In:
Transactions of the ASABE, American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE), Vol. 61, No. 3 ( 2018), p. 1001-1015
Abstract:
Ammonia (NH 3 ) emissions from dairy liquid storage systems can be a source of reactive nitrogen (N) released to the environment, with a potential to adversely affect sensitive ecosystems and human health. However, little on-farm research has been conducted to estimate these emissions and determine the factors that may affect these emissions. Six lagoons in south-central Idaho were monitored for one year using open-path Fourier transform spectrometry, with NH 3 emissions estimated using inverse dispersion modeling (WindTrax software). Lagoon physicochemical characteristics thought to contribute to NH 3 emissions were also monitored over this period. Average total emissions from the lagoons ranged from 12 to 43 kg NH 3 ha -1 d -1 , or 5.4 to 85 kg NH 3 d -1 . Emissions from the settling basin on one dairy were 30% of the total emissions from the liquid storage system, indicating that basins are important sources of on-farm NH 3 emissions. Emissions generally trended greater during the summer, when temperatures were greater. High wind events and agitation of the lagoons created temporary increases in NH 3 emissions irrespective of temperature. Lagoon physicochemical characteristics, such as total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN), were highly correlated with emissions (r = 0.52 and 0.55, respectively). Regression models were developed to predict on-farm NH 3 emissions and indicated that TKN, TAN, wind speed, air temperature, and pH were the main drivers of these emissions. An on-farm N balance suggested that lagoon NH 3 -N losses represented 9% of total N lost from the facility, 65% of total lagoon N, and 5% of dairy herd N intake. A process-based model (Integrated Farm System Model) estimated values for N excretion and NH 3 -N loss from the lagoon within 5% of that measured on-farm. More on-farm research is needed to better refine both process-based models and emission factor estimates to more accurately predict NH 3 emissions from lagoons on dairies in the western U.S. Keywords: Ammonia, Emission, Inverse dispersion, Manure.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
2151-0040
DOI:
10.13031/trans.12646
Language:
English
Publisher:
American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE)
Publication Date:
2018
Permalink