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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Psychological distress and social support among conflict refugees in urban, semi-rural and rural settlements in Uganda: burden and associations
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Conflict and Health Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2022-12)
    Details
    In: Conflict and Health, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2022-12)
    Abstract: Recent research shows that psychological distress is on the rise globally as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and restrictions imposed on populations to manage it. We studied the association between psychological distress and social support among conflict refugees in urban, semi-rural and rural settlements in Uganda during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Cross-sectional survey data on psychological distress, social support, demographics, socio-economic and behavioral variables was gathered from 1014 adult refugees randomly sampled from urban, semi-rural and rural refugee settlements in Uganda, using two-staged cluster sampling. Data was analyzed in SPSS-version 22, and statistical significance was assumed at p   〈  0.05. Results Refugees resident in rural/semi-rural settlements exhibited higher levels of psychological distress [F(2, 1011) = 47.91; p   〈  0.001], higher availability of social interaction [F(2, 1011) = 82.24; p   〈  0.001], lower adequacy of social interaction [F(2, 1011) = 54.11; p   〈  0.001], higher availability of social attachment [F(2, 1011) = 47.95; p   〈  0.001], and lower adequacy of social attachment [F(2, 1011) = 50.54; p   〈  0.001] than peers in urban settlements. Adequacy of social interaction significantly explained variations in psychological distress levels overall and consistently across settlements, after controlling for plausible confounders. Additionally, adequacy of social attachment significantly explained variations in psychological distress levels among refugees in rural settlements, after controlling for plausible confounders. Conclusion There is a settlement-inequality (i.e. rural vs. urban) in psychological distress and social support among conflict refugees in Uganda. To address psychological distress, Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Services (MHPSS) should focus on strategies which strengthen the existing social networks among refugees. Variations in social support are a key predictor of distress which should guide tailored need-adapted interventions instead of duplicating similar and generic interventions across diverse refugee settlements.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1752-1505
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s13031-022-00451-3
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    COVID-19 risk behaviors in humanitarian settings: a cross-sectional study among conflict refugees in Uganda
    Medip Academy ; 2021
    In:  International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2021-04-27), p. 2132-
    Details
    In: International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, Medip Academy, Vol. 8, No. 5 ( 2021-04-27), p. 2132-
    Abstract: Background: Worldwide, behavioral change interventions are at the core of prevention efforts to contain the novel Corona Virus (COVID-19). While the evidence base to inform such interventions in the general population is growing, equivocal research in humanitarian populations is lacking. The current study describes the nature, extent and predictors of COVID-19 risk behaviors among conflict refugees in Uganda in a bid to inform prevention strategies for humanitarian settings.Methods: Cross-sectional survey data on COVID-19 risk-behaviors, demographic, socio-economic, behavioral and clinical variables was gathered from 1014 adult refugees drawn from 3 refugee settlements in Uganda, using two-staged cluster sampling. Data was analyzed using t-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Multivariable Linear Regression.Results: Many refugees (25-70%) were involved in hygiene, congestion and nutritional/physical activity related risk behaviors likely to contribute to community transmission of COVID-19. Refugees living in rural settlements, of male sex, young age and low socio-economic status were at heightened risk of exposure to COVID-19 risk behaviors. Physical activity and healthy nutritional practices reduced the likelihood of COVID-19 risk behavior. Indulgence in COVID-19 risk behaviors increased the risk of developing COVID-19 symptoms. Conclusions: COVID-19 risk behaviors among conflict refugees in Uganda are multifaceted in nature, widespread in extent and associated with symptom development, signaling for high risk for COVID-19 transmission in humanitarian settings. The data on predictors of COVID-19 risk behaviors have unmasked underlying inequalities, holding promise for development of evidence-based interventions to meet the needs of most vulnerable clusters in the refugee community.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2394-6040 , 2394-6032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20211729
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Medip Academy
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Healthworker preparedness for COVID-19 management and implementation experiences: a mixed methods study in Uganda’s refugee-hosting districts
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Conflict and Health Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2021-11-03)
    Details
    In: Conflict and Health, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2021-11-03)
    Abstract: The negative impact of COVID-19 on population health outcomes raises critical questions on health system preparedness and resilience, especially in resource-limited settings. This study examined healthworker preparedness for COVID-19 management and implementation experiences in Uganda’s refugee-hosting districts. Methods A cross sectional, mixed-method descriptive study in 17 health facilities in 7 districts from 4 major regions. Total sample size was 485 including  〉  370 health care workers (HCWs). HCW knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) was assessed by using a pre-validated questionnaire. The quantitative data was processed and analysed using SPSS 26, and statistical significance assumed at p   〈  0.05 for all statistical tests. Bloom's cutoff of 80% was used to determine threshold for sufficient knowledge level and practices with scores classified as high (80.0–100.0%), average (60.0–79.0%) and low (≤ 59.0%). HCW implementation experiences and key stakeholder opinions were further explored qualitatively using interviews which were audio-recorded, coded and thematically analysed. Results On average 71% of HCWs were knowledgeable on the various aspects of COVID-19, although there is a wide variation in knowledge. Awareness of symptoms ranked highest among 95% ( p value  〈  0.0001) of HCWs while awareness of the criteria for intubation for COVID-19 patients ranked lowest with only 35% ( p value  〈  0.0001). Variations were noted on falsehoods about COVID-19 causes, prevention and treatment across Central ( p value  〈  0.0356) and West Nile ( p value  〈  0.0161) regions. Protective practices include adequate ventilation, virtual meetings and HCW training. Deficient practices were around psychosocial and lifestyle support, remote working and contingency plans for HCW safety. The work environment has immensely changed with increased demands on the amount of work, skills and variation in nature of work. HCWs reported moderate control over their work environment but with a high level of support from supervisors (88%) and colleagues (93%). Conclusions HCWs preparedness is inadequate in some aspects. Implementation of healthcare interventions is constrained by the complexity of Uganda’s health system design, top-down approach of the national response to COVID-19 and longstanding health system bottlenecks. We recommend continuous information sharing on COVID-19, a design review with capacity strengthening at all health facility levels and investing in community-facing strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1752-1505
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s13031-021-00415-z
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    COVID-19 and the law in Uganda: a case study on development and application of the public health act from 2020 to 2021
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  BMC Public Health Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2023-04-25)
    Details
    In: BMC Public Health, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2023-04-25)
    Abstract: Despite the discovery of vaccines, the control, and prevention of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) relied on non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). This article describes the development and application of the Public Health Act to implement NPIs for COVID-19 pandemic control in Uganda. Methods This is a case study of Uganda’s experience with enacting COVID-19 Rules under the Public Health Act Cap. 281. The study assessed how and what Rules were developed, their influence on the outbreak progress, and litigation. The data sources reviewed were applicable laws and policies, Presidential speeches, Cabinet resolutions, statutory instruments, COVID-19 situation reports, and the registry of court cases that contributed to a triangulated analysis. Results Uganda applied four COVID-19 broad Rules for the period March 2020 to October 2021. The Minister of Health enacted the Rules, which response teams, enforcement agencies, and the general population followed. The Presidential speeches, their expiry period and progress of the pandemic curve led to amendment of the Rules twenty one (21) times. The Uganda Peoples Defense Forces Act No. 7 of 2005, the Public Finance Management Act No. 3 of 2015, and the National Policy for Disaster Preparedness and Management supplemented the enacted COVID-19 Rules. However, these Rules attracted specific litigation due to perceived infringement on certain human rights provisions. Conclusions Countries can enact supportive legislation within the course of an outbreak. The balance of enforcing public health interventions and human rights infringements is an important consideration in future. We recommend public sensitization about legislative provisions and reforms to guide public health responses in future outbreaks or pandemics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1471-2458
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15555-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041338-5
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