In:
Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-10-22)
Abstract:
Safflower polysaccharide (SPS) is one of the active fractions extracted from safflower petals ( Carthamus tinctorius L .) which has been reported to possess antitumor and immune control roles. However, its antitumor mechanisms by regulating the immune pathway remain barely understood. In this study, a mouse model was established by azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to evaluate the antitumor effect of SPS on colorectal cancer (CRC). The results showed that 50 mg/kg SPS-1, an active fraction isolated from SPS, could significantly inhibit CRC induced by AOM/DSS and changed the polarization of macrophages to the M1 phenotype. Meanwhile, SPS-1 treatment significantly alleviated the characteristic AOM/DSS-induced pathological symptoms, in terms of decreasing the nucleoplasmic ratio, nuclear polarity extinction, and gland hyperplasia. However, the results in vitro showed that SPS-1 did not directly inhibit the growth of CRC cells but could upregulate the NF-κB signal and trigger M1 macrophage transformation. Thus, the condition medium (CM) of Mφ pretreated with SPS-1 was used against CRC cells. As expected, SPS-1–activated Raw 264.7 markedly exhibited antitumor effects by inhibiting cell proliferation and suppressing cell colony formation. In addition, SPS-1–activated Raw 264.7 could also induce CRC cell apoptosis by upregulating the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO). Further results suggested that SPS-1–induced transition of the macrophage phenotype could be suppressed by an NF-κB inhibitor, PDTC. Moreover, SPS-1–activated Raw 264.7 inhibiting CRC cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis were also rescued by PDTC. Taken together, all results suggested that SPS-1 could be a therapeutic option for the prevention and treatment of CRC.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1663-9812
DOI:
10.3389/fphar.2021.761641
DOI:
10.3389/fphar.2021.761641.s001
DOI:
10.3389/fphar.2021.761641.s002
Language:
Unknown
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Publication Date:
2021
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2587355-6
SSG:
15,3
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