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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The High Energy Density Scientific Instrument at the European XFEL
    International Union of Crystallography (IUCr) ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Synchrotron Radiation Vol. 28, No. 5 ( 2021-09-01), p. 1393-1416
    Details
    In: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, International Union of Crystallography (IUCr), Vol. 28, No. 5 ( 2021-09-01), p. 1393-1416
    Abstract: The European XFEL delivers up to 27000 intense ( 〉 10 12 photons) pulses per second, of ultrashort (≤50 fs) and transversely coherent X-ray radiation, at a maximum repetition rate of 4.5 MHz. Its unique X-ray beam parameters enable groundbreaking experiments in matter at extreme conditions at the High Energy Density (HED) scientific instrument. The performance of the HED instrument during its first two years of operation, its scientific remit, as well as ongoing installations towards full operation are presented. Scientific goals of HED include the investigation of extreme states of matter created by intense laser pulses, diamond anvil cells, or pulsed magnets, and ultrafast X-ray methods that allow their diagnosis using self-amplified spontaneous emission between 5 and 25 keV, coupled with X-ray monochromators and optional seeded beam operation. The HED instrument provides two target chambers, X-ray spectrometers for emission and scattering, X-ray detectors, and a timing tool to correct for residual timing jitter between laser and X-ray pulses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1107/S1600577521007335
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021413-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beamline P02.1 at PETRA III for high-resolution and high-energy powder diffraction
    International Union of Crystallography (IUCr) ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Synchrotron Radiation Vol. 22, No. 3 ( 2015-05-01), p. 675-687
    Details
    In: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, International Union of Crystallography (IUCr), Vol. 22, No. 3 ( 2015-05-01), p. 675-687
    Abstract: Powder X-ray diffraction techniques largely benefit from the superior beam quality provided by high-brilliance synchrotron light sources in terms of photon flux and angular resolution. The High Resolution Powder Diffraction Beamline P02.1 at the storage ring PETRA III (DESY, Hamburg, Germany) combines these strengths with the power of high-energy X-rays for materials research. The beamline is operated at a fixed photon energy of 60 keV (0.207 Å wavelength). A high-resolution monochromator generates the highly collimated X-ray beam of narrow energy bandwidth. Classic crystal structure determination in reciprocal space at standard and non-ambient conditions are an essential part of the scientific scope as well as total scattering analysis using the real space information of the pair distribution function. Both methods are complemented by in situ capabilities with time-resolution in the sub-second regime owing to the high beam intensity and the advanced detector technology for high-energy X-rays. P02.1's efficiency in solving chemical and crystallographic problems is illustrated by presenting key experiments that were carried out within these fields during the early stage of beamline operation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1107/S1600577515002222
    DOI: 10.1107/S1600577515002222/co5063sup1.pdf
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021413-3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A MHz X-ray diffraction set-up for dynamic compression experiments in the diamond anvil cell
    International Union of Crystallography (IUCr) ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Synchrotron Radiation Vol. 30, No. 4 ( 2023-07-01), p. 671-685
    Details
    In: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, International Union of Crystallography (IUCr), Vol. 30, No. 4 ( 2023-07-01), p. 671-685
    Abstract: An experimental platform for dynamic diamond anvil cell (dDAC) research has been developed at the High Energy Density (HED) Instrument at the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (European XFEL). Advantage was taken of the high repetition rate of the European XFEL (up to 4.5 MHz) to collect pulse-resolved MHz X-ray diffraction data from samples as they are dynamically compressed at intermediate strain rates (≤10 3  s −1 ), where up to 352 diffraction images can be collected from a single pulse train. The set-up employs piezo-driven dDACs capable of compressing samples in ≥340 µs, compatible with the maximum length of the pulse train (550 µs). Results from rapid compression experiments on a wide range of sample systems with different X-ray scattering powers are presented. A maximum compression rate of 87 TPa s −1 was observed during the fast compression of Au, while a strain rate of ∼1100 s −1 was achieved during the rapid compression of N 2 at 23 TPa s −1 .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1107/S1600577523003910
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021413-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fe 0.79 Si 0.07 B 0.14 metallic glass gaskets for high-pressure research beyond 1 Mbar
    International Union of Crystallography (IUCr) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Synchrotron Radiation Vol. 29, No. 5 ( 2022-09-01), p. 1167-1179
    Details
    In: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, International Union of Crystallography (IUCr), Vol. 29, No. 5 ( 2022-09-01), p. 1167-1179
    Abstract: A gasket is an important constituent of a diamond anvil cell (DAC) assembly, responsible for the sample chamber stability at extreme conditions for X-ray diffraction studies. In this work, we studied the performance of gaskets made of metallic glass Fe 0.79 Si 0.07 B 0.14 in a number of high-pressure X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments in DACs equipped with conventional and toroidal-shape diamond anvils. The experiments were conducted in either axial or radial geometry with X-ray beams of micrometre to sub-micrometre size. We report that Fe 0.79 Si 0.07 B 0.14 metallic glass gaskets offer a stable sample environment under compression exceeding 1 Mbar in all XRD experiments described here, even in those involving small-molecule gases ( e.g. Ne, H 2 ) used as pressure-transmitting media or in those with laser heating in a DAC. Our results emphasize the material's importance for a great number of delicate experiments conducted under extreme conditions. They indicate that the application of Fe 0.79 Si 0.07 B 0.14 metallic glass gaskets in XRD experiments for both axial and radial geometries substantially improves various aspects of megabar experiments and, in particular, the signal-to-noise ratio in comparison to that with conventional gaskets made of Re, W, steel or other crystalline metals.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1107/S1600577522007573
    DOI: 10.1107/S1600577522007573/ok5080sup1.cif
    DOI: 10.1107/S1600577522007573/ok5080Isup2.hkl
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021413-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strong Effect of Stress on the Seismic Signature of the Post‐Stishovite Phase Transition in the Earth's Lower Mantle
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2023
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 50, No. 10 ( 2023-05-28)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 50, No. 10 ( 2023-05-28)
    Abstract: Continuous compression experiments were performed to study the post‐stishovite phase transition under different stress conditions Deviatoric stresses shift the phase transition to a shallower depth in the lower mantle The bulk modulus of sintered polycrystalline stishovite differs from that of stishovite powder and drops at the phase transition
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2023GL102740
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021599-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strength of polycrystalline coarse-grained platinum to 330GPa and of nanocrystalline platinum to 70GPa from high-pressure x-ray diffraction data
    AIP Publishing ; 2008
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 103, No. 6 ( 2008-03-15)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 103, No. 6 ( 2008-03-15)
    Abstract: X-ray diffraction patterns from platinum foil (∼300nm grain size) have been recorded up to 330GPa using a beveled-anvil diamond cell. The compressive strength has been determined from the analysis of the diffraction linewidths. In a separate set of experiments, coarse-grained platinum powder (∼300nm grain size) is compressed up to 64GPa in a diamond anvil cell with 300μm flat-face anvils and diffraction patterns are recorded. The strengths as functions of pressure derived in the two sets of experiments agree well. The strength increases linearly from 0.21(2)GPa at zero pressure to 9.8(4)GPa at a pressure of 330GPa. The nanocrystalline platinum sample (∼20nm average grain size) exhibits much higher strength and increases linearly from 3.0(1)to8.0(3)GPa as the pressure is increased from zero pressure to 70GPa. The grain size of nanocrystalline sample decreases with increasing pressure. The effect of nonhydrostatic compression on the pressures determined with platinum as a pressure marker in high-pressure x-ray diffraction studies is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.2891424
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strength of polycrystalline niobium from high-pressure x-ray diffraction data: A comparison of results from line-width and line-shift analyses
    AIP Publishing ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 118, No. 6 ( 2015-08-14)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 118, No. 6 ( 2015-08-14)
    Abstract: High purity polycrystalline niobium was compressed in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) without any pressure transmitting medium and the pressure was increased in steps of ∼5 GPa to the highest pressure of ∼40 GPa. The diffraction pattern was recorded after each pressure increment using angle-dispersive mode with the conventional diffraction geometry, wherein the primary x-ray beam is parallel to the load axis of the DAC. The strength of niobium as function of pressure was determined using the line-width and line-shift analyses. Both eY and 2eY, where Y is the aggregate Young's modulus and e is the strain determined from the line-width analysis, have been used as the measure of strength in earlier studies. In this study, it is eY that agrees with the strength determined from the line-shift analysis of the radial diffraction data as well as the data from the conventional diffraction geometry. These results have been discussed and compared with a similar observation made earlier on strength of diamond. This study highlights the ambiguity that presently exists in choosing eY or 2eY as a measure of strength while attempting to estimate the strength from the diffraction line width analysis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4927727
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Structural and vibrational properties of single crystals of Scandia, Sc2O3 under high pressure
    AIP Publishing ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 118, No. 16 ( 2015-10-28)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 118, No. 16 ( 2015-10-28)
    Abstract: We report the results of single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy studies of scandium oxide, Sc2O3, at ambient temperature under high pressure up to 55 and 28 GPa, respectively. Both X-ray diffraction and Raman studies indicated a phase transition from the cubic bixbyite phase (so-called C-Res phase) to a monoclinic C2/m phase (so-called B-Res phase) at pressures around 25–28 GPa. The transition was accompanied by a significant volumetric drop by ∼6.7%. In addition, the Raman spectroscopy detected a minor crossover around 10–12 GPa, which manifested in the appearance of new and disappearance of some Raman modes, as well as in softening of one Raman mode. We found the bulk modulus values of the both C-Res and B-Res phases as B0 = 198.2(3) and 171.2(1) GPa (for fixed B′ = 4), respectively. Thus, the denser high-pressure lattice of Sc2O3 is much softer than the original lattice. We discuss possible mechanisms that might be responsible for the pronounced elastic softening in the monoclinic high-pressure phase in this “simple” oxide with an ultra-wide band gap.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4933391
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strength and elasticity of niobium under high pressure
    AIP Publishing ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 109, No. 11 ( 2011-06-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 109, No. 11 ( 2011-06-01)
    Abstract: High purity polycrystalline niobium contained in boron-epoxy gasket was compressed in a diamond anvil cell (DAC). The pressure was increased in steps of ∼3 GPa and the diffraction patterns recorded at each pressure with the incident x-ray beam perpendicular to the load axis of the DAC (radial diffraction). The maximum pressure reached was 37.6 GPa. The compressive strength (differential stress) derived from the radial diffraction data is 0.44(1) GPa at 2.1 GPa and shows a shallow maximum at ∼5 GPa, and then decreases to 0.35(5) at 12 GPa. At higher pressures, strength increases nearly linearly and the extrapolated value at 40 GPa is 0.94(6) GPa. At any pressure, the single-crystal elastic moduli derived from the diffraction data can be made to match well those obtained from the extrapolation of the elasticity data at ambient pressure by adjusting the weight parameter α that appears in the lattice strain theory. The parameter α is found to decrease from 2.00(8) at 2.1 GPa to 1.35(4) at 37.6 GPa.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.3594748
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strength and elastic moduli of TiN from radial x-ray diffraction under nonhydrostatic compression up to 45 GPa
    AIP Publishing ; 2010
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 107, No. 11 ( 2010-06-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 107, No. 11 ( 2010-06-01)
    Abstract: The high pressure behavior of titanium nitride (TiN) was investigated using synchrotron radial x-ray diffraction (RXRD) under nonhydrostatic compression up to 45.4 GPa in a diamond-anvil cell. We obtained the hydrostatic compression equation of state of TiN. Fitting to the third-order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state, the bulk modulus derived from nonhydrostatic compression data varies from 232 to 353 GPa, depending on angle ψ, the orientation of the diffraction planes with respect to the loading axis. The RXRD data obtained at ψ=54.7° yield a bulk modulus K0=282±9 GPa with pressure derivative K0′ fixed at 4. We have analyzed the deformation mechanisms by analyzing the (111), (200), (220), (311), and (222) peaks in the x-ray diffraction under pressures. The ratio of uniaxial stress component to shear modulus t/G ranges from 0.007–0.027 at the pressure of 6.4–45.4 GPa. It was found that the TiN sample could support a maximum uniaxial stress component t of 8.6 GPa, when it started to yield at 45.4 GPa under uniaxial compression. And the aggregate elastic moduli of TiN at high pressure were determined from the synchrotron RXRD measurements.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.3392848
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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