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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The quality of flower-based ecosystem services in field margins and road verges from human and insect pollinator perspectives
    Elsevier BV ; 2016
    In:  Ecological Indicators Vol. 70 ( 2016-11), p. 409-419
    Details
    In: Ecological Indicators, Elsevier BV, Vol. 70 ( 2016-11), p. 409-419
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1470-160X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.06.009
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2063587-4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multi-scale ecology of woodland bat the role of species pool, landscape complexity and stand structure
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2015
    In:  Biodiversity and Conservation Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2015-2), p. 337-353
    Details
    In: Biodiversity and Conservation, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2015-2), p. 337-353
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0960-3115 , 1572-9710
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10531-014-0811-6
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000787-5
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 23
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Functional trait dimensions of trophic metacommunities
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Ecography Vol. 44, No. 10 ( 2021-10), p. 1486-1500
    Details
    In: Ecography, Wiley, Vol. 44, No. 10 ( 2021-10), p. 1486-1500
    Abstract: Metacommunity ecology currently lacks a consistent functional trait perspective across trophic levels. To foster new cross‐taxa experiments and field studies, we present hypotheses on how three trait dimensions change along gradients of density of individuals, resource supply and habitat isolation. The movement dimension refers to the ability to move and navigate in space, the tolerance dimension addresses the ability to tolerate prevailing environmental conditions and the interaction dimension aggregates the abilities to acquire resources in competition with other species, to defend against consumers or to profit from other species by mutualism and facilitation. In multi‐trophic studies, functionally analogous traits associated to these dimensions need to be defined across taxa and measured. The dimensions represent subnetworks of strongly correlated traits within the overall phenotypic trait network. These subnetworks can be aggregated to trait modules using dimension reduction techniques. We demonstrate how to derive dimensions from species distributions and trait correlation networks, using salt marshes as an example. We hypothesize that at the single‐community scale, investments by organisms in the tolerance dimension increase with decreasing resource supply. Investments to the interaction dimension increase with increasing density. Communities with densely packed individuals are characterized by convergence under equal competition and by increasing divergence under stabilizing and equalizing competition. At the metacommunity scale, trade‐offs between the movement dimension and the interaction dimension shape the community functional composition. Biomass removal by consumers act as an equalizing factor and increase divergence in the interaction and movement dimension, particularly in well‐connected habitats. As future research directions to advance functional metacommunity ecology, we propose investigating 1) the feasibility of using dimensions as broad generalizations of multiple functions in different meta‐ecosystems, 2) functional trait analogues across taxa, 3) dimension responses and effects on gradients of meta‐ecosystems and 4) matching of functionally analogous traits between trophic levels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0906-7590 , 1600-0587
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ecog.2021.v44.i10
    DOI: 10.1111/ecog.05869
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2024917-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1112659-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multi‐user quality of floral services along a gradient of margin habitats between semi‐natural grasslands and forests
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Applied Vegetation Science Vol. 21, No. 3 ( 2018-07), p. 363-372
    Details
    In: Applied Vegetation Science, Wiley, Vol. 21, No. 3 ( 2018-07), p. 363-372
    Abstract: Do mid‐field forest fragments and margins around them compensate for the loss of floral ecosystem services provided by semi‐natural grasslands? Location Seven habitat types in central and southeast Estonia. Methods Using three properties of service quality – functional Diversity, functional Intensity, and functional Stability (DIS‐system)– we addressed flower colour richness, flower size, and species richness within colour group, respectively. We also considered the human and pollinator perspective, and the seasonal dynamics of flowering. Results Closed‐canopy edges of forests and forest core areas contrasted to semi‐natural grasslands and grassland surrogates in some indicators of species composition, such as proportion of forbs, but less unequivocally in more specific indicators of service quality. Habitats ranked quite similarly from both a human and pollinator perspective, except the human perspective overstated the compositional and service quality of all open habitats. From a human perspective, forest service quality was downgraded in all three service provision properties in comparison to other habitats, while pollinators would see the strong contrast of forests only in flower size (functional intensity). Only south‐exposed close‐canopy edges and particularly outer grassy edges of forests somewhat resembled the quality of grassland surrogates for both user groups. Conclusions The ecosystem service provision quality of a habitat should be evaluated using a set of functional indicators, considering user group specific perception and phenology. Small mid‐field forests only partly substitute for the floral‐based services provided by grasslands, but their role can be improved by selectively opening up the overstorey at forest margins and expanding outer forest margin grasslands.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1402-2001 , 1654-109X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/avsc.2018.21.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/avsc.12376
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053083-3
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    SSG: 23
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Spatial and temporal patterns of initial plant establishment in salt marsh communities
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Vegetation Science Vol. 31, No. 6 ( 2020-11), p. 1122-1132
    Details
    In: Journal of Vegetation Science, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 6 ( 2020-11), p. 1122-1132
    Abstract: How are dispersal processes, abiotic and biotic interactions determining the initial salt marsh plant community establishment and development when connectivity is different? We aim to answer this question by analysing the spatial and temporal patterns of plant establishment along an environmental gradient at two connectivity settings. Location Back‐barrier salt marsh and tidal flats of Spiekeroog, northwest Germany. Methods We established an experiment along a saltmarsh elevation gradient with bare sediment open for spontaneous colonisation on the natural salt marsh and on the experimental salt marsh islands built on the tidal flats approximately 500 m from the natural salt marsh for low connectivity. Plant establishment was identified from georeferenced photos at least monthly. Results Experimental islands as low‐connectivity plots had limited colonisation by annual halophytes that produced large number of small seeds. Number of individuals increased with higher connectivity at patches enclosed by salt marsh. Number of individuals was highest at the mid elevations whereas peak species richness was at the upper salt marsh. Temporal patterns of seedling emergence showed increasing plant numbers until the end of April followed by a gradual decline over the season at the pioneer and lower salt marsh zones. Upper elevations on the other hand had a stable number of low individual counts over time. Spatial clustering of plant individuals indicating possible facilitation was important at the initial stages of salt marsh development at pioneer and lower salt marsh elevation, but only early in the season. Conclusions Stochastic patterns of early salt marsh colonisation indicated that success of species colonisation was determined by seed properties, seed availability and environmental conditions mediated by elevation. We found indications that at the initial stages, further colonisation was supported by already colonised plants but shifted to avoidance later in the season.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1100-9233 , 1654-1103
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jvs.v31.6
    DOI: 10.1111/jvs.12915
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2047714-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1053769-7
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    SSG: 23
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Old manor parks as potential habitats for forest flora in agricultural landscapes of Estonia
    Elsevier BV ; 2012
    In:  Biological Conservation Vol. 146, No. 1 ( 2012-02), p. 144-154
    Details
    In: Biological Conservation, Elsevier BV, Vol. 146, No. 1 ( 2012-02), p. 144-154
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-3207
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2011.11.034
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496231-7
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 23
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long‐term colonization ecology of forest‐dwelling species in a fragmented rural landscape – dispersal versus establishment
    Wiley ; 2014
    In:  Ecology and Evolution Vol. 4, No. 15 ( 2014-08), p. 3113-3126
    Details
    In: Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 4, No. 15 ( 2014-08), p. 3113-3126
    Abstract: Species colonization in a new habitat patch is an efficiency indicator of biodiversity conservation. Colonization is a two‐step process of dispersal and establishment, characterized by the compatibility of plant traits with landscape structure and habitat conditions. Therefore, ecological trait profiling of specialist species is initially required to estimate the relative importance of colonization filters. Old planted parks best satisfy the criteria of a newly created and structurally matured habitat for forest‐dwelling plant species. We sampled species in 230 ancient deciduous forests (source habitat), 74 closed‐canopy manor parks (target habitats), 151 linear wooded habitats (landscape corridors), and 97 open habitats (isolating matrix) in Estonia. We defined two species groups of interest: forest (107 species) and corridor specialists (53 species). An extra group of open habitat specialists was extracted for trait scaling. Differing from expectations, forest specialists have high plasticity in reproduction mechanisms: smaller seeds, larger dispersules, complementary selfing ability, and diversity of dispersal vectors. Forest specialists are shorter, less nutrient‐demanding and mycorrhizal‐dependent, stress‐tolerant disturbance‐sensitive competitors, while corridor specialists are large‐seeded disturbance‐tolerant competitors. About 40% of species from local species pools have immigrated into parks. The historic forest area, establishment‐related traits, and stand quality enhance the colonization of forest specialists. The openness of landscape and mowing in the park facilitate corridor specialists. Species traits in parks vary between a forest and corridor specialist, except for earlier flowering and larger propagules. Forest species are not dispersal limited, but they continue to be limited by habitat properties even in the long term. Therefore, the shady parts of historic parks should be appreciated as important forest biodiversity‐enhancing landscape structures. The habitat quality of secondary stands can be improved by nurturing a heterogeneous shrub and tree layer, and modest herb layer management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-7758 , 2045-7758
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2014.4.issue-15
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1163
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2635675-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Old rural parks support higher biodiversity than forest remnants
    Elsevier BV ; 2013
    In:  Basic and Applied Ecology Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 2013-3), p. 165-173
    Details
    In: Basic and Applied Ecology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 2013-3), p. 165-173
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1439-1791
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2012.12.009
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046320-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 8 ( 2022-2-17)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2022-2-17)
    Abstract: Coastal observatories are key to improve the understanding of processes within the coastal area and their interactions with regional and global environmental changes. The land-sea transition zone is an essential area that allows research on unique scientific questions under anthropogenic and natural influences. Amid the Wadden Sea UNESCO world natural heritage site – the largest tidal flat region worldwide – the barrier island Spiekeroog is an excellent location for an observatory studying land-sea interactions. The integrated Spiekeroog Coastal Observatory (SCO) operated by the Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM, University of Oldenburg ) is dedicated to interdisciplinary marine and terrestrial ecosystem research. Its position within the tidal area and the multitude of research-field addressed establishes the SCO as a unique coastal observatory with the potential to identify patterns in long-term variability and simultaneously understanding short-term changes. The establishment of the Time-Series Station (TSS) Spiekeroog in a tidal channel west of Spiekeroog back in 2002 laid the foundation of the SCO. Since then, the observatory is expanding continuously and is now representing a valuable asset supporting education, industry, government, and environmental conservation efforts in the area. Summing up the infrastructure and technical components, the importance of the SCO is evident, and individual projects greatly benefit from the collaboration with the partners in and the elements of the SCO. Harmonizing the infrastructure and competences of contributing partners will be a next step to further consolidate the SCO. A challenge poses the maintenance of the SCO based on projects, which is focused on the addition of new facilities, not maintaining, refurbishing, or (if necessary) deconstructing existing infrastructure. Therefore, structural support and funding opportunities not linked to projects but aiming to sustain observational capacities are required.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.754905
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.754905.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Image_6.TIF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Vol. 10 ( 2022-9-14)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2022-9-14)
    Abstract: Microphytobenthos (MPBs) are the main primary producers in shallow marine ecosystems, such as the Wadden Sea. We investigated the spatial and temporal dynamics of MPB communities across the marine-terrestrial boundary over three seasons (spring, summer, and fall) on three East Frisian Islands (Norderney, Spiekeroog, and Wangerooge) in the German Wadden Sea. Natural transects were compared with 12 experimental islands (salt marsh vegetated vs. initially bare islands) established on the tidal flats of Spiekeroog for studying dispersal-mediated community assembly. Sediment cores were taken along triplicate transects and on three elevation levels of the experimental islands, corresponding to the pioneer (pio) zone, the lower salt (LS) marsh, and the upper salt (US) marsh. On both the natural transects and the experimental islands, the highest MPB biomass was observed in the pio zone, where vegetation-driven sediment stabilization and high-mud content could have promoted MPB biomass in this marine-terrestrial transition zone. On the experimental islands, MPB biomass and diversity significantly decreased with elevation regardless of the season, indicating that the rarely submerged upper salt marsh level supported minimal MPB growth. The MPB biomass was also higher on initially vegetated than on bare islands, which was the most pronounced on the US level. On the tidal flat transects, the MPB biomass significantly increased with elevation up to the pio zone before decreasing again in the LS marsh. Temperature, sediment water content, and grain size significantly affected transect MPB biomass. MPB diversity, on the other hand, was not related to elevation but was rather determined by temperature, mean grain size, and mud content. Our study suggests that extending MPB studies into the “terrestrial” domain of salt marshes enhances our understanding of the microalgae–plant interaction in this important boundary zone.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-701X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.956092
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.956092.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.956092.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.956092.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.956092.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.956092.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.956092.s006
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.956092.s007
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2745634-1
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