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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Characterisation of Extreme Precipitation Events in the Pyrenees: From the Local to the Synoptic Scale
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Atmosphere Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 2021-05-22), p. 665-
    Details
    In: Atmosphere, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 2021-05-22), p. 665-
    Abstract: Mountain systems within the Mediterranean region, e.g., the Pyrenees, are very sensitive to climate change. In the present study, we quantified the magnitude of extreme precipitation events and the number of days with torrential precipitation (daily precipitation ≥ 100 mm) in all the rain gauges available in the Pyrenees for the 1981–2015 period, analyzing the contribution of the synoptic scale in this type of event. The easternmost (under Mediterranean influence) and north-westernmost (under Atlantic influence) areas of the Pyrenees registered the highest number of torrential events. The heaviest events are expected in the eastern part, i.e., 400 mm day−1 for a return period of 200 years. Northerly advections over the Iberian Peninsula, which present a low zonal index, i.e., implying a stronger meridional component, give rise to torrential events over the western Pyrenees; and easterly advections favour extreme precipitation over the eastern Pyrenees. The air mass travels a long way, from the east coast of North America, bringing heavy rainfall to the western Pyrenees. In the case of the torrential events over the eastern Pyrenees, the trajectory of the air mass causing the events in these areas is very short and originates in the Mediterranean Basin. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index has no influence upon the occurrence of torrential events in the Pyrenees, but these events are closely related to certain Mediterranean teleconnections such as the Western Mediterranean Oscillation (WeMO).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4433
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/atmos12060665
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2605928-9
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  • 2
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    Precipitation in peninsular Spain: Influence of teleconnection indices and spatial regionalisation
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Climatology Vol. 41, No. S1 ( 2021-01)
    Details
    In: International Journal of Climatology, Wiley, Vol. 41, No. S1 ( 2021-01)
    Abstract: Precipitation constitutes a particularly variable climatic element in Spain. Study of teleconnection indices, closely related to precipitation, enables us to establish to a greater or lesser degree the mechanisms regulating pluviometric variability; these are vital for planning and managing water resources in semiarid regions. In the present article we attempt to identify the low‐frequency patterns that present the closest statistical relationship with rainfall for each of the points on the MOPREDAS pluviometric data grid, covering the whole area of peninsular Spain. The results obtained reveal the clear dominance of Mediterranean Basin patterns, specifically of the Mediterranean Oscillation (MO) and of its version in the mid‐levels of the troposphere (ULMO). Results, however, show a significant dominance of the Western Mediterranean Oscillation (WeMO) in the east of the Iberian Peninsula and the eastern part of the Cantabrian façade. Also noteworthy is the control exerted by the NAO over much of the centre and southwest of Spain, as well as the surprising dominance of an index that heretofore has not been used much, known as the Paris‐London Westerly Index. Finally, we performed a regionalisation based upon the correlations between the teleconnection and precipitation indices by means of a principal components analysis, which revealed the existence of three differentiated pluviometric regions in peninsular Spain: Atlantic (centre and south), Mediterranean (east) and Cantabrian (north).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-8418 , 1097-0088
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.v41.S1
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.6770
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491204-1
    SSG: 14
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  • 3
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    The Western Mediterranean Oscillation and rainfall in the Iberian Peninsula
    Wiley ; 2006
    In:  International Journal of Climatology Vol. 26, No. 11 ( 2006-09), p. 1455-1475
    Details
    In: International Journal of Climatology, Wiley, Vol. 26, No. 11 ( 2006-09), p. 1455-1475
    Abstract: Seasonal precipitation variability in the east of the Iberian Peninsula is weakly linked to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) during autumn and winter. For the purpose of improving the study of its performance, low‐frequency variability patterns specific to the Mediterranean basin have been searched for. In this way, the Western Mediterranean Oscillation (WeMO) has been defined by means of the dipole composed, in its positive phase, by the anticyclone over the Azores and the depression over Liguria, and its index (WeMOi), as a result of the difference of the standardised values in surface atmospheric pressure in San Fernando (Spain) and Padua (Italy). This new index allows the detection of the variability relevant to the cyclogenesis next to the western Mediterranean basin, which determines in a predominant way the types of rainfall in the Gulf of Valencia. In this area, the WeMO is significantly better than the NAO to explain the monthly pluviometric anomalies during these seasons. Also, a daily resolution of the WeMOi can provide a useful tool to forecast torrential rainfall events in the north‐western zones of the Mediterranean (eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula and the south of France), and such significantly daily rainfall frequencies for different thresholds. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-8418 , 1097-0088
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.v26:11
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.1388
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491204-1
    SSG: 14
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  • 4
    Online Resource
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    Spatiotemporal variability of daily precipitation concentration and its relationship to teleconnection patterns over the Mediterranean during 1975–2015
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Climatology Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2020-03-15), p. 1435-1455
    Details
    In: International Journal of Climatology, Wiley, Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2020-03-15), p. 1435-1455
    Abstract: This study has addressed the spatiotemporal distribution of the daily rainfall concentration and its relation to the teleconnection patterns across the Mediterranean (MR). Daily concentration index (CI) and the ordered n index ( n or ) are used at annual time scale to reveal the statistical structure of precipitation across the MR based on 233 daily rainfall series for the period 1975–2015. Eight teleconnection patterns, North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Mediterranean Oscillation (MO), Western Mediterranean Oscillation (WeMO), Upper‐Level Mediterranean Oscillation index (ULMO), East Atlantic (EA) pattern, East Atlantic/West Russia (EATL/WRUS) pattern, Scandinavia (SCAND) pattern and Southern Oscillation (SO) at annual time scale are selected. The spatiotemporal patterns in precipitation concentration indices, annual precipitation and their teleconnections with previous large‐scale circulations are investigated. Results show a strong connection between the CI and the n or ( r = 0.70, p   〈  .05) which present the same relative areas of high and low concentration. The annual values range from 0.57 to 0.70 for CI and 0.49 to 0.71 for n or index which show a high daily precipitation concentration across the MR. Trend analysis demonstrated mostly significant increasing trends for both indices. This increase is mainly found in south France, northern coastlands of the Iberian Peninsula (IP), Greece and Tunisia. An inverse relationship between the number of rainy days and concentration indices is evident. Both of WeMO and MO can play an important role in modulating rainfall in the northwest Mediterranean. The positive EATL/WRUS phase is mainly connected with positive precipitation mean anomalies in the eastern Mediterranean and vice versa in the west. The high daily precipitation concentration values over south France, northeast Spain, Croatia and Tunisia are linked to the low values of WeMO and high values of EA. These results could pave the way for new possibilities regarding the projection of precipitation concentration and precipitation irregularity in downscaling techniques.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-8418 , 1097-0088
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.v40.3
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.6278
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491204-1
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  • 5
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    Monthly precipitation trends on the Mediterranean fringe of the Iberian Peninsula during the second-half of the twentieth century (1951-2000)
    Wiley ; 2009
    In:  International Journal of Climatology Vol. 29, No. 10 ( 2009-08), p. 1415-1429
    Details
    In: International Journal of Climatology, Wiley, Vol. 29, No. 10 ( 2009-08), p. 1415-1429
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-8418 , 1097-0088
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.v29:10
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.1780
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491204-1
    SSG: 14
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  • 6
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    The consecutive disparity of precipitation in conterminous Spain
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Theoretical and Applied Climatology Vol. 147, No. 3-4 ( 2022-02), p. 1151-1161
    Details
    In: Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 147, No. 3-4 ( 2022-02), p. 1151-1161
    Abstract: Precipitation irregularity constitutes a constraint for natural systems and socio-economic activities, particularly in water-scarce environments. Standard variability statistics such as the standard deviation, variance, and coefficient of variation do not consider the chronological order of these values. In Climatology, however, the temporal order of meteorological events is a relevant factor that can affect natural and socio-economic systems. In order to evaluate the disparity between consecutive values in precipitation series, we applied the Consecutive Disparity Index ( D ) to the monthly grid with the highest spatial resolution (10×10 km) existing in Peninsular Spain for the period December 1915–November 2015. Monthly, seasonal, and annual D values show an increase from north to southwest, especially in July and August. The D values for the month-to-month correlative series and for monthly mean precipitation reveal a relatively similar pattern. In the latter case, however, the low values are recorded towards southern Spain, following some mountain ranges in the Centre-East of the territory. Monthly, seasonal, and annual precipitation values are also negatively correlated with the corresponding D values.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0177-798X , 1434-4483
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00704-021-03877-6
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1463177-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 405799-5
    SSG: 14
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  • 7
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    Seasonal temperature trends on the Spanish mainland: A secular study (1916–2015)
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Climatology Vol. 41, No. 5 ( 2021-04), p. 3071-3084
    Details
    In: International Journal of Climatology, Wiley, Vol. 41, No. 5 ( 2021-04), p. 3071-3084
    Abstract: Trends in seasonal mean values of maximum and minimum temperature are analysed in the Spanish mainland from the new MOTEDAS_century database. This new data set has been developed combining the digitalized archives from the Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET) with information retrieved from Annual Books published by the former Meteorological Agency dating back to 1916, and covers the period 1916–2015. In all four seasons, mean seasonal temperature of maximum ( T max) and minimum ( T min) increased. The raising occurred in two main pulses separated by a first pause around the middle of the 20th century, but differed among seasons and also between maximum and minimum temperature. Analysis of the percentage of land affected by significant trends in maximum temperature reveals two increasing phases in spring and summer for T max, and in spring, summer, and autumn for T min. However, winter T max only rose during the recent decades, and autumn T max in the first decades. Negative significant trends were found in extended areas in spring T max, and in spring, autumn, and summer T min, confirming the first pause around the 1940's–1960's. Trends of seasonal mean values of T max and T min are not significant for at least the last 25–35 years of the study period, depending on the season. The areas under significant positive trend are usually more extended for T min than T max at any season and period. Areas with significant trend expand and contract in time according to two spatial gradients: south‐east to north‐west (east‐west) for T max, and west to east for T min. We hypothesize a relationship between atmospheric prevalent advection and relief as triggering factors to understand spatial and temporal differences in seasonal temperatures at regional scale during the 20th century in the Iberian Peninsula.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-8418 , 1097-0088
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.v41.5
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.7006
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491204-1
    SSG: 14
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Iberia winter rainfall trends based upon changes in teleconnection and circulation patterns
    Elsevier BV ; 2008
    In:  Global and Planetary Change Vol. 63, No. 2-3 ( 2008-09), p. 171-176
    Details
    In: Global and Planetary Change, Elsevier BV, Vol. 63, No. 2-3 ( 2008-09), p. 171-176
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0921-8181
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.09.002
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 20361-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016967-X
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
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  • 9
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    An automated sea breeze selection technique based on regional sea-level pressure difference: WeMOi
    Wiley ; 2008
    In:  International Journal of Climatology Vol. 28, No. 12 ( 2008-10), p. 1681-1692
    Details
    In: International Journal of Climatology, Wiley, Vol. 28, No. 12 ( 2008-10), p. 1681-1692
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-8418 , 1097-0088
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.v28:12
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.1663
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491204-1
    SSG: 14
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  • 10
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    Mediterranean-Scale Drought: Regional Datasets for Exceptional Meteorological Drought Events during 1975–2019
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Atmosphere Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2021-07-22), p. 941-
    Details
    In: Atmosphere, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2021-07-22), p. 941-
    Abstract: Drought is one of the most complex climate-related phenomena and is expected to progressively affect our lives by causing very serious environmental and socioeconomic damage by the end of the 21st century. In this study, we have extracted a dataset of exceptional meteorological drought events between 1975 and 2019 at the country and subregional scales. Each drought event was described by its start and end date, intensity, severity, duration, areal extent, peak month and peak area. To define such drought events and their characteristics, separate analyses based on three drought indices were performed at 12-month timescale: the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), and the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI). A multivariate combined drought index (DXI) was developed by merging the previous three indices for more understanding of droughts’ features at the country and subregional levels. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify five different drought subregions based on DXI-12 values for 312 Mediterranean stations and a new special score was defined to classify the multi-subregional exceptional drought events across the Mediterranean Basin (MED). The results indicated that extensive drought events occurred more frequently since the late 1990s, showing several drought hotspots in the last decades in the southeastern Mediterranean and northwest Africa. In addition, the results showed that the most severe events were more detected when more than single drought index was used. The highest percentage area under drought was also observed through combining the variations of three drought indices. Furthermore, the drought area in both dry and humid areas in the MED has also experienced a remarkable increase since the late 1990s. Based on a comparison of the drought events during the two periods—1975–1996 and 1997–2019—we find that the current dry conditions in the MED are more severe, intense, and frequent than the earlier period; moreover, the strongest dry conditions occurred in last two decades. The SPEI-12 and RDI-12 have a higher capacity in providing a more comprehensive description of the dry conditions because of the inclusion of temperature or atmospheric evaporative demand in their scheme. A complex range of atmospheric circulation patterns, particularly the Western Mediterranean Oscillation (WeMO) and East Atlantic/West Russia (EATL/WRUS), appear to play an important role in severe, intense and region-wide droughts, including the two most severe droughts, 1999–2001 and 2007–2012, with lesser influence of the NAO, ULMO and SCAND.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4433
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/atmos12080941
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2605928-9
    SSG: 23
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