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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2021
    In:  Science Vol. 373, No. 6550 ( 2021-07-02), p. 51-55
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 373, No. 6550 ( 2021-07-02), p. 51-55
    Abstract: Plastic contamination of the environment is a global problem whose magnitude justifies the consideration of plastics as emergent geomaterials with chemistries not previously seen in Earth’s history. At the elemental level, plastics are predominantly carbon. The comparison of plastic stocks and fluxes to those of carbon reveals that the quantities of plastics present in some ecosystems rival the quantity of natural organic carbon and suggests that geochemists should now consider plastics in their analyses. Acknowledging plastics as geomaterials and adopting geochemical insights and methods can expedite our understanding of plastics in the Earth system. Plastics also can be used as global-scale tracers to advance Earth system science.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2021
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
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    SSG: 11
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Sustainable Earth Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    In: Sustainable Earth, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: This paper recounts the two-year journey of an eight-member public Massachusetts high school environmental club that set out to decrease their local community’s consumption of single-use plastics. In the academic years 2016–2018, launched by a presentation by co-author Dr. Kara Lavender Law, the students wrestled with the global problem of plastic environmental debris within their local sphere of influence. They petitioned town government to regulate against local merchants’ dispensing thin-film plastic bags or selling single-use plastic water bottles 〈  1 L in size. The journey called upon them to participate in the democratic process, and through it to inform the citizenry, entertain opposing viewpoints, counter strident opposition with facts, enlist allies, and build broad consensus. After a two-year process, the project arrived at a successful result. They learned through experience that with tenacity, they could make democracy work for their ethical ideals.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2520-8748
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2949382-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2017
    In:  Science Advances Vol. 3, No. 7 ( 2017-07-07)
    In: Science Advances, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 3, No. 7 ( 2017-07-07)
    Abstract: Plastics have outgrown most man-made materials and have long been under environmental scrutiny. However, robust global information, particularly about their end-of-life fate, is lacking. By identifying and synthesizing dispersed data on production, use, and end-of-life management of polymer resins, synthetic fibers, and additives, we present the first global analysis of all mass-produced plastics ever manufactured. We estimate that 8300 million metric tons (Mt) as of virgin plastics have been produced to date. As of 2015, approximately 6300 Mt of plastic waste had been generated, around 9% of which had been recycled, 12% was incinerated, and 79% was accumulated in landfills or the natural environment. If current production and waste management trends continue, roughly 12,000 Mt of plastic waste will be in landfills or in the natural environment by 2050.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2375-2548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2810933-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2011
    In:  Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union Vol. 92, No. 28 ( 2011-07-12), p. 235-235
    In: Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 92, No. 28 ( 2011-07-12), p. 235-235
    Abstract: Fifth International Marine Debris Conference: Hydrodynamics of Marine Debris; Honolulu, Hawaii, 20 March 2011 ; Ocean pollution in the form of marine debris, especially plastic debris, has received increasing public and media attention in recent years through striking but frequently inaccurate descriptions of “;garbage patches.” Marine debris is composed of all manufactured materials, including glass, metal, paper, fibers, and plastic, that have been deliberately dumped or that accidentally entered the marine environment. Marine debris is most visible on beaches, but it has been observed in all oceans and in such remote locations as on the deep seabed and floating in the middle of subtropical ocean gyres. While many initiatives have been developed to solve this pollution problem through prevention and cleanup efforts, there is relatively little scientific information available to assess the current status of the problem or to provide metrics to gauge the success of remediation measures. With this in mind, a full‐day workshop entitled “Hydrodynamics of Marine Debris” was convened at the Fifth International Marine Debris Conference in Hawaii, bringing together observational scientists and oceanographic modelers to outline the steps necessary to quantify the major sources and sinks of marine debris and the pathways between them. The ultimate goal in integrating the two approaches of study is to quantify the basinscale and global inventory of marine debris by closing the associated mass budgets.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0096-3941 , 2324-9250
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2011
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 240154-X
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2016
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 43, No. 6 ( 2016-03-28), p. 2700-2708
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 43, No. 6 ( 2016-03-28), p. 2700-2708
    Abstract: Profiling float displacements show variability in North Atlantic circulation at 1 km depth Floats suggest slowdown of Labrador Sea boundary currents from 1997–2013, near limit of detectability Floats are funneled with the North Atlantic Current through fractures of Mid‐Atlantic Ridge
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021599-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Nature Vol. 619, No. 7969 ( 2023-07-13), p. 254-255
    In: Nature, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 619, No. 7969 ( 2023-07-13), p. 254-255
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-0836 , 1476-4687
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 120714-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1413423-8
    SSG: 11
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Annual Reviews ; 2017
    In:  Annual Review of Marine Science Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2017-01-03), p. 205-229
    In: Annual Review of Marine Science, Annual Reviews, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2017-01-03), p. 205-229
    Abstract: Plastics contamination in the marine environment was first reported nearly 50 years ago, less than two decades after the rise of commercial plastics production, when less than 50 million metric tons were produced per year. In 2014, global plastics production surpassed 300 million metric tons per year. Plastic debris has been detected worldwide in all major marine habitats, in sizes from microns to meters. In response, concerns about risks to marine wildlife upon exposure to the varied forms of plastic debris have increased, stimulating new research into the extent and consequences of plastics contamination in the marine environment. Here, I present a framework to evaluate the current understanding of the sources, distribution, fate, and impacts of marine plastics. Despite remaining knowledge gaps in mass budgeting and challenges in investigating ecological impacts, the increasing evidence of the ubiquity of plastics contamination in the marine environment, the continued rapid growth in plastics production, and the evidence—albeit limited—of demonstrated impacts to marine wildlife support immediate implementation of source-reducing measures to decrease the potential risks of plastics in the marine ecosystem.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1941-1405 , 1941-0611
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Annual Reviews
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2458404-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    IOP Publishing ; 2017
    In:  Environmental Research Letters Vol. 12, No. 11 ( 2017-11-01), p. 114028-
    In: Environmental Research Letters, IOP Publishing, Vol. 12, No. 11 ( 2017-11-01), p. 114028-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1748-9326
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2255379-4
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  • 9
    In: Environmental Research Letters, IOP Publishing, Vol. 15, No. 2 ( 2020-02-01), p. 023003-
    Abstract: Marine plastic debris floating on the ocean surface is a major environmental problem. However, its distribution in the ocean is poorly mapped, and most of the plastic waste estimated to have entered the ocean from land is unaccounted for. Better understanding of how plastic debris is transported from coastal and marine sources is crucial to quantify and close the global inventory of marine plastics, which in turn represents critical information for mitigation or policy strategies. At the same time, plastic is a unique tracer that provides an opportunity to learn more about the physics and dynamics of our ocean across multiple scales, from the Ekman convergence in basin-scale gyres to individual waves in the surfzone. In this review, we comprehensively discuss what is known about the different processes that govern the transport of floating marine plastic debris in both the open ocean and the coastal zones, based on the published literature and referring to insights from neighbouring fields such as oil spill dispersion, marine safety recovery, plankton connectivity, and others. We discuss how measurements of marine plastics (both in situ and in the laboratory), remote sensing, and numerical simulations can elucidate these processes and their interactions across spatio-temporal scales.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1748-9326
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2255379-4
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  • 10
    In: Environmental Research Letters, IOP Publishing, Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2015-12-01), p. 124006-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1748-9326
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2255379-4
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