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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Using a Back Exoskeleton During Industrial and Functional Tasks—Effects on Muscle Activity, Posture, Performance, Usability, and Wearer Discomfort in a Laboratory Trial
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Vol. 65, No. 1 ( 2023-02), p. 5-21
    Details
    In: Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, SAGE Publications, Vol. 65, No. 1 ( 2023-02), p. 5-21
    Abstract: To investigate the effect of using a passive back-support exoskeleton (Laevo V2.56) on muscle activity, posture, heart rate, performance, usability, and wearer comfort during a course of three industrial tasks (COU; exoskeleton worn, turned-on), stair climbing test (SCT; exoskeleton worn, turned-off), timed-up-and-go test (TUG; exoskeleton worn, turned-off) compared to no exoskeleton. Background Back-support exoskeletons have the potential to reduce work-related physical demands. Methods Thirty-six men participated. Activity of erector spinae (ES), biceps femoris (BF), rectus abdominis (RA), vastus lateralis (VL), gastrocnemius medialis (GM), trapezius descendens (TD) was recorded by electromyography; posture by trunk, hip, knee flexion angles; heart rate by electrocardiography; performance by time-to-task accomplishment (s) and perceived task difficulty (100-mm visual analogue scale; VAS); usability by the System Usability Scale (SUS) and all items belonging to domains skepticism and user-friendliness of the Technology Usage Inventory; wearer comfort by the 100-mm VAS. Results During parts of COU, using the exoskeleton decreased ES and BF activity and trunk flexion, and increased RA, GM, and TD activity, knee and hip flexion. Wearing the exoskeleton increased time-to-task accomplishment of SCT, TUG, and COU and perceived difficulty of SCT and TUG. Average SUS was 75.4, skepticism 11.5/28.0, user-friendliness 18.0/21.0, wearer comfort 31.1 mm. Conclusion Using the exoskeleton modified muscle activity and posture depending on the task applied, slightly impaired performance, and was evaluated mildly uncomfortable. Application These outcomes require investigating the effects of this passive back-supporting exoskeleton in longitudinal studies with longer operating times, providing better insights for guiding their application in real work settings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0018-7208 , 1547-8181
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/00187208211007267
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066426-6
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    708 Exoskeletons for reducing physical stress and strain in occupational tasks: a systematic review
    Elsevier BV ; 2022
    In:  Safety and Health at Work Vol. 13 ( 2022-01), p. S336-
    Details
    In: Safety and Health at Work, Elsevier BV, Vol. 13 ( 2022-01), p. S336-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2093-7911
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S2093-7911(22)00086-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2583825-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of Posture Variation on Shoulder Muscle Activity, Heart Rate, and Perceived Exertion in a Repetitive Manual Task
    Informa UK Limited ; 2017
    In:  IISE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2017-04-03), p. 47-64
    Details
    In: IISE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2017-04-03), p. 47-64
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2472-5838 , 2472-5846
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/24725838.2017.1303655
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3015413-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Postural Control When Using an Industrial Lower Limb Exoskeleton: Impact of Reaching for a Working Tool and External Perturbation
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Vol. 64, No. 4 ( 2022-06), p. 635-648
    Details
    In: Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, SAGE Publications, Vol. 64, No. 4 ( 2022-06), p. 635-648
    Abstract: To investigate postural control related to a lower limb exoskeleton (Chairless Chair) when (a) reaching for a working tool, and (b) an external perturbation occurs. Background Lower limb exoskeletons aiming to reduce physical load associated with prolonged standing may impair workers’ postural control and increase the risk of falling. Method Forty-five males were reaching for an object (3-kg dumbbell) at the lateral end of their reaching area without the exoskeleton in upright standing (STAND) and with the exoskeleton at a high (EXO HIGH.SEAT ) and low sitting position (EXO LOW.SEAT ). The task was performed with the object placed in three different angles (120°, 150°, and 180°) in the transversal plane. The minimum absolute static postural stability (SS ABS.MIN ) as the shortest distance (mm) of the center of pressure to the base of support border was measured (zero indicates risk of falling). Additionally, eight subjects were standing without the exoskeleton or sitting on it (EXO HIGH.SEAT and EXO LOW.SEAT ) while being pulled backward. The tilting moment when subjects lost their balance was assessed. Results SS ABS.MIN was lower when using the exoskeleton ( p 〈 .05) but still about 17 mm. The location of the object to be reached had no influence. Tilting moments of less than 30 nm were sufficient to let people fall backward when sitting on the exoskeleton (50 nm for STAND). Conclusion Impairments in postural control by the exoskeleton may not be relevant when reaching laterally for objects up to 3 kg. When an external perturbation occurs, the risk of falling may be much higher; irrespective of factors like uneven or slippery flooring. Application The risk of falling using the exoskeleton seems to be low when reaching laterally for an object of up to 3 kg. In situations where, for example, a collision with coworkers is likely, this exoskeleton is not recommended.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0018-7208 , 1547-8181
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0018720820957466
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066426-6
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of a Passive Back-Support Exoskeleton on Knee Joint Loading during Simulated Static Sorting and Dynamic Lifting Tasks
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 16 ( 2022-08-12), p. 9965-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 16 ( 2022-08-12), p. 9965-
    Abstract: Due to the load shifting mechanism of many back-support exoskeletons (BSEs), this study evaluated possible side effects of using a BSE on knee joint loading. Twenty-nine subjects (25.9 (±4.4) years, 179.0 (±6.5) cm; 73.6 (±9.4) kg) performed simulated static sorting and dynamic lifting tasks, including stoop and squat styles and different trunk rotation postures. Ground reaction force, body posture and the force between the chest and the BSE’s contact interface were recorded using a force plate, two-dimensional gravimetric position sensors, and a built-in force sensor of the BSE, respectively. Using these parameters and the subject’s anthropometry, median and 90th percentile horizontal (HOR50, HOR90) and vertical (VERT50, VERT90) tibiofemoral forces were calculated via a self-developed inverse quasi-static biomechanical model. BSE use had a variable effect on HOR50 dependent on the working task and body posture. Generally, VERT50 increased without significant interaction effects with posture or task. HOR90 and VERT90 were not affected by using the BSE. In conclusion, utilizing the investigated exoskeleton is likely to induce side effects in terms of changed knee joint loading. This may depend on the applied working task and the user’s body posture. The role of these changes in the context of a negative contribution to work-related cumulative knee exposures should be addressed by future research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169965
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Role of Motor Learning on Measures of Physical Requirements and Motor Variability During Repetitive Screwing
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 16, No. 7 ( 2019-04-06), p. 1231-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 7 ( 2019-04-06), p. 1231-
    Abstract: We investigated whether physical requirements and motor variability decreased over days in novices during a repetitive screwing task. Fifty-seven subjects performed one hour of repetitive screwing and fastening on three days, separated by 2–7 days. The average physical requirement and relative cycle-to-cycle variability (coefficient of variation, i.e., CV) were calculated from continuous recordings of electromyography of four arm muscles (biceps brachii, triceps brachii, flexor carpi radialis, extensor digitorum), forearm acceleration, and electrocardiography. Muscle activity levels, heart rate, and forearm acceleration decreased from day 1 to day 2 (range: ~4% to ~20%) and/or 3 (range: ~4% to ~28%). Not all muscles showed a similar pattern. Activity of the extensor digitorum and biceps brachii decreased already between days 1 and 2 (range: ~6% to ~13%), whereas activity of the flexor carpi radialis and triceps brachii decreased between days 1 and 3 (range: ~13% to ~20%). No changes in physical requirement were detected between days 2 and 3. Relative motor variability did not change across days, except that variability of forearm acceleration increased from day 1 to 3 (~5%). This study found consistent changes in physical requirements and indicated that several arm muscles show earlier decreases of muscular activity, like the extensor digitorum, compared to other body parts, like the flexor carpi radialis. Moreover, movement strategies may develop differently than muscle activation strategies, based on the different developments of physical requirements and motor variability. The development of physical requirements in industrial tasks is part of daily living and starts at task onset, highlighting the importance of task familiarization and the randomization of experimental conditions in scientific studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16071231
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of a passive lower-limb exoskeleton during simulated industrial work tasks on physical load, upper body posture, postural control and discomfort
    Elsevier BV ; 2019
    In:  Applied Ergonomics Vol. 80 ( 2019-10), p. 152-160
    Details
    In: Applied Ergonomics, Elsevier BV, Vol. 80 ( 2019-10), p. 152-160
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6870
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.05.018
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2003513-5
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of fatigue on trunk stability in elite gymnasts
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2012
    In:  European Journal of Applied Physiology Vol. 112, No. 4 ( 2012-4), p. 1307-1313
    Details
    In: European Journal of Applied Physiology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 112, No. 4 ( 2012-4), p. 1307-1313
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1439-6319 , 1439-6327
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00421-011-2082-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1459054-2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The influence of task variation on manifestation of fatigue is ambiguous – a literature review
    Informa UK Limited ; 2014
    In:  Ergonomics Vol. 57, No. 2 ( 2014-02-01), p. 162-174
    Details
    In: Ergonomics, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 57, No. 2 ( 2014-02-01), p. 162-174
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0014-0139 , 1366-5847
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2014.885088
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2017644-2
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Active and passive work breaks during simulated laparoscopy among laparoscopic surgeons: study protocol for a controlled, randomised cross-over laboratory trial
    BMJ ; 2020
    In:  BMJ Open Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2020-11), p. e038952-
    Details
    In: BMJ Open, BMJ, Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2020-11), p. e038952-
    Abstract: Laparoscopy has partially replaced open surgery due to the lower infection rate for the patient and hence better and shorter recovery. However, the surgeon’s physical load is higher due to longer duration static and awkward body postures, increasing the risk for developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Interventions of an organisational nature are work breaks, being either passive or active. The primary objectives of this study are to determine whether passive and active work breaks lead to less discomfort than no work breaks and whether active work breaks lead to less discomfort than passive work breaks. Methods and analysis A controlled, randomised cross-over trial will be performed in the laboratory, of which its protocol is described here according to the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) 2013 Statement. Recruitment of 21 laparoscopic surgeons started in April 2019 and the study is ongoing. The participating surgeons will perform three 1.5 hour experimental conditions, one without work breaks, one with 2.5 min passive work breaks including rest, and one with 2.5 min active work breaks including mobility and stretching exercises. The work breaks will be taken after 30 and 60 min of work. During the experiments, outcomes will be recorded. The primary outcome is rating of perceived discomfort measured on an 11-point numeric rating scale. The secondary outcomes are performance, muscle activity of selected muscles, upper body angles, heart rate, workload and subjective evaluation of both interventions. The collected data will be tested using a one-way or two-factorial repeated-measures analysis of variance. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval of the study protocol was received by the local medical ethical committee of the University of Tübingen in February 2019 (no 618/2018BO2). The results of this study will be presented at national and international conferences, submitted for publications in peer-reviewed journals and serve as the starting point for a feasibility study. Trial registration number NCT03715816 .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2044-6055 , 2044-6055
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038952
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2599832-8
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