathologists investigated the diagnostic accuracy, tumor cellularity, and presence of diagnostic histopathological characteristics (score 0 [not present] through 3 [excellent] ) determined with SRH images and compared these data to those of H & E images and frozen sections, if available. RESULTS In total, 94 patients with various suspected CNS tumors were included, and the application of SRH directly in the operating room was feasible in all cases. The diagnostic accuracy based on SRH images was 99% when compared with the final histopathological diagnosis based on H & E images. Additionally, the same histopathological diagnosis was established in all SRH images (100%) when compared with that of the corresponding frozen sections. Moreover, the authors found a statistically significant correlation in tumor cellularity between SRH images and corresponding H & E images (p 〈 0.0005 and R = 0.867, Pearson correlation coefficient). Finally, excellent (score 3) or good (2) accordance between diagnostic histopathological characteristics and H & E images was present in 95% of cases. CONCLUSIONS The results of this retrospective analysis demonstrate the near-perfect diagnostic accuracy and capability of visualizing relevant histopathological characteristics with SRH compared with conventional H & E staining and frozen sections. Therefore, digital SRH histopathology seems especially useful for rapid intraoperative investigation to confirm the presence of diagnostic tumor tissue and the precise tumor entity, as well as to rapidly analyze multiple tissue biopsies from the suspected tumor margin. A real-time analysis comparing SRH images and conventional histological images at the time of surgery should be performed as the next step in future studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1092-0684
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3171/2022.9.FOCUS22429
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026589-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hemostasis activation in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery
    Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG) ; 1997
    In:  Neurosurgical Focus Vol. 2, No. 4 ( 1997-04), p. E7-
    Details
    In: Neurosurgical Focus, Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG), Vol. 2, No. 4 ( 1997-04), p. E7-
    Abstract: Patients undergoing brain tumor surgery are at high risk for the occurrence of a thromboembolic event. To identify a laboratory marker suitable for risk estimation the authors studied the perioperative time pattern of routine coagulation parameters and the specific hemostasis activation marker D-dimer in 28 consecutive patients at high risk (11 patients with glioma and eight patients with menigioma) and low risk (9 patients with metastases) for thromboembolism, as previously reported. As is typical during major surgery, most of the routine parameters declined, probably because of hemodilution, and recovered postoperatively to values higher than baseline, probably because of an acute-phase reaction. On Days 2 and 7 after surgery no difference in the routine parameters was recorded between patients at high (meningioma and glioma) and low risk (metastases). The level of D-dimer was elevated at baseline in patients with metastases, indicating a hemostatic hyperactivity that is usual in cancer patients. During surgery a marked increase in D-dimer levels occurred in patients with meningioma and glioma (pre- and postoperative median 90/2000 and 100/1020 ng/ml, respectively), but the increase was less pronounced in patients with metastases (320/660 ng/ml). Postoperatively, D-dimer declined in patients with metastases to lower levels than preoperatively (Day 7, 270 ng/ml); in patients with meningioma or glioma, however, D-dimer levels remained elevated until Day 7 (450 and 200 ng/ml). These results indicate that levels of D-dimer correlate with the reported high risk for thromboembolism in patients with meningioma and glioma, and D-dimer should be evaluated for its use in estimating individual risk and the efficiency of its use in the control of prophylactic treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1092-0684
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3171/foc.1997.2.4.8
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)
    Publication Date: 1997
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026589-X
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Endolymphatic sac tumor and angiomatous lesions of the nasal and pharyngeal mucosa as a first manifestation of von Hippel-Lindau disease
    Wiley ; 2012
    In:  The Laryngoscope Vol. 122, No. 10 ( 2012-10), p. 2300-2303
    Details
    In: The Laryngoscope, Wiley, Vol. 122, No. 10 ( 2012-10), p. 2300-2303
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0023-852X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/lary.v122.10
    DOI: 10.1002/lary.23438
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026089-1
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prasugrel in critically ill patients
    Georg Thieme Verlag KG ; 2017
    In:  Thrombosis and Haemostasis Vol. 117, No. 08 ( 2017-06), p. 1582-1587
    Details
    In: Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Georg Thieme Verlag KG, Vol. 117, No. 08 ( 2017-06), p. 1582-1587
    Abstract: While prasugrel is indicated for the treatment of myocardial infarction, its effects in the most severely affected patients requiring intensive care is unknown, so that we measured the antiplatelet effects and sparse pharmacokinetics of prasugrel in critically ill patients. Twenty-three patients admitted to medical intensive care units, who were treated with 10 mg prasugrel once daily, were included in this prospective trial. Critically ill patients responded poorly to daily prasugrel treatment: adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced aggregation in whole blood classified 65 % (95 % confidence intervals (CI) 43–84 %) of patients as having high on treatment platelet reactivity, platelet function under high shear rates even 74 % (95 %CI 52–90 %). There was only limited additional inhibition provided 2 hours after the next dose of prasugrel. In contrast, insufficient inhibition of the target was only seen in 26 % (95 %CI 10–48 %) of patients as measured by the vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation (VASP-P) assay. Low effective plasma levels of prasugrel active metabolite were measured at trough [0.5 (quartiles 0.5–1.1) ng/ml at baseline], and 2 hours after intake [5.7 (3.8–9.8) ng/ml] , but showed coefficients of variation of ~70 %. In sum, inhibition of platelet aggregation by prasugrel is not uniform but highly variable in critically ill patients, similar to clopidogrel in a general population. The pharmacokinetic measurements indicate that poor absorption/metabolism of prasugrel may partly contribute while inflammation induced heightened intrinsic platelet reactivity may also play a role. Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com. Note: This work was performed at the Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0340-6245 , 2567-689X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1160/TH17-03-0154
    Language: English
    Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publication Date: 2017
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