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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Level of education is associated with coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a population-based study
    BMJ ; 2022
    In:  BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2022-09), p. e002867-
    Details
    In: BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care, BMJ, Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2022-09), p. e002867-
    Abstract: To study the relationship between education level and vascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes in Norway. Research design and methods Multiregional population-based cross-sectional study of individuals with type 2 diabetes in primary care. Data were extracted from electronic medical records in the period 2012–2014. Information on education level was obtained from Statistics Norway. Using multivariable multilevel regression analyses on imputed data we analyzed the association between education level and vascular complications. We adjusted for age, sex, HbA1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, smoking and diabetes duration. Results are presented as ORs and 95% CIs. Results Of 8192 individuals with type 2 diabetes included, 34.0% had completed compulsory education, 49.0% upper secondary education and 16.9% higher education. The prevalence of vascular complications in the three education groups was: coronary heart disease 25.9%, 23.0% and 16.9%; stroke 9.6%, 7.4% and 6.6%; chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate 〈 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) 23.9%, 16.8% and 12.6%; and retinopathy 13.9%, 11.5% and 11.7%, respectively. Higher education was associated with lower odds for coronary heart disease (OR 0.59; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.71) and chronic kidney disease (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.60 to 0.93) compared with compulsory education when adjusting for age, sex, HbA1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, smoking and diabetes duration. Conclusions In a country with equal access to healthcare, high education level was associated with lower odds for coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2052-4897
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-002867
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2732918-5
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  • 2
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    Genetic complement deficiencies dissociate the roles of human complement in the inflammatory responses: Lessons from nature
    Elsevier BV ; 2008
    In:  Molecular Immunology Vol. 45, No. 16 ( 2008-10), p. 4145-4146
    Details
    In: Molecular Immunology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 45, No. 16 ( 2008-10), p. 4145-4146
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0161-5890
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2008.08.151
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2013448-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Human genetic deficiencies reveal the roles of complement in the inflammatory network: Lessons from nature
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2009
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 106, No. 37 ( 2009-09-15), p. 15861-15866
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 106, No. 37 ( 2009-09-15), p. 15861-15866
    Abstract: Complement component C5 is crucial for experimental animal inflammatory tissue damage; however, its involvement in human inflammation is incompletely understood. The responses to Gram-negative bacteria were here studied taking advantage of human genetic complement-deficiencies—nature's own knockouts—including a previously undescribed C5 defect. Such deficiencies provide a unique tool for investigating the biological role of proteins. The experimental conditions allowed cross-talk between the different inflammatory pathways using a whole blood model based on the anticoagulant lepirudin, which does not interfere with the complement system. Expression of tissue factor, cell adhesion molecules, and oxidative burst depended highly on C5, mediated through the activation product C5a, whereas granulocyte enzyme release relied mainly on C3 and was C5a-independent. Release of cytokines and chemokines was mediated to varying degrees by complement and CD14; for example, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-8 were more dependent on complement than IFN-γ and IL-6, which were highly dependent on CD14. IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and IFN-γ inducible protein 10 (IP-10) were fully dependent on CD14 and inversely regulated by complement, that is, complement deficiency and complement inhibition enhanced their release. Granulocyte responses were mainly complement-dependent, whereas monocyte responses were more dependent on CD14. Notably, all responses were abolished by combined neutralization of complement and CD14. The present study provides important insight into the comprehensive role of complement in human inflammatory responses to Gram-negative bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0903613106
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
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    The total prevalence of diagnosed diabetes and the quality of diabetes care for the adult population in Salten, Norway
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Scandinavian Journal of Public Health Vol. 50, No. 2 ( 2022-03), p. 161-171
    Details
    In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, SAGE Publications, Vol. 50, No. 2 ( 2022-03), p. 161-171
    Abstract: Objective: To assess the total prevalence of types 1 and 2 diabetes and to describe and compare cardiovascular risk factors, vascular complications and the quality of diabetes care in adults with types 1 and 2 diabetes in Salten, Norway. Research design and methods: Cross-sectional study including all patients with diagnosed diabetes in primary and specialist care in Salten, 2014 (population 80,338). Differences in cardiovascular risk factors, prevalence of vascular complications and attained treatment targets between diabetes types were assessed using regression analyses. Results: We identified 3091 cases of diabetes, giving a total prevalence in all age groups of 3.8%, 3.4% and 0.45% for types 2 and 1 diabetes, respectively. In the age group 30–89 years the prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 5.3%. Among 3027 adults aged 18 years and older with diabetes, 2713 (89.6%) had type 2 and 304 (10.0%) type 1 diabetes. The treatment target for haemoglobin A1c (⩽7.0%/53 mmol/mol) was reached in 61.1% and 22.5% of types 2 and 1 diabetes patients, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex and diabetes duration we found differences between patients with types 2 and 1 diabetes in mean haemoglobin A1c (7.1% vs. 7.5%, P 〈 0.001), blood pressure (136/78 mmHg vs. 131/74 mmHg, P 〈 0.001) and prevalence of coronary heart disease (23.1% vs. 15.8%, P 〈 0.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of diagnosed type 2 diabetes was slightly lower than anticipated. Glycaemic control was not satisfactory in the majority of patients with type 1 diabetes. Coronary heart disease was more prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1403-4948 , 1651-1905
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1403494820951004
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027122-0
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  • 5
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    Comparison of cytokine changes in three different lipoprotein apheresis systems in an ex vivo whole blood model
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Apheresis Vol. 35, No. 2 ( 2020-04), p. 104-116
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Apheresis, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 2 ( 2020-04), p. 104-116
    Abstract: Even if proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors have replaced lipoprotein apheresis in many patients, lipoprotein apheresis still is an important option in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, progressive atherosclerosis or when removal of lipoprotein(a) is indicated. Additional possible favorable effects beyond lipid lowering could include changes in the concentration of cytokines and improvement of hemorheology. Methods We evaluated how whole blood adsorption, dextran sulfate plasma adsorption, and double filtration plasmapheresis lipoprotein apheresis systems affected cytokine concentrations, using a human whole blood ex vivo model differentiating the effect of the lipoprotein apheresis and plasma separation columns and describing temporal changes. Results Compared to the control bag, the whole blood adsorption system reduced Interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), IL‐8, IL‐1ra, eotaxin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP‐1), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)‐BB, regulated on activation T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), macrophage inflammatory protein‐1β (MIP‐1β), and IP‐10 ( P   〈  .05). The dextran sulfate plasma adsorption system reduced IFN‐γ, IL‐8, IL‐1ra, eotaxin, TNF, MCP‐1, PDGF‐BB, MIP‐1β, and IP‐10 ( P   〈  .05). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) were increased in the whole blood and dextran sulfate plasma adsorption systems ( P   〈  .05). The double filtration plasmapheresis system reduced IFN‐γ, IL‐1ra, TNF, MIP‐1β, and IP‐10 ( P   〈  .05), while MCP‐1,VEGF, GM‐CSF, and RANTES were increased ( P   〈  .05). The plasma separation column increased concentration of RANTES, and was a barrier to reduction of eotaxin. Temporal patterns of concentration change indicated first pass increase of PDGF‐BB and first pass reduction of IP‐10. Conclusion There were marked differences in how the three systems affected total and temporal cytokine concentration changes in this in vitro model, as well as compared to former in vivo studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0733-2459 , 1098-1101
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jca.v35.2
    DOI: 10.1002/jca.21765
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001633-5
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  • 6
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    Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress among Patients with Cardiac Pacemakers
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 24 ( 2022-12-15), p. 16838-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 24 ( 2022-12-15), p. 16838-
    Abstract: Despite being a prerequisite for tailoring specific therapeutic interventions, knowledge of pattern and prevalence of clinically significant psychiatric symptomatology among patients with cardiac pacemakers (PMs), especially of symptoms of posttraumatic stress, is limited. We studied symptoms of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress among PM patients (PM due to syncope or presyncope) compared to participants of (i) a cardiac, (ii) a chronic disease, and (iii) a healthy control group. Symptoms of depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress were measured by validated self-report scales at least 6 months after implantation of the PM (PM group; n = 38), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI; PCI control group; n = 23), and first dialysis (Dialysis control group; n = 17). Blood donors constituted the Healthy control group (n = 42). Both PM, PCI, and dialysis patients reported depressive symptoms above clinical cut-off more frequently than the healthy controls (16.2, 26.1, 41.2, and 0%, respectively; p 〈 0.001). Self-report of symptoms of anxiety and posttraumatic stress did not differ significantly across study groups. However, a non-negligible proportion of PM patients reported on symptoms of posttraumatic stress of anticipated clinical relevance. Identification and treatment of depression deserves attention in clinical routine in all three patient populations. Further study of posttraumatic stress in PM patients seems advisable.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416838
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 7
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    Telemonitoring and Quality of Life in Patients after 12 Months Following a Pacemaker Implant: the Nordland Study, a Randomised Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 16, No. 11 ( 2019-06-05), p. 2001-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 11 ( 2019-06-05), p. 2001-
    Abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyse the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients followed up using a remote device-monitoring system (TM) compared to patients followed up through standard outpatient visits (HM), 12 months after the implantation of a pacemaker. This was a trial design that used the EuroQol-5D Questionnaire and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHF). The HRQoL of a cohort of 50 consecutive patients randomly allocated to one of the two follow-up modalities was measured at baseline and then during follow-up, 12 months after the pacemaker implantation. Eventually, 23 patients were followed-up through standard outpatient visits, while 23 used a remote monitoring system. Results: The baseline clinical characteristics and health-related quality of life of the patients from both groups were observed to be statistically similar. Twelve months after the pacemaker implantation, both groups showed statistically significant improvements in the baseline parameters based on the MLHF. The patients followed up through hospital visits showed a greater increase in MLHF-HRQoL after 12 months, although the increase was not significantly greater than that of the TM group. Furthermore, the frequencies of emergency visits and re-hospitalisations did not differ between the groups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16112001
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 8
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    Effectiveness and Safety in Remote Monitoring of Patients with Pacemakers Five Years after an Implant: The Poniente Study
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2020-02-23), p. 1431-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2020-02-23), p. 1431-
    Abstract: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and functional capacity values immediately after pacemaker (PM) implantation have been well established; however, not much has been known about its long-term effects. The present study compared the long-term effectiveness and safety of remote monitoring plus a clinic visit versus clinic visits alone during follow-up of adults implanted with PMs. This study was a single-centre, controlled, non-randomised, non-blinded clinical trial. Data were collected pre-implantation and after 60 months. The patients in the PONIENTE study were assigned to two different groups: remote monitoring (RM) and conventional monitoring (CM). The EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) questionnaire was used to assess HRQoL and Duke Activity Status Index was used for the functional capacity. After five years, 55 patients completed the study (RM = 21; CM = 34). EuroQol-5D and functional capacity values were improved; however, significant differences were observed only in the EQ5D visual analogue scale (p 〈 0.001). Remote monitoring was equally feasible, reliable, safe, and clinically useful as CM. The frequencies of rehospitalisations and emergency visits did not differ between the groups. RM was found to be safe and effective in early detection and treatment of medical- and device-related events and in reducing hospital visits. Improved HRQoL was described not only immediately after PM implantation but also extended over a long time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041431
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 9
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    Lifestyle Changes Followed by Bariatric Surgery Lower Inflammatory Markers and the Cardiovascular Risk Factors C3 and C4
    Mary Ann Liebert Inc ; 2015
    In:  Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2015-02), p. 29-35
    Details
    In: Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, Mary Ann Liebert Inc, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2015-02), p. 29-35
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1540-4196 , 1557-8518
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1089/met.2014.0099
    Language: English
    Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2110505-4
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  • 10
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    Assessing Communication during Remote Follow-Up of Users with Pacemakers in Norway: The NORDLAND Study, a Randomized Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 17, No. 20 ( 2020-10-21), p. 7678-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 20 ( 2020-10-21), p. 7678-
    Abstract: As effective communication is a key ingredient for the provision of quality healthcare services, this study aimed to explore the communication experiences in the remote monitoring of older adults with a pacemaker. The study was based on a non-masked randomized observational design. The Healthcare Communication Questionnaire and in-depth interviews were conducted for data collection. A total of 49 patients participated in the study. The study findings reveal overall positive communication experiences by pacemaker users in remote monitoring with no significant differences from users in hospital monitoring. The remote option is perceived as safe and convenient, and communicating with the clinicians from home is considered comfortable and confidential. The study provides insights into the content of communication experiences in telehealth and practical implications in healthcare contexts. In a world that increasingly relies on remote communication, it is crucial to match technologies to patient needs and assess communication with patients. This will ensure the success of new models of care and establish appropriate criteria for the use of telehealth services. These criteria are all relevant in the implementation of health technology in the future as a part of effective patient-centered care.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207678
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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