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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of Different Peritoneal Dialysis Fluids on the In Vitro Activity of Cefepime, Ciprofloxacin, Ertapenem, Meropenem and Tobramycin against Escherichia Coli
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2016-11), p. 662-668
    Details
    In: Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis, SAGE Publications, Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2016-11), p. 662-668
    Abstract: Peritonitis is a major problem among patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). The influence of diverse PD fluids on the activity of frequently used antibiotics has been insufficiently investigated. Thus, the present study set out to investigate the impact of different PD fluids on the activity of cefepime, ciprofloxacin, ertapenem, meropenem, and tobramycin against Escherichia coli. Methods Time-kill curves in 4 different PD fluids (Dianeal PDG4, Extraneal, Nutrineal PD4 and Physioneal 40, all Baxter Healthcare Corp., Deerfield, IL, USA) were performed over 24 hours with 4 different concentrations (1 x minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC], 4 x MIC, 8 x MIC, 30 x MIC) of each antibiotic evaluated and without antibiotics as control. Cation-adjusted Mueller Hinton broth (CA-MHB) was used as comparator solution. Results In all PD fluids investigated, bacterial growth and antimicrobial activity of all antibiotics tested was significantly reduced compared with the CA-MHB comparator solution. Except at high concentrations of 30 x MIC, cefepime, ertapenem and meropenem demonstrated a strongly reduced activity in all PD fluids investigated. Ciprofloxacin and tobramycin were highly active and bactericidal in all PD fluids and demonstrated dose-dependent activity. Conclusion The antimicrobial activity of cefepime, ertapenem and meropenem is limited or even nullified in certain PD fluids in vitro, whereas ciprofloxacin and tobramycin show excellent activity. The choice of PD fluids can impact the activity of antimicrobial agents and might influence microbiological outcome. Further studies are required to verify the clinical relevance of our findings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0896-8608 , 1718-4304
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2015.00161
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2075957-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Population pharmacokinetics of meropenem in patients undergoing automated peritoneal dialysis
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis Vol. 43, No. 5 ( 2023-09), p. 402-410
    Details
    In: Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis, SAGE Publications, Vol. 43, No. 5 ( 2023-09), p. 402-410
    Abstract: Meropenem is a second-line agent for the treatment of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PD peritonitis), while information on pharmacokinetics (PK) of intraperitoneal (i.p.) meropenem is limited in this patient group. The objective of the present evaluation was to assess a pharmacokinetic rationale for the selection of meropenem doses in automated PD (APD) patients based on population PK modelling. Methods: Data were available from a PK study in six patients undergoing APD who received a single 500 mg dose of meropenem intravenous or i.p. A population PK model was developed for plasma and dialysate concentrations ( n = 360) using Monolix. Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to assess the probability of achieving meropenem concentrations above minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 2 and 8 mg/L, representing susceptible and less susceptible pathogens respectively, for at least 40% of the dosing interval ( T 〉 MIC ≥ 40%). Results: A two-compartment model for each plasma and dialysate concentrations with one transit compartment for the transfer from plasma to dialysate fluid described the data well. An i.p. dose of 250 and 750 mg, for an MIC of 2 and 8 mg/L respectively, was sufficient to attain the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target ( T 〉 MIC ≥ 40%) in more than 90% patients in plasma and dialysate. Additionally, the model predicted that no relevant meropenem accumulation in plasma and/or peritoneal fluid would occur with prolonged treatment. Conclusion: Our results suggest that an i.p. dose of 750 mg daily is optimal for pathogens with an MIC 2–8 mg/L in APD patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0896-8608 , 1718-4304
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/08968608231167237
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2075957-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Compatibility of ciprofloxacin with commercial peritoneal dialysis solutions
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-04-24)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-04-24)
    Abstract: Intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics together with peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDFs) remains the preferable route for treatment of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis. For home based therapy, antibiotic-containing PDFs are stored for up to two weeks and warmed up to body-temperature before administration. The present study investigated the compatibility of ciprofloxacin with five commercial PDFs at refrigeration-temperature, room-temperature and body-temperature. Ciprofloxacin concentrations were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Drug-diluent stability was evaluated by measurement of pH-values and visual inspection at each sampling point. The antimicrobial activity of ciprofloxacin was assessed by an E. coli disk diffusion method. Ciprofloxacin was stable at refrigeration-temperature and body-temperature in all PDFs evaluated over the whole study period of 14 days and 24 hours, respectively. At room-temperature, in contrast, ciprofloxacin demonstrated only limited stability in particular when tested in mixed Physioneal. Except for Physioneal 1.36%, no relevant drug adsorption was observed and the antimicrobial activity of ciprofloxacin was found to be preserved in each PDF at each storage condition investigated. Intraperitoneal ciprofloxacin might be used for inpatient and home based therapy of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis and no compensatory dose adjustment is needed when stored for up to two weeks at refrigeration-temperature before use.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42854-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dalbavancin for treatment of implant-related methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis in an experimental rat model
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2018
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2018-06-25)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2018-06-25)
    Abstract: Dalbavancin is a new semisynthetic lipoglycopeptide with improved antimicrobial activity against various gram-positive pathogens. It demonstrates an extensive plasma half-life which permits outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy with weekly intervals and might therefore be an excellent treatment alternative for patients requiring prolonged antimicrobial therapy. The present study investigated dalbavancin monotherapy in an experimental implant-related methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) osteomyelitis model. A clinical MRSA isolate and a Kirschner-wire were inserted into the proximal tibia of anaesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. Four weeks after infection 34 animals were treated over 4 weeks with either dalbavancin (20 mg/kg loading-dose; 10 mg/kg daily), vancomycin (50 mg/kg twice daily) or left untreated. Twenty-four hours after the last treatment dose tibial bones and Kirschner-wires were harvested for microbiological examination. Based on quantitative bacterial cultures of osseous tissue, dalbavancin was as effective as vancomycin and both were superior to no treatment. No emergence of an induced glycopeptide-/lipoglycopeptide- resistance was observed after a treatment period of four weeks with either dalbavancin or vancomycin. In conclusion, monotherapy with dalbavancin was shown to be as effective as vancomycin for treatment of experimental implant-related MRSA osteomyelitis in rats, but both antimicrobials demonstrated only limited efficacy. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the clinical efficacy of dalbavancin for the treatment of periprosthetic S. aureus infections.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28006-8
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Treatment of legionellosis including a single intravenous dose of 1.5 g azithromycin: 18-year experience at a tertiary care hospital
    Elsevier BV ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents Vol. 59, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 106481-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Elsevier BV, Vol. 59, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 106481-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0924-8579
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2021.106481
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2011829-6
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Image_2.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2020
    In:  Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Vol. 10 ( 2020-5-19)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2020-5-19)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2235-2988
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00236
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00236.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00236.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00236.s003
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2619676-1
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Software for the frontiers of quantum chemistry: An overview of developments in the Q-Chem 5 package
    AIP Publishing ; 2021
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 155, No. 8 ( 2021-08-28)
    Details
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 155, No. 8 ( 2021-08-28)
    Abstract: This article summarizes technical advances contained in the fifth major release of the Q-Chem quantum chemistry program package, covering developments since 2015. A comprehensive library of exchange–correlation functionals, along with a suite of correlated many-body methods, continues to be a hallmark of the Q-Chem software. The many-body methods include novel variants of both coupled-cluster and configuration-interaction approaches along with methods based on the algebraic diagrammatic construction and variational reduced density-matrix methods. Methods highlighted in Q-Chem 5 include a suite of tools for modeling core-level spectroscopy, methods for describing metastable resonances, methods for computing vibronic spectra, the nuclear–electronic orbital method, and several different energy decomposition analysis techniques. High-performance capabilities including multithreaded parallelism and support for calculations on graphics processing units are described. Q-Chem boasts a community of well over 100 active academic developers, and the continuing evolution of the software is supported by an “open teamware” model and an increasingly modular design.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0055522
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3113-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473050-9
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    DataSheet_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 13 ( 2022-2-7)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-2-7)
    Abstract: Convalescent plasma is a suggested treatment for Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), but its efficacy is uncertain. We aimed to evaluate whether the use of convalescent plasma is associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with Covid-19.In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched randomized controlled trials investigating the use of convalescent plasma in patients with Covid-19 in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and medRxiv from inception to October 17 th , 2021. Two reviewers independently extracted the data. The primary efficacy outcome was all-cause mortality. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) method were used. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021284861. Of the 8874 studies identified in the initial search, sixteen trials comprising 16 317 patients with Covid-19 were included. In the overall population, the all-cause mortality was 23.8% (2025 of 8524) with convalescent plasma and 24.4% (1903 of 7769) with standard of care (risk ratio (RR) 0.97, 95% CI 0.90-1.04) (high-certainty evidence). All-cause mortality did not differ in the subgroups of noncritically ill (21.7% [1288 of 5929] vs. 22.4% [1320 of 5882] ) and critically ill (36.9% [518 of 1404] vs. 36.4% [455 of 1247] ) patients with Covid-19. The use of convalescent plasma in patients who tested negative for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at baseline was not associated with significantly improved survival (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.87-1.02). In the overall study population, initiation of mechanical ventilation (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.88-1.07), time to clinical improvement (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.91-1.30), and time to discharge (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.89-1.02) were similar between the two groups. In patients with Covid-19, treatment with convalescent plasma, as compared with control, was not associated with lower all-cause mortality or improved disease progression, irrespective of disease severity and baseline antibody status. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ , identifier PROSPERO ( CRD42021284861 ).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.817829
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.817829.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Compatibility of aztreonam in four commercial peritoneal dialysis fluids
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2020-02-04)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2020-02-04)
    Abstract: The preferable route for treatment of peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis remains the intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics admixed to peritoneal dialysis fluids. It is important to know whether the administered drug is compatible with the PD fluids and its container. In the present study the compatibility of aztreonam with four commercial PDFs at storing temperatures and duration representative for storing conditions in the clinical settings was investigated. Aztreonam concentrations were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. The antimicrobial activity of aztreonam was evaluated using an E. coli diffusion disk inhibition assay and P. aeruginosa time-kill curves. In Extraneal evaluated at 6 °C, 25 °C and 37 °C aztreonam was stable over the whole study period of 14 days and 24 hours, respectively. In Physioneal and Nutrineal aztreonam was stable at 6 °C for up to 14 days. Antimicrobial activity was retained in all PD fluids over the whole study period. Aztreonam remained stable and was compatible with the PD fluids, particularly with Extraneal or Nutrineal, and no compensatory dose adjustment is needed when stored for up to 14 days at refrigeration temperature before use.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58391-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    In vitro evaluation of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs against rheumatoid arthritis associated pathogens of the oral microflora
    BMJ ; 2021
    In:  RMD Open Vol. 7, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. e001737-
    Details
    In: RMD Open, BMJ, Vol. 7, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. e001737-
    Abstract: In the past, the human microbiome has consistently been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and disease activity. Here, we investigate the antimicrobial activity of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) against typical representatives of the oral microflora that have been associated with RA. Methods DMARDs were screened for antimicrobial activity against bacteria that are associated with the pathogenesis of the disease and/or frequently isolated from the oral microflora of patients with RA. Screening was done by an agar diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobial active substances were then determined by broth dilution. Results Aurothiomalate and sulfasalazine demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, but with MICs ranging from 18 to 〉 280 µg/mL and 150 to 〉 600 µg/mL, respectively, only at supratherapeutic concentrations. Methotrexate showed antimicrobial activity only against Fusobacterium nucleatum and Viridans streptococci . The corresponding MICs were 3.75 to 〉 30 µg/mL and 0.5–15 µg/mL, respectively, thus at least for streptococci, within the therapeutically achievable range. No other DMARD tested showed antimicrobial activity in the agar diffusion screening assay. Conclusion Methotrexate, sulfasalazine and aurothiomalate showed antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of RA associated pathogens of the oral microflora. While methotrexate showed relevant antimicrobial activity, and to a more limited extent aurothiomalate, sulfasalazine was active only at far supratherapeutic systemic concentrations. Nevertheless, given the highly species-dependent antimicrobial activity and the multiple ways it can affect the human microbiome, our results suggest a link between antimicrobially active antirheumatic drugs and their potential effect in the treatment of RA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2056-5933
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2021-001737
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2812592-7
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