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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Links Between the Microbiome and Bone
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Vol. 31, No. 9 ( 2016-09), p. 1638-1646
    Details
    In: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 9 ( 2016-09), p. 1638-1646
    Abstract: The human microbiome has been shown to influence a number of chronic conditions associated with impaired bone mass and bone quality, including obesity, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel disease. The connection between the microbiome and bone health, however, has not been well studied. The few studies available demonstrate that the microbiome can have a large effect on bone remodeling and bone mass. The gut microbiome is the largest reservoir of microbial organisms in the body and consists of more than a thousand different species interacting with one another in a stable, dynamic equilibrium. How the microbiome can affect organs distant from the gut is not well understood but is believed to occur through regulation of nutrition, regulation of the immune system, and/or translocation of bacterial products across the gut endothelial barrier. Here we review each of these mechanisms and discuss their potential effect on bone remodeling and bone mass. We discuss how preclinical studies of bone‐microbiome interactions are challenging because the microbiome is sensitive to genetic background, housing environment, and vendor source. Additionally, although the microbiome exhibits a robust response to external stimuli, it rapidly returns to its original steady state after a disturbance, making it difficult to sustain controlled changes in the microbiome over time periods required to detect alterations in bone remodeling, mass, or structure. Despite these challenges, an understanding of the mechanisms by which the gut microbiome affects bone has the potential to provide insights into the dissociation between fracture risk and bone mineral density in patients including those with obesity, diabetes, or inflammatory bowel disease. In addition, alteration of the gut microbiome has the potential to serve as a biomarker of bone metabolic activity as well as a target for therapies to improve bone structure and quality using pharmaceutical agents or pre‐ or probiotics. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0884-0431 , 1523-4681
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.v31.9
    DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2887
    RVK:
    XA 52230
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008867-X
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  • 2
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    Immunomodulatory nanogels overcome restricted immunity in a murine model of gut microbiome–mediated metabolic syndrome
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2019
    In:  Science Advances Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2019-03)
    Details
    In: Science Advances, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2019-03)
    Abstract: Biomaterials-based nanovaccines, such as those made of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), can induce stronger immunity than soluble antigens in healthy wild-type mouse models. However, whether metabolic syndrome can influence the immunological responses of nanovaccines remains poorly understood. Here, we first show that alteration in the sensing of the gut microbiome through Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and the resulting metabolic syndrome in TLR5 −/− mice diminish the germinal center immune response induced by PLGA nanovaccines. The PLGA nanovaccines, unexpectedly, further changed gut microbiota. By chronically treating mice with antibiotics, we show that disrupting gut microbiome leads to poor vaccine response in an obesity-independent manner. We next demonstrate that the low immune response can be rescued by an immunomodulatory Pyr-pHEMA nanogel vaccine, which functions through TLR2 stimulation, enhanced trafficking, and induced stronger germinal center response than alum-supplemented PLGA nanovaccines. The study highlights the potential for immunomodulation under gut-mediated metabolic syndrome conditions using advanced nanomaterials.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2375-2548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav9788
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2810933-8
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  • 3
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    Evaluation of Ovarian Reserve in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis
    Knowledge E DMCC ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Family & Reproductive Health ( 2021-11-29)
    Details
    In: Journal of Family & Reproductive Health, Knowledge E DMCC, ( 2021-11-29)
    Abstract: Objective: Subfertility is commonly observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although the causes are not well established, the alteration of the ovarian reserve is thought to contribute to the lower chances of pregnancy. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the ovarian reserve in patients with RA. Materials and methods: Two parameters associated with ovarian reserves such as the antral follicle count (AFC) and the anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) were assessed in 38 patients with RA. We also analyzed the correlation of these parameters with the medication used to treat this pathology and with the illness severity. Results: The AMH levels in women with RA were comparable to those found on healthy individuals although the RA patients were more likely to have a low AFC. Ovarian reserve and RA were neither influenced by parameters of disease activity nor by the use of medication. Conclusion: The ovarian reserve in women with RA was similar to that found in healthy individuals.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1735-9392 , 1735-8949
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18502/jfrh.v15i4.7889
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Knowledge E DMCC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2571523-9
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  • 4
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    Evaluation of the Ovarian Reserve in Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
    Knowledge E DMCC ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Family & Reproductive Health ( 2021-04-21)
    Details
    In: Journal of Family & Reproductive Health, Knowledge E DMCC, ( 2021-04-21)
    Abstract: Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multisystem autoimmune disorder where the disease activity itself and the medications used for its treatment, may have adverse effects on ovarian function. This study aimed to assess the ovarian reserve (OR) in SLE patients. Materials and methods: The anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) and the antral follicle count (AFC), two markers to evaluate the OR was assessed in 64 SLE patients and compared to normal individuals. Additionally, we assessed whether the disease per se or the pharmacological treatments affect the OR. Results: Patients with SLE displayed alterations in the OR regardless of the presence of alterations of the menstrual cycle. The AFC and AMH were significantly lower in SLE patients with and without menstrual alterations when compared to control individuals (p 〈 0.0001). However, the AFC and AMH levels were significantly correlated (p=0.006) in the SLE patients with menstrual alterations. Except for hydroxychloroquine that was statistically higher in SLE patients with menstrual alterations (p=0.04), the cumulative dose for cyclophosphamide, corticosteroid, and methotrexate was similar in SLE patients regardless of the occurrence of menstrual alterations. Conclusion: The monitoring of AMH and AFC in SLE patients should be used to detect the rapid and irreversible decline of the OR to provide a possibility of pregnancy to the SLE patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1735-9392 , 1735-8949
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18502/jfrh.v15i1.6076
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Knowledge E DMCC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2571523-9
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  • 5
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    Obesity and load‐induced posttraumatic osteoarthritis in the absence of fracture or surgical trauma
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Orthopaedic Research Vol. 39, No. 5 ( 2021-05), p. 1007-1016
    Details
    In: Journal of Orthopaedic Research, Wiley, Vol. 39, No. 5 ( 2021-05), p. 1007-1016
    Abstract: Osteoarthritis is increasingly viewed as a heterogeneous disease with multiple phenotypic subgroups. Obesity enhances joint degeneration in mouse models of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Most models of PTOA involve damage to surrounding tissues caused by surgery/fracture; it is unclear if obesity enhances cartilage degeneration in the absence of surgery/fracture. We used a nonsurgical animal model of load‐induced PTOA to determine the effect of obesity on cartilage degeneration 2 weeks after loading. Cartilage degeneration was caused by a single bout of cyclic tibial loading at either a high or moderate load magnitude in adult male mice with severe obesity (C57Bl6/J + high‐fat diet), mild obesity (toll‐like receptor 5 deficient mouse [TLR5KO]), or normal adiposity (C57Bl6/J mice + normal diet and TLR5KO mice in which obesity was prevented by manipulation of the gut microbiome). Two weeks after loading, cartilage degeneration occurred in limbs loaded at a high magnitude, as determined by OARSI scores ( P   〈  .001). However, the severity of cartilage damage did not differ among groups. Osteophyte width and synovitis of loaded limbs did not differ among groups. Furthermore, obesity did not enhance cartilage damage in limbs evaluated 6 weeks after loading. Constituents of the gut microbiota differed among groups. Our findings suggest that, in the absence of surgery/fracture, obesity may not influence cartilage loss after a single mechanical insult, suggesting that either damage to surrounding tissues or repeated mechanical insult is necessary for obesity to influence cartilage degeneration. These findings further illustrate heterogeneity in PTOA phenotypes and complex interactions between mechanical/metabolic factors in cartilage loss.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0736-0266 , 1554-527X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jor.v39.5
    DOI: 10.1002/jor.24799
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2050452-4
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  • 6
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    Disruption of the Gut Microbiome Increases the Risk of Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Mice
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2019
    In:  Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research Vol. 477, No. 11 ( 2019-11), p. 2588-2598
    Details
    In: Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 477, No. 11 ( 2019-11), p. 2588-2598
    Abstract: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most devastating complications of total joint arthroplasty. Given the mortality and morbidity associated with PJI and the challenges in treating it, there has been increased interest in risk factors that can be modified before surgery. In this study, we used a novel mouse model to consider the role of the gut microbiome as a risk factor for PJI. Questions/purposes (1) Does the state of the gut microbiota before surgery influence the likelihood of developing an established infection in a mouse model of PJI? (2) How does the state of the gut microbiota before surgery influence the local and systemic response to the presence of an established infection in a mouse model of PJI? Methods Male C57Bl/6 mice were divided into two groups: those with modified microbiome ∆microbiome (n = 40) and untreated mice (n = 42). In ∆microbiome mice, the gut flora were modified using oral neomycin and ampicillin from 4 weeks to 16 weeks of age. Mice received a titanium tibial implant to mimic a joint implant and a local inoculation of Staphylococcus aureus in the synovial space (10 2 colony forming units [CFUs]). The proportion of animals developing an established infection in each group was determined by CFU count. The local and systemic response to established infection was determined using CFU counts in surrounding joint tissues, analysis of gait, radiographs, body weight, serum markers of inflammation, and immune cell profiles and was compared with animals that received the inoculation but resisted infection. Results A greater proportion of animals with disrupted gut microbiota had infection (29 of 40 [73%]) than did untreated animals (21 of 42 [50%] ; odds ratio, 2.63, 95% CI, 1.04–6.61; p = 0.035). The immune response to established infection in mice with altered microbiota was muted; serum amyloid A, a marker of systemic infection in mice, was greater than in mice with disrupted gut microbiota with infection (689 µg/dL; range, 68–2437 µg/dL, p 〈 0.05); infection associated increases in monocytes and neutrophils in the spleen and local lymph node in untreated mice but not were not observed in mice with disrupted gut microbiota. Conclusions The findings from this in vivo mouse model suggest that the gut microbiota may influence susceptibility to PJI. Clinical Relevance These preclinical findings support the idea that the state of the gut microbiome before surgery may influence the development of PJI and justify further preclinical and clinical studies to develop appropriate microbiome-based interventions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-921X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/CORR.0000000000000851
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2018318-5
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  • 7
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    Composting as an Alternative for the Treatment of Solid Waste from the Kraft Pulp Industry
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Agronomy Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2023-04-12), p. 1099-
    Details
    In: Agronomy, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2023-04-12), p. 1099-
    Abstract: The increasing industrial pulp production has led to a negative growth of the associated solid wastes, thus making necessary alternative ways of handling them in suitable sanitary landfills to minimize adverse effects on the environment and well-being of people. Solid waste treatment prior to its disposal is a target to minimize pollution of the natural resources (air, soil, water) due to accidental leaching. This paper aims to determine better experimental conditions in the container to develop an optimal composting design for pulp solid wastes. For this, an experimental methodology is introduced. This paper presents the results about the influence of independent control variables (grits addition and composting process time) on dependent variables (chemical and biological), for which a composting design was used, and a face-centered central composite factor was applied. The results showed mature compost over 60-day treatment, with the following experimental observations (i) the grits addition did not decrease the pH in the first stage of the composting process; and (ii) the microbial activities were high during the active stage of the composting progress and evolved to stable, lower values together with a proper trend of N–NH4+ and N–NO3− at the end. Grits addition of around 6% is the optimal experimental amount to use for the composting process of the secondary sludge from the Kraft mill industry. In conclusion, treating secondary sludges and grit residues from the Kraft mill industry to produce compost is feasible and sustainable. This action reduces the environmental pollution risk (evidenced by soil pH change and possible water pollution) and improves the soil assimilation capability of inorganic micronutrients and organic compounds after application. Thus, the controlled waste reuse will pass from a negative input to the environment to a positive, sustainable solution, which can be used as a soil-nutrient improver in agriculture.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4395
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agronomy13041099
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2607043-1
    SSG: 23
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  • 8
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    Geographical distribution of Lasaia Bates, 1868 (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) across the biogeographical provinces of Mexico
    Magnolia Press ; 2019
    In:  Zootaxa Vol. 4656, No. 2 ( 2019-08-14)
    Details
    In: Zootaxa, Magnolia Press, Vol. 4656, No. 2 ( 2019-08-14)
    Abstract: Riodinidae are one of the most diverse families of Lepidoptera, mainly in the Neotropical region; however, their biology, ethology, taxonomy, systematics, and biogeography are poorly known. In Mexico, the regional and local distributions of the family are still incomplete. We review the distributional data of the genus Lasaia Bates (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), based on records from four national and seven international collections. We record five species and seven subspecies in Mexico, with 2722 records, distributed in 314 localities of 24 states. The states with higher species richness are Chiapas, Oaxaca, and Veracruz; also, the genus was recorded in 11 of the 14 biogeographical provinces of Mexico. The tropical semi-deciduous and deciduous forests, below of 1000 m a.s.l., contain most of the diversity of Lasaia. Historical data are crucial for the study of local and regional diversity and ecological patterns at large temporal scales. Data presented here show the morphological and ecological variation of Lasaia over the last 80 years, mostly from the XX century when anthropogenic disturbances were intensified. This kind of studies is the first step in recording the historical distribution of these taxa, which will lead to more complex analyses on distribution range shifts, their causes and consequences. 
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1175-5334 , 1175-5326
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2
    DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.3
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Magnolia Press
    Publication Date: 2019
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
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    Alterations to the Gut Microbiome Impair Bone Strength and Tissue Material Properties
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Vol. 32, No. 6 ( 2017-06), p. 1343-1353
    Details
    In: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Wiley, Vol. 32, No. 6 ( 2017-06), p. 1343-1353
    Abstract: Alterations in the gut microbiome have been associated with changes in bone mass and microstructure, but the effects of the microbiome on bone biomechanical properties are not known. Here we examined bone strength under two conditions of altered microbiota: (1) an inbred mouse strain known to develop an altered gut microbiome due to deficits in the immune system (the Toll‐like receptor 5–deficient mouse [TLR5KO]); and (2) disruption of the gut microbiota (ΔMicrobiota) through chronic treatment with selected antibiotics (ampicillin and neomycin). The bone phenotypes of TLR5KO and WT (C57Bl/6) mice were examined after disruption of the microbiota from 4 weeks to 16 weeks of age as well as without treatment ( n  = 7 to 16/group, 39 animals total). Femur bending strength was less in ΔMicrobiota mice than in untreated animals and the reduction in strength was not fully explained by differences in bone cross‐sectional geometry, implicating impaired bone tissue material properties. Small differences in whole‐bone bending strength were observed between WT and TLR5KO mice after accounting for differences in bone morphology. No differences in trabecular bone volume fraction were associated with genotype or disruption of gut microbiota. Treatment altered the gut microbiota by depleting organisms from the phyla Bacteroidetes and enriching for Proteobacteria, as determined from sequencing of fecal 16S rRNA genes. Differences in splenic immune cell populations were also observed; B and T cell populations were depleted in TLR5KO mice and in ΔMicrobiota mice ( p   〈  0.001), suggesting an association between alterations in bone tissue material properties and immune cell populations. We conclude that alterations in the gut microbiota for extended periods during growth may lead to impaired whole‐bone mechanical properties in ways that are not explained by bone geometry. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0884-0431 , 1523-4681
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.v32.6
    DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3114
    RVK:
    XA 52230
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008867-X
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  • 10
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    Components of the Gut Microbiome That Influence Bone Tissue‐Level Strength
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Vol. 36, No. 9 ( 2021-09), p. 1823-1834
    Details
    In: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 9 ( 2021-09), p. 1823-1834
    Abstract: Modifications to the constituents of the gut microbiome influence bone density and tissue‐level strength, but the specific microbial components that influence tissue‐level strength in bone are not known. Here, we selectively modify constituents of the gut microbiota using narrow‐spectrum antibiotics to identify components of the microbiome associated with changes in bone mechanical and material properties. Male C57BL/6J mice (4 weeks) were divided into seven groups ( n  = 7–10/group) and had taxa within the gut microbiome removed through dosing with: (i) ampicillin; (ii) neomycin; (iii) vancomycin; (iv) metronidazole; (v) a cocktail of all four antibiotics together (with zero‐calorie sweetener to ensure intake); (vi) zero‐calorie sweetener only; or (vii) no additive (untreated) for 12 weeks. Individual antibiotics remove only some taxa from the gut, while the cocktail of all four removes almost all microbes. After accounting for differences in geometry, whole bone strength was reduced in animals with gut microbiome modified by neomycin (−28%, p  = 0.002) and was increased in the group in which the gut microbiome was altered by sweetener alone (+39%, p   〈  0.001). Analysis of the fecal microbiota detected seven lower‐ranked taxa differentially abundant in animals with impaired tissue‐level strength and 14 differentially abundant taxa associated with increased tissue‐level strength. Histological and serum markers of bone turnover and trabecular bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) did not differ among groups. These findings demonstrate that modifications to the taxonomic components of the gut microbiome have the potential to decrease or increase tissue‐level strength of bone independent of bone quantity and without noticeable changes in bone turnover. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0884-0431 , 1523-4681
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.v36.9
    DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4341
    RVK:
    XA 52230
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008867-X
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