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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The association of stroke severity with health-related quality of life in survivors of acute cerebrovascular disease and their informal caregivers during the first year post stroke: a survey study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Quality of Life Research Vol. 29, No. 10 ( 2020-10), p. 2679-2693
    Details
    In: Quality of Life Research, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 29, No. 10 ( 2020-10), p. 2679-2693
    Abstract: To describe the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of caregivers and survivors of transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and stroke during one year post discharge in comparison to age- and sex-matched population norms; and to analyse the association of initial stroke severity, measured by a routinely used stroke-specific scale, on subsequent HRQoL of caregivers and survivors. Methods Cohort of hospitalized patients with TIA and stroke discharged alive from a large university hospital in Norway, and their informal caregivers. Questionnaires at 3 and 12 months post discharge were filled out by caregivers ( n  = 320 and n  = 326, respectively) and survivors ( n  = 368 and n  = 383, respectively). Multivariable linear regression analyses tested associations between initial stroke severity (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS) and HRQoL (EQ-5D-3L) in caregivers and survivors. Results Caregivers of survivors with TIA or stroke did not report lower HRQoL than matched norms. There was some evidence of an association of the NIHSS with caregiver HRQoL at 3 months only (age–sex-adjusted coefficient − 0.01, p  = 0.008), however, this was attenuated after additional adjustments. Survivors with stroke, but not TIA, reported lower HRQoL than population norms at both time points. There was a negative association between higher NIHSS scores and survivors’ HRQoL; fully adjusted coefficient − 0.01 at both time points ( p  = 0.001). Conclusion The informal caregivers and survivors with TIA did not report lower than expected HRQoL. Increasing stroke severity was associated with decreasing HRQoL among survivors, but had limited predictive value among caregivers. Other factors may therefore be better indicators of ‘at risk’ caregivers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0962-9343 , 1573-2649
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02516-3
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008960-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Patient and service factors associated with referral and admission to inpatient rehabilitation after the acute phase of stroke in Australia and Norway
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  BMC Health Services Research Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2019-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Health Services Research, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2019-12)
    Abstract: Unequal access to inpatient rehabilitation after stroke has been reported. We sought to identify and compare patient and service factors associated with referral and admission to an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) after acute hospital care for stroke in two countries with publicly-funded healthcare. Methods We compared two cohorts of stroke patients admitted consecutively to eight acute public hospitals in Australia in 2013–2014 ( n  = 553), and to one large university hospital in Norway in 2012–2013 ( n  = 723). Outcomes were: referral to an IRF; admission to an IRF if referred. Logistic regression models were used to identify and compare factors associated with each outcome. Results Participants were similar in both cohorts: mean age 73 years, 40–44% female, 12–13% intracerebral haemorrhage, ~ 77% mild stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 〈  8). Services received during the acute admission differed (Australia vs. Norway): stroke unit treatment 82% vs. 97%, physiotherapy 93% vs. 79%, occupational therapy 83% vs. 77%, speech therapy 78% vs. 13%. Proportions referred to an IRF were: 48% (Australia) and 37% (Norway); proportions admitted: 35% (Australia) and 28% (Norway). Factors associated with referral in both countries were: moderately severe stroke, receiving stroke unit treatment or allied health assessments during the acute admission, living in the community, and independent pre-stroke mobility. Directions of associations were mostly congruent; however younger patients were more likely to be referred and admitted in Norway only. Models for admission among patients referred identified few associated factors suggesting that additional factors were important for this stage of the process. Conclusions Similar factors were associated with referral to inpatient rehabilitation after acute stroke in both countries, despite differing service provision and access rates. Assuming it is not feasible to provide inpatient rehabilitation to all patients following stroke, the criteria for the selection of candidates need to be understood to address unwanted biases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1472-6963
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4713-x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stroke incidence in the young: evidence from a Norwegian register study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Neurology Vol. 266, No. 1 ( 2019-1), p. 68-84
    Details
    In: Journal of Neurology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 266, No. 1 ( 2019-1), p. 68-84
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0340-5354 , 1432-1459
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00415-018-9102-6
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1421299-7
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    SARS-CoV-2 infections and hospitalisations among immigrants in Norway-significance of occupation, household crowding, education, household income and medical risk: a nationwide register study
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Scandinavian Journal of Public Health Vol. 50, No. 6 ( 2022-08), p. 772-781
    Details
    In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, SAGE Publications, Vol. 50, No. 6 ( 2022-08), p. 772-781
    Abstract: As in other countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected Norway’s immigrant population disproportionately, with significantly higher infection rates and hospitalisations. The reasons for this are uncertain. Methods: Through the national emergency preparedness register, BeredtC19, we have studied laboratory-confirmed infections with SARS-CoV-2 and related hospitalisations in the entire Norwegian population, by birth-country background for the period 15 June 2020 to 31 March 2021, excluding the first wave due to limited test capacity and restrictive test criteria. Straightforward linkage of individual-level data allowed adjustment for demographics, socioeconomic factors (occupation, household crowding, education and household income), and underlying medical risk for severe COVID-19 in regression models. Results: The sample comprised 5.49 million persons, of which 0.91 million were born outside of Norway, there were 82,532 confirmed cases and 3088 hospitalisations. Confirmed infections in this period (per 100,000): foreign-born 3140, Norwegian-born with foreign-born parents 4799 and Norwegian-born with Norwegian-born parent(s) 1011. Hospitalisations (per 100,000): foreign-born 147, Norwegian-born with foreign-born parents 47 and Norwegian-born with Norwegian-born parent(s) 37. The addition of socioeconomic and medical factors to the base model (age, sex, municipality of residence) attenuated excess infection rates by 12.0% and hospitalisations by 3.8% among foreign-born, and 10.9% and 46.2%, respectively, among Norwegian-born with foreign parents, compared to Norwegian-born with Norwegian-born parent(s). Conclusions: There were large differences in infection rates and hospitalisations by country background, and these do not appear to be fully explained by socioeconomic and medical factors. Our results may have implications for health policy, including the targeting of mitigation strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1403-4948 , 1651-1905
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/14034948221075029
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027122-0
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Variation in disease in children according to immigrant background
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Scandinavian Journal of Public Health Vol. 51, No. 3 ( 2023-05), p. 355-362
    Details
    In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, SAGE Publications, Vol. 51, No. 3 ( 2023-05), p. 355-362
    Abstract: A growing proportion of children born in Europe are born to immigrant parents. Knowledge about their health is essential for preventive and curative medicine and health services planning. Objective: To investigate differences in diagnoses given in secondary and tertiary healthcare between Norwegian-born children to immigrant and non-immigrant parents. Methods: Data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, the Norwegian Patient Registry and Statistics Norway were linked by the national personal identification number. The study population included children born in Norway aged 0–10 years between 2008 and 2018 ( N=1,015,267). Diagnostic categories from three main domains of physical health, given in secondary or tertiary care; infections, non-infectious medical conditions and non-infectious neurological conditions were included from 2008 onwards. Hazards of diagnoses by immigrant background were assessed by Cox regressions adjusted for sex and birth year. Results: Children of immigrants generally had higher hazards than children with Norwegian background of some types of infections, obesity, nutrition-related disorders, skin diseases, blood disease and genital disease. Children of immigrants from Africa also had higher hazards of cerebral palsy, cerebrovascular diseases and epilepsy. Conversely, most groups of children of immigrants had lower hazards of acute lower respiratory tract infections, infections of the musculoskeletal system, infections of the central nervous system, diseases of the circulatory system, hearing impairment, immune system disorders, chronic lower respiratory disease and headache conditions. Conclusions: Children of immigrants did not present with overall worse health than children without immigrant background, but the distribution of health problems varied between groups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1403-4948 , 1651-1905
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/14034948211039397
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stroke unit demand in Norway – present and future estimates
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  BMC Health Services Research Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2022-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Health Services Research, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2022-12)
    Abstract: All stroke patients should receive timely admission to a stroke unit (SU). Consequently, most patients with suspected strokes – including stroke mimics (SM) are admitted. The aim of this study was to estimate the current total demand for SU bed capacity today and give estimates for future (2020–2040) demand. Methods Time trend estimates for stroke incidence and time constant estimates for length of stay (LOS) were estimated from the Norwegian Patient Registry (2010–2015). Incidence and LOS models for SMs were based on data from Haukeland University Hospital (2008–2017) and Akershus University Hospital (2020), respectively. The incidence and LOS models were combined with scenarios from Statistic Norway’s population predictions to estimate SU demands for each health region. A telephone survey collected data on the number of currently available SU beds. Results In 2020, 361 SU beds are available, while demand was estimated to 302. The models predict a reduction in stroke incidence, which offsets projected demographic shifts. Still, the estimated demand for 2040 rose to 316, due to an increase in SMs. A variation of this reference scenario, where stroke incidence was frozen at the 2020-level, gave a 2040-demand of 480 beds. Conclusions While the stroke incidence is likely to continue to fall, this appears to be balanced by an increase in SMs. An important uncertainty is how long the trend of decreasing stroke incidence can be expected to continue. Since the most important uncertainty factors point toward a potential increase, which may be as large as 50%, we would recommend that the health authorities plan for a potential increase in the demand for SU bed capacity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1472-6963
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-07385-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Out of sight, out of mind: long-term outcomes for people discharged home, to inpatient rehabilitation and to residential aged care after stroke
    Informa UK Limited ; 2022
    In:  Disability and Rehabilitation Vol. 44, No. 12 ( 2022-06-05), p. 2608-2614
    Details
    In: Disability and Rehabilitation, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 44, No. 12 ( 2022-06-05), p. 2608-2614
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0963-8288 , 1464-5165
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1852616
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475605-5
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    COVID-19 vaccination rates among adolescents (12–17 years) by immigrant background and sociodemographic factors: A nationwide registry study in Norway
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Vaccine Vol. 41, No. 24 ( 2023-06), p. 3673-3680
    Details
    In: Vaccine, Elsevier BV, Vol. 41, No. 24 ( 2023-06), p. 3673-3680
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0264-410X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.079
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468474-3
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Coverage of primary and booster vaccination against COVID-19 by socioeconomic level: A nationwide cross-sectional registry study
    Informa UK Limited ; 2023
    In:  Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2023-01-02)
    Details
    In: Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2023-01-02)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2164-5515 , 2164-554X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2188857
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2664177-X
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Obesity diagnoses in children and adolescents in Norway by immigrant background
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Scandinavian Journal of Public Health
    Details
    In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Relatively few obese children and adolescents receive specialist treatment. Our aim was to assess associations between risk of receiving an obesity diagnosis in secondary/tertiary health services by socio-economic position and immigrant background in order ultimately to improve equity in health services. Methods: The study population comprised Norwegian-born children aged 2–18 years between 2008 and 2018 ( N=1,414,623), identified via the Medical Birth Registry. Cox regressions were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) of an obesity diagnosis from secondary/tertiary health services (Norwegian Patient Registry) by parental education and household income and by immigrant background. Results: Higher parental education and household income were associated with a lower hazard of obesity diagnosis regardless of Norwegian versus immigrant background. Compared to having a Norwegian background, having a Latin American (HR=4.12; 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.18–5.34), African (HR=1.54; 95% CI 1.34–1.76) and Asian (HR=1.60; 95% CI 1.48–1.74) background was associated with higher hazard of obesity diagnosis. Adjusted for parental education and household income, corresponding HRs were 3.28 (95% CI 2.95–3.65) for Latin America, 0.95 (95% CI 0.90–1.01) for Africa and 1.08 (95% CI 1.04–1.11) for Asia. Within Asia, those with a background from Pakistan, Turkey, Iraq and Iran had higher hazards than those with a Norwegian background, while those with a background from Vietnam had lower hazards, even after adjusting for parental education and household income. Conclusions: To ensure more equitable treatment, more knowledge is warranted about health-service access and referral patterns, and underlying population prevalence rates, for obese children and adolescents with different immigrant backgrounds.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1403-4948 , 1651-1905
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/14034948231157951
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027122-0
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