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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1988
    In:  Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union Vol. 69, No. 23 ( 1988-06-07), p. 641-641
    In: Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 69, No. 23 ( 1988-06-07), p. 641-641
    Abstract: Doug MacAyeal is one of the foremost scientists working on ice sheet glaciology. He has focused attention on problems that are critical to ice sheet response to climate change and has developed a powerful capability to develop realistic theoretical models of phenomena of which he has first‐hand experience. I met Doug 12 years ago at the University of Maine, where I was seeking a graduate assistant to work with me, measuring patterns of ice deformation in order to investigate the role of the Ross Ice Shelf in regulating ice discharge from the Antarctic ice sheet. I had only recently arrived in Maine, and I have to confess that I expected little more than to find an eager, strong young chap to help out with the field work. I expected to rely on my own meager resources to interpret the data that we would acquire. But instead, the first student I interviewed was Doug—a highly qualified physics graduate from Brown University. He had already developed a catastrophe model of paleoclimate in which global ice cover played a key role. It need hardly be said that I interviewed no others.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0096-3941 , 2324-9250
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1988
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2118760-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 240154-X
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1986
    In:  Paleoceanography Vol. 1, No. 3 ( 1986-09), p. 313-337
    In: Paleoceanography, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 1, No. 3 ( 1986-09), p. 313-337
    Abstract: We examine the controversial issue of whether or not an integrated ice shelf existed in the Norwegian and Greenland seas during glacial events of the Pleistocene. Our method consists of testing for equilibrium ice shelf configurations with the use of a finite element model that predicts ice shelf evolution under a variety of atmospheric and oceanic forcing conditions. Ice flow at the margins of the simulated hypothetical ice shelf is determined from one of Denton and Hughes' (1981) reconstructions of continental glaciation applicable to the last glacial maximum. Our results suggest that the existence of the ice shelf, and possibly surrounding marine‐based ice sheets, depends most sensitively on oceanic heat flux. A heat flux of approximately 4.80 J m −2 s −1 , corresponding to an area‐average basal melting rate of 0.50 m a −1 (ice equivalent), is near the upper limit allowing ice shelf equilibrium. Greater heat flux is found to cause an initial 450‐m‐thick ice shelf to rapidly collapse. The equilibrium ice shelf configurations examined provide effective buttressing support for the marine ice sheet grounded in the Barents Sea 18 kyr B.P. Tests confirming the existence of ice shelf cover in the Norwegian and Greenland seas are possible through a comparison of the sedimentary record of ice‐rafted debris with ice shelf flow patterns deduced from our simulations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0883-8305 , 1944-9186
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1986
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2015231-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2916554-4
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International Glaciological Society ; 1980
    In:  Journal of Glaciology Vol. 25, No. 91 ( 1980), p. 47-60
    In: Journal of Glaciology, International Glaciological Society, Vol. 25, No. 91 ( 1980), p. 47-60
    Abstract: Das Kriechen von Eis, geothermischer Wärmefluss auf Roosvelt Island, Antarktis. Messungen der Eisgeschwindigkeit, der Eisdicke und der Oberflächentopographie auf der grossen Eisaufwölbung, die als Roosevelt Island bekannt ist, sind konsistent mit Glen’s Fliessgesetz , für Werte von τ zwischen 5 × 10 4 N m –2 und 1,4 × 10 5 N m –2; für eine Abhahme von n bei niedrigem Druck gibt as keine Anzeichen. Wenn n = 3 ist, muss das Eis gegen den Rand der Aufwöilbung hin weicher werden, vermutlich eine Folge der Erwärmung und Rekristallisation, was zu einem scherempfindlichen Gefüge führt. Unter der Annahme, dass sich das Eis nahe dem Scheitel der Aufwölbung, wo die Wirkung der Rekristallisation vermutlich vernachlässigbar ist, das Eis so verhält wie zufallsorientiertes polykristallines Eis, beträgt der geothermische Wärmefluss G in diesem Gebiet annähernd 0,06 Wm −2 . Infolge des Fehlens von Temperaturmessungen in der Tiefe des Eises kann die Verteilung von G über die Aufwölbung hin nicht bestimmt werden. Doch führt die einfachste Deutung der Bewegungsdaten auf folgende Erfordernisse: (1) eine lineare Zunahme des Wertes G von 0,05 W m –2 an der Nordostseite von Roosevelt Island auf 0,07 W m –2 im Südwesten. (2) Zunahme der Verformungsrate infolge von Rekristallisation vom Scheitel der Aufwölbung nach aussen bis zu einem Maximalwert von etwa zwei nahe am Rand. Der für G berechnete Wert ist grösser als das globale Mittel, doch dies kann mit dem vermutlich granitenen Kern unter Roosevelt Island erklärt werden. Eine Zunahme um 0,02 W m –2 auf eine Entfernung von 60 km würde eine Zunahme der Granitdicke um etwa 5 km erfordern.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    Language: English
    Publisher: International Glaciological Society
    Publication Date: 1980
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    SSG: 14
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  • 4
    In: Journal of Glaciology, Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Abstract: The once-contiguous Ellesmere Ice Shelf, first reported in writing by European explorers in 1876, and now almost completely disintegrated, has rolling, wave-like surface topography, the origin of which we investigate using a viscous buckling instability analysis. We show that rolls can develop during a winter season (~ 100 d) if sea-ice pressure (depth-integrated horizontal stress applied to the seaward front of the Ellesmere Ice Shelf) is sufficiently large (1 MPa m) and ice thickness sufficiently low (1–10 m). Roll wavelength initially depends only on sea-ice pressure, but evolves over time depending on amplitude growth rate. This implies that a thinner ice shelf, with its faster amplitude growth rate, will have a shorter wavelength compared to a thicker ice shelf when sea-ice pressure is equal. A drawback of the viscous buckling mechanism is that roll amplitude decays once sea-ice pressure is removed. However, non-Newtonian ice rheology, where effective viscosity, and thus roll change rate, depends on total applied stress may constrain roll decay rate to be much slower than growth rate and allow roll persistence from year to year. Whether the viscous-buckling mechanism we explore here ultimately can be confirmed as the origin of the Ellesmere Ice Shelf rolls remains for future research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
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    SSG: 14
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2005
    In:  Cold Regions Science and Technology Vol. 42, No. 2 ( 2005-7), p. 145-168
    In: Cold Regions Science and Technology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 42, No. 2 ( 2005-7), p. 145-168
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0165-232X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496883-6
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International Glaciological Society ; 1990
    In:  Annals of Glaciology Vol. 14 ( 1990), p. 183-185
    In: Annals of Glaciology, International Glaciological Society, Vol. 14 ( 1990), p. 183-185
    Abstract: Temperature and pressure changes within subglacial sediments caused by déglaciation favor a phase change from methane hydrate to methane gas. If released to the atmosphere, this gas could have contributed significantly to the increased atmospheric methane concentration during interglacial periods. Using a numerical reconstruction of sediment temperatures and ice-sheet loads, the total sediment volume in the Eurasian Arctic that is subject to this phase change is estimated to be 2.8 × 10 14 m 3 .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0260-3055 , 1727-5644
    Language: English
    Publisher: International Glaciological Society
    Publication Date: 1990
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2122400-6
    SSG: 14
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 1993
    In:  Nature Vol. 365, No. 6443 ( 1993-9), p. 214-215
    In: Nature, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 365, No. 6443 ( 1993-9), p. 214-215
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-0836 , 1476-4687
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 1993
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 120714-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1413423-8
    SSG: 11
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1980
    In:  Journal of Glaciology Vol. 25, No. 91 ( 1980), p. 47-60
    In: Journal of Glaciology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 25, No. 91 ( 1980), p. 47-60
    Abstract: Measurements of ice velocity, thickness, and surface topography on the large ice rise known as Roosevelt Island are consistent with Glen’s flow law, , for values of τ between 5 × 10 4 N m –2 and 1.4 × 10 5 N m –2 , and there is no indication of a reduction in n at low stresses. If n = 3 there must be progressive softening of the ice towards the edge of the ice rise, and this probably represents the combined effects of warming and recrystallization leading to a fabric favoring shear. Assuming that near the centre of the ice rise, where the effects of recrystallization are probably negligible, the ice behaves in the same way as randomly-oriented polycrystalline ice, then the geothermal flux G in this area is approximately 0.06 W m –2 . In the absence of measurements of deep-ice temperatures, the distribution of G across the ice rise cannot be determined. However, the simplest interpretation of the movement data requires: (1) a linear increase in G from 0.05 W m –2 on the north-east side of Roosevelt Island to 0.07 W m –2 in the south-west, and (2) strain-rate enhancement, due to recrystallization, that increases outward from the centre of the ice rise to reach a maximum value of approximately two near the edges. The calculated values of G are larger than the world average, but this is consistent with the probably granitic core beneath Roosevelt Island. An increase in G of 0.02 W m –2 in a distance of 60 km would require an increase in granite thickness of about 5 km.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 1980
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2140541-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International Glaciological Society ; 1990
    In:  Annals of Glaciology Vol. 14 ( 1990), p. 183-185
    In: Annals of Glaciology, International Glaciological Society, Vol. 14 ( 1990), p. 183-185
    Abstract: Temperature and pressure changes within subglacial sediments caused by déglaciation favor a phase change from methane hydrate to methane gas. If released to the atmosphere, this gas could have contributed significantly to the increased atmospheric methane concentration during interglacial periods. Using a numerical reconstruction of sediment temperatures and ice-sheet loads, the total sediment volume in the Eurasian Arctic that is subject to this phase change is estimated to be 2.8 × 10 14 m 3 .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0260-3055 , 1727-5644
    Language: English
    Publisher: International Glaciological Society
    Publication Date: 1990
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2122400-6
    SSG: 14
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  • 10
    In: The Planetary Science Journal, American Astronomical Society, Vol. 4, No. 5 ( 2023-05-01), p. 79-
    Abstract: In this paper, we present an open-source software (Simulator of Asteroid Malformation Under Stress, SAMUS ) that simulates constant-density, constant-viscosity liquid bodies subject to tidal forces for a range of assumed viscosities and sizes. This software solves the Navier–Stokes equations on a finite-element mesh, incorporating the centrifugal, Coriolis, self-gravitational, and tidal forces. The primary functionality is to simulate the deformation of minor bodies under the influence of tidal forces. It may therefore be used to constrain the composition and physical structure of bodies experiencing significant tidal forces, such as 99942 Apophis and 1I/‘Oumuamua. We demonstrate that SAMUS will be useful to constrain the material properties of Apophis during its near-Earth flyby in 2029. Depending on the material properties, Apophis may experience an area change of up to 0.5%, with similar effects on the photometric brightness. We also apply SAMUS to constrain the material dynamic viscosity of 1I/‘Oumuamua, the first interstellar object discovered traversing the inner solar system. ‘Oumuamua experienced a close approach to the Sun at perihelion ( q ≃ 0.25 au) during which there were significant tidal forces that may have caused deformation of the body. This deformation could have lead to observable changes in the photometric light curve based on the material properties. The application of SAMUS to produce synthetic observations which incorporate tidal deformation effects demonstrates that no deformation—an infinite dynamic viscosity—best reproduces the photometric data. While these results indicate that ‘Oumuamua did not experience significant tidal deformation, a sophisticated model incorporating nonprincipal axis rotation is necessary to conclusively analyze both ‘Oumuamua and Apophis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2632-3338
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Astronomical Society
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3021068-9
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