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  • 1
    In: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Wiley, Vol. 28, No. 12 ( 2024-06)
    Abstract: In patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), the alteration of immune responses in peripheral blood remains unclear. In this study, we established an immune cell profile for patients with NPC and used flow cytometry and machine learning (ML) to identify the characteristics of this profile. After isolation of circulating leukocytes, the proportions of 104 immune cell subsets were compared between NPC group and the healthy control group (HC). Data obtained from the immune cell profile were subjected to ML training to differentiate between the immune cell profiles of the NPC and HC groups. We observed that subjects in the NPC group presented higher proportions of T cells, memory B cells, short‐lived plasma cells, IgG‐positive B cells, regulatory T cells, MHC II + T cells, CTLA4 + T cells and PD‐1 + T cells than subjects in the HC group, indicating weaker and compromised cellular and humoral immune responses. ML revealed that monocytes, PD‐1 + CD4 T cells, memory B cells, CTLA4 + CD4 T reg cells and PD‐1 + CD8 T cells were strongly contributed to the difference in immune cell profiles between the NPC and HC groups. This alteration can be fundamental in developing novel immunotherapies for NPC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1582-1838 , 1582-4934
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2024
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Inderscience Publishers ; 2006
    In:  International Journal of Services Technology and Management Vol. 7, No. 3 ( 2006), p. 284-
    In: International Journal of Services Technology and Management, Inderscience Publishers, Vol. 7, No. 3 ( 2006), p. 284-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1460-6720 , 1741-525X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Inderscience Publishers
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2048156-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2072619-3
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The American Association of Immunologists ; 2002
    In:  The Journal of Immunology Vol. 168, No. 2 ( 2002-01-15), p. 705-712
    In: The Journal of Immunology, The American Association of Immunologists, Vol. 168, No. 2 ( 2002-01-15), p. 705-712
    Abstract: Mice that lack IL-15 or the IL-15R α-chain (IL-15Rα) are deficient in peripheral CD8+, but not in CD4+, T cells. This CD8+ T cell-specific deficiency has now been investigated further by characterization of a new strain of IL-15Rα−/− mice. The adult mutant mice exhibited a specific reduction in the percentage of CD8-single positive TCRhigh thymocytes. The expression of Bcl-2 was reduced in both CD8+ thymocytes and naive T cells of the mutant animals, and the susceptibility of these cells to death was increased. Memory CD8+ cells were profoundly deficient in IL-15Rα−/−mice, and the residual memory-like CD8+ cells contained a high percentage of dead cells and failed to up-regulate Bcl-2 expression compared with naive CD8+ cells. Moreover, exogenous IL-15 both up-regulated the level of Bcl-2 in and reduced the death rate of wild-type and mutant CD8+ T cells activated in vitro. These results indicate that IL-15 and IL-15Rα regulate the expression of Bcl-2 in CD8+ T cells at all developmental stages. The reduced Bcl-2 content in CD8+ cells might result in survival defect and contribute to the reduction of CD8+ cells in IL-15Rα−/−mice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1767 , 1550-6606
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: The American Association of Immunologists
    Publication Date: 2002
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Medicine Vol. 9 ( 2022-11-8)
    In: Frontiers in Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-11-8)
    Abstract: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been applied in treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC) patients, but few patients exhibit stable and lasting responses. Moreover, identifying aHCC patients suitable for ICI treatment is still challenged. This study aimed to evaluate whether dissecting peripheral immune cell subsets by Mann-Whitney U test and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms could serve as predictive biomarkers of nivolumab treatment for aHCC. Disease control group carried significantly increased percentages of PD-L1 + monocytes, PD-L1 + CD8 T cells, PD-L1 + CD8 NKT cells, and decreased percentages of PD-L1 + CD8 NKT cells via Mann-Whitney U test. By recursive feature elimination method, five featured subsets (CD4 NKTreg, PD-1 + CD8 T cells, PD-1 + CD8 NKT cells, PD-L1 + CD8 T cells and PD-L1 + monocytes) were selected for AI training. The featured subsets were highly overlapping with ones identified via Mann-Whitney U test. Trained AI algorithms committed valuable AUC from 0.8417 to 0.875 to significantly separate disease control group from disease progression group, and SHAP value ranking also revealed PD-L1 + monocytes and PD-L1 + CD8 T cells exclusively and significantly contributed to this discrimination. In summary, the current study demonstrated that integrally analyzing immune cell profiling with AI algorithms could serve as predictive biomarkers of ICI treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-858X
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2002
    In:  Flow Measurement and Instrumentation Vol. 13, No. 5-6 ( 2002-12), p. 265-270
    In: Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, Elsevier BV, Vol. 13, No. 5-6 ( 2002-12), p. 265-270
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0955-5986
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2002
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Informa UK Limited ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Food Products Marketing Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2011-07), p. 420-440
    In: Journal of Food Products Marketing, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2011-07), p. 420-440
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1045-4446 , 1540-4102
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2011
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    SSG: 3,2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2021
    In:  Journal of the Chinese Medical Association Vol. 84, No. 2 ( 2021-02), p. 144-150
    In: Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 84, No. 2 ( 2021-02), p. 144-150
    Abstract: Remarkable progress has been made in immunotherapy, specifically antibodies for programmed death 1 (PD-1) or programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), for treating advanced cancers. In this study, we explored whether circulating immune cells can be used as biomarkers of the efficacy of such therapy. Methods: We enrolled patients who received nivolumab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in clinical trials and who consented to the collection of their peripheral blood. Using flow cytometry, we analyzed lymphocyte subclasses and the PD-1 or PD-L1 positivity of immune cells. These results were compared between patients with disease control (complete response, partial response, or stable disease) and those with disease progression. Results: This study included 16 patients. The objective response rate was 19%, and the disease control rate was 75%. The hemogram results and the percentage of total αβ T cells or CD4 T cells did not significantly change after nivolumab treatment; moreover, they were not associated with treatment outcomes. The number of CD8 T cells significantly increased after 4 weeks ( p  = 0.016); however, this change was not associated with treatment outcomes. Patients with disease control exhibited peripheral B cells with significantly lower pretreatment PD-1 positivity than did patients with disease progression ( p  = 0.042). Patients with disease progression were more likely to exhibit monocytes with increased PD-L1 positivity after 28 ( p  = 0.020) or 42 ( p  = 0.008) days of treatment. Conclusion: The low pretreatment PD-1 positivity of peripheral B cells and the constant posttreatment PD-L1 positivity of monocytes were associated with disease control after nivolumab treatment for advanced HCC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4901
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2008
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2071, No. 1 ( 2008-01), p. 109-116
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2071, No. 1 ( 2008-01), p. 109-116
    Abstract: The Highway Capacity Manual (HCM 2000) displayed the figure Exhibit 10-15 for the purpose of forecasting the likely intersection control types for future facilities. Because this figure is from a source external to HCM, to verify it, this paper employs HCM methodologies for the estimation and comparison of control delay, the choice measure of effectiveness at intersections controlled by signal, all-way stop signs, and two-way stop signs. After detailed analyses of more than 5,000 cases using Highway Capacity Software, results of control delay with various control types under a wide range of demand conditions were charted for comparison with Exhibit 10-15. It is found that Exhibit 10-15 is inconsistent with the results from HCM methodologies and, perhaps, should be replaced with the figures developed in this paper. On the basis of the criterion of minimizing delay alone, it is found that if demand is unbalanced between major and minor streets and if the traffic is low on minor streets, two-way-stop control should be used; if demand is somewhat balanced and minor streets see low to medium traffic, all-way-stop control is preferred; otherwise, signal control should be favored. The paper also demonstrates that the percentage of left-turning traffic has a significant effect on decisions involving intersection control types.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 190260-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    BMJ ; 2022
    In:  Lupus Science & Medicine Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2022-06), p. e000693-
    In: Lupus Science & Medicine, BMJ, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2022-06), p. e000693-
    Abstract: Diagnosis of SLE is based on clinical manifestations but is heterogeneous in early onset. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the feature of the immunoprofiling in patients with SLE and apply it to develop an immune signature algorithm for supporting SLE diagnosis. Methods We enrolled 13 newly diagnosed patients with SLE and 9 healthy controls (HCs) followed by analysing their immunoprofilings within their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) through flow cytometry. The immunoprofiling from the patients with SLE and HCs were ranked and formed an immune signature score. Besides, we enrolled four patients with SLE and monitored the changes in their immunoprofilings after immunosuppressant treatment. Results Among 93 immune cell subsets, 29 differed significantly between patients with SLE and HCs, and lower dendritic and natural killer cell percentages and a higher CD8 + T-cell percentage were identified in patients with SLE. In an investigation of immune-tolerant-related cell subsets, higher concentrations of CD8 + regulatory natural killer T cells, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) + T cells, and lower concentrations of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) + PBMCs were observed in the SLE group. The immune signature score from patients with SLE was significantly different from that from the HCs. After treatment, the disease activity of the four patients were tended to stable and percentages of PD-L1 + monocytes, PD-1 + CD4 T and CD8 T cells in patients with SLE exhibited positively and negatively correlation with the SLEDAI-2K (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000) score, which might associate with the remission of SLE. Conclusions The comparison of immunprofiling between patients with SLE and HCs exhibited a distinct pattern. This difference and its application to immune signature algorithm shed light on the studies of SLE pathogenesis and immune-based diagnostic tool development in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2053-8790
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2779620-6
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2013
    In:  Open Engineering Vol. 3, No. 4 ( 2013-01-1)
    In: Open Engineering, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 3, No. 4 ( 2013-01-1)
    Abstract: Inductance loop detection systems serve as a primary data source to contemporary traffic information systems. Measures like 20-second or 30-second average velocity, flow, and lane occupancy can be aggregated from individual loop detector actuation sampled at 60 Hz typically. Practically, these measures would sometimes be further aggregated into a much lower, e.g. 15-minute, resolution and then the raw data were lost. Valuable traffic information like flow variation may be distorted when the lower resolution aggregation is practiced. A biased conclusion could be drawn from a data integration system consisted of this kind of distortions. Three approaches estimating a peak hour factor based on traffic volume from loop detection systems are introduced in this paper to explore such a quality issue for data integration systems. Peak hour factor is commonly used in Highway Capacity Manual for determining and evaluating future system needs. By processing the raw data with the introduced approaches, different PHFs can be determined from a same traffic dataset. It is found that 2% to 5% (about one standard deviation from the mean) reduction in PHF may have 5 to 20 seconds increase in control delay estimation. The results suggest that distortion of control delay estimation at a signalized intersection exists due to an improper aggregation. That is, data quality might not be good enough for a right decision if the data were not processed appropriately.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2391-5439
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2825447-8
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