In:
American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, American Physiological Society, Vol. 317, No. 3 ( 2019-09-01), p. C405-C419
Abstract:
In vitro, cell cultures are essential tools in the study of intestinal function and disease. For the past few decades, monolayer cellular cultures, such as cancer cell lines or immortalized cell lines, have been widely applied in gastrointestinal research. Recently, the development of three-dimensional cultures known as organoids has permitted the growth of normal crypt-villus units that recapitulate many aspects of intestinal physiology. Organoid culturing has also been applied to study gastrointestinal diseases, intestinal-microbe interactions, and colorectal cancer. These models are amenable to CRISPR gene editing and drug treatments, including high-throughput small-molecule testing. Three-dimensional intestinal cultures have been transplanted into mice to develop versatile in vivo models of intestinal disease, particularly cancer. Limitations of currently available organoid models include cost and challenges in modeling nonepithelial intestinal cells, such as immune cells and the microbiota. Here, we describe the development of organoid models of intestinal biology and the applications of organoids for study of the pathophysiology of intestinal diseases and cancer.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
0363-6143
,
1522-1563
DOI:
10.1152/ajpcell.00300.2017
Language:
English
Publisher:
American Physiological Society
Publication Date:
2019
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1477334-X
SSG:
12
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