In:
Open Life Sciences, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2021-12-31), p. 1347-1356
Abstract:
We used brightfield and epifluorescence microscopy, as well as permeability tests, to investigate the apoplastic histochemical features of plant roots associated with ion hyperaccumulation, invasion, and tolerance of oligotrophic conditions. In hyperaccumulator species with a hypodermis (exodermis absent), ions penetrated the root apex, including the root cap. By contrast, in non-hyperaccumulator species possessing an exodermis, ions did not penetrate the root cap. In vivo , the lignified hypodermis blocked the entry of ions into the cortex, while root exodermis absorbed ions and restricted them to the cortex. The roots of the hyperaccumulators Pteris vittata and Cardamine hupingshanensis , as well as the aquatic invasives Alternanthera philoxeroides , Eichhornia crassipes , and Pistia stratiotes, contained lignin and pectins. These compounds may trap and store ions before hypodermis maturation, facilitating ion hyperaccumulation and retention in the apoplastic spaces of the roots. These apoplastic histochemical features were consistent with certain species-specific characters, including ion hyperaccumulation, invasive behaviors in aquatic environments, or tolerance of oligotrophic conditions. We suggest that apoplastic histochemical features of the root may act as invasion mechanisms, allowing these invasive aquatic plants to outcompete indigenous plants for ions.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
2391-5412
DOI:
10.1515/biol-2021-0137
Language:
English
Publisher:
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Publication Date:
2021
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2817958-4
SSG:
12
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