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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Metasomatic gabbroids – markers in the tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Eastern Rhodopes
    Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences ; 1999
    In:  Geologica Balcanica Vol. 29, No. 1-2 ( 1999-06-30), p. 89-109
    Details
    In: Geologica Balcanica, Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Vol. 29, No. 1-2 ( 1999-06-30), p. 89-109
    Abstract: Metasomatic gabbroids – markers in the tectonometamorphic evolution of the Eastern Rhodopes. Pegmatite-aplitic veins cut the serpentinites of Precambrian ophiolite association in Byala Rcka anticline. As a result, bimetasomalic reactions took place and dyke-like bodies of metasomatic rocks, similar to gabbros appear. The bodies are concordant with the schistosity of the serpentinites. The rocks have coarse-grained, spotted or slightly schistose structure. Their mineral composition is dominated by zoisite, epidote, and plagioclase ranging between albite-oligoclase and anorthite. Thc other common minerals are diopside, quartz, talc, chlorite, amphibole (actinolite and hastingsite), grossular, K-feldspar, titanite, dolomite. The texture is commonly pseudomorphos, corrosional, simplectitic, diablastic. The varying chemical composition of the metasomatites distincts them from the petrochemical group of the basic magmatic rocks. On the other hand, they differ in structure, texture, character of the deformation, and chemical and mineral composition from the earlier metamorphosed basic magmatic rocks which are components of the ophiolitic association. The metasomatic gabbroids are synmetamorphic, postdeformation reaction products related to the differentiates of later deep level migmatization of the Prarhodopian Supergroup. They were formed during the second metamorphic event of the second metamorphic cycle. Probably, the metasomatic gabbroids were synchronous to the gneiss-granites from the Orlov vruh peak. Temporally they follow the stage of syndeformation metamorphic recrystallisation and mark the beginning of the ultrabasic rock assimilation. The metasomatic gabbro ids are important markers in the evolution of the metamorphic basement of the Rhodope massif.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0324-0894 , 2535-1060
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc.29.1-2
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc.29.1-2.89
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2675176-8
    SSG: 13
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Metamorphism – the invisible life of the rocks
    Bulgarian Geological Society ; 2021
    In:  Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society Vol. 82, No. 3 ( 2021-12), p. 58-60
    Details
    In: Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society, Bulgarian Geological Society, Vol. 82, No. 3 ( 2021-12), p. 58-60
    Abstract: Three types of metamorphism are developed on the metamorphic complexes of the Rhodope Massif: a, widespread regional; b, high thermobaric in shear zones of friction and c, metasomatism, each with its own thermodynamic system. Friction generates energy that deforms, disintegrates and destroys minerals, subsequently recrystallized into new rocks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-3938
    URL: Issue
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.52215/rev.bgs.2021.82.3
    DOI: 10.52215/rev.bgs.2021.82
    DOI: 10.52215/rev.bgs
    DOI: 10.52215/rev.bgs.2021.82.3.58
    Language: Bulgarian
    Publisher: Bulgarian Geological Society
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2393611-3
    SSG: 13
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lithostratigraphy of the Ordovician System in the Lozen Mountain
    Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences ; 2003
    In:  Geologica Balcanica Vol. 33, No. 3-4 ( 2003-12-30), p. 3-14
    Details
    In: Geologica Balcanica, Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Vol. 33, No. 3-4 ( 2003-12-30), p. 3-14
    Abstract: In the Lozen Mountain the rocks of the Ordovician System differ from the Ordovician rocks in the western Balkan Mts. in their composition, structure and relationship to the underlying diabase-phyllitoid complex. In the present paper they are described as a formal lithostratigraphic unit named Kroushovitsa Formation, which comprises four members. In ascending order these members are: Souha Gabra Member comprising metaconglomerates, meta-psammites with fragments of green schists, meta-tuffs and quartzites of the diabasephyllitoid complex; Choukite Member built of graygreenish phyllitized siltstones; Chouchouralchal Member comprising red phyllitized siltstones intercalated with yellow to light red meta-psammites, and Kitka Member represented by gray-greenish phyllitized siltstones intercalated with lamina of dark-gray to black argillites and siltstones. All rock varieties in the Kroushovitsa Formation have been subjected to week metamorphic alteration in greenschist facies that progressively attenuates from the lower to the upper levels of the section. The rock composition, structure and texture of the sequence in the Kroushovitsa Formation indicate for predominantly deep-sea sedimentation. In the lower part of the formation coarse clastic rocks indicate a shallowwater shelf environment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0324-0894 , 2535-1060
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc.33.3-4
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc.33.3-4.3
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2675176-8
    SSG: 13
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pseudomagmatic texture in ophiolites from Rhodope Massif
    Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences ; 2002
    In:  Geologica Balcanica Vol. 32, No. 2-4 ( 2002-12-30), p. 27-31
    Details
    In: Geologica Balcanica, Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Vol. 32, No. 2-4 ( 2002-12-30), p. 27-31
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0324-0894 , 2535-1060
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc.32.2-4
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc.32.2-4.27
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2675176-8
    SSG: 13
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stress-State and Sliding Between Colliding Plates in the Subduction Zone
    Association for Scientific Publishing and Research ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Materials and Engineering Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2023), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: Journal of Materials and Engineering, Association for Scientific Publishing and Research, Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2023), p. 1-7
    Abstract: Understanding of friction is important for tribological processes ranging from engineering contact systems to the nonmechanical inorganic tribosystems of Earth’s seismo-tectonic zones. A common but little-studied case is the combination of interaction, sliding and counter-pressure (collision) between plates and rock blocks, which develops specific deformations and energy and material changes. Above friction processes depend on the geometry, the spatial relations between the crustal plates, their material, especially rheological properties, and the energy transformations. The subduction zone has been regarded as place of renewal processes of energy and material. The role of the intensive friction processes in the increase of temperature and pressure in the subduction zone is shown, and the resulting both internal, external deformations and material changes of the rock material. A hypothesis is presented for the formation of the so-called "Deformation Arc" observed in the Alps, the Chilean segment of the Andes and the Nepalese zone. A contribution to science represents the application of tribological principles in the interpretation of natural, in this case geotribological processes, which leads to mutual enrichment of both tribology and geology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 3009-3961 , 3009-397X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.61552/JME.2023.01
    DOI: 10.61552/JME
    DOI: 10.61552/JME.2023.01.001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Association for Scientific Publishing and Research
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Petrochemical characteristics of Precambrian amphibolites from the northern parts of the Central Rhodopes
    Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences ; 1990
    In:  Geologica Balcanica Vol. 20, No. 4 ( 1990-08-30), p. 19-35
    Details
    In: Geologica Balcanica, Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Vol. 20, No. 4 ( 1990-08-30), p. 19-35
    Abstract: Ortho- and paraamphibolites in the northern part of the Central Rhodope Mts. are metamorphosed into amphibolite facies showing no traces of migmatization. This study is an analysis of the major and trace elements, REE included. Part of the orthoamphibolites represented by amphibolized metabasalts and garnet amphibolites are products of a subvolcanic autochthonous magmatism of tholeiitic affinities. Geochemically, they are comparable to the island-arc igneous rocks. The mrtabasalts show high alumina contents, varying iron and titanium contents and a tholeiite-like REE distribution. The garnet amphibolites are characterized by high iron and titanium contents. The predominating role of garnet in these rocks is reflected in the marked prevalence of HREE among REE and in the negative europium anomaly. Some bedded amphibolites of unknown origin show similar geochemical characteristics combining the features of island-arc and of ocean-floor tholeiites. The paraamphibolites differ sharply from the typical orthoamphibolites in their much lower iron, titanium and vanadium contents and higher calcium, aluminium, zirconium and LREE contents. Fe, Ti, Mg. V, Cr, Ni, Zr, Hf and REE are relatively immobile elements during metamorphism and their ratios can be reliably used to distinguish, characterize and determine the primary features of the amphibolite rock groups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0324-0894 , 2535-1060
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc.20.4
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc.20.4.19
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 1990
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2675176-8
    SSG: 13
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Two hundred years eclogites and one hundred years of eclogite discussion
    Bulgarian Geological Society ; 2021
    In:  Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society Vol. 82, No. 2 ( 2021-9), p. 65-71
    Details
    In: Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society, Bulgarian Geological Society, Vol. 82, No. 2 ( 2021-9), p. 65-71
    Abstract: The first significant publication on eclogites (Escola, 1921) marked the start of the longest-discussed problem in petrology – the genesis and the place of eclogite formation and eclogite facies on the Earth. The mineral paragenesis of garnet, omphacite, rutile with rare inclusion of microdiamond in garnet requires conditions of T=800–1000 °C and P=0–60 kbar. According to the geothermal gradient and lithostatic pressure calculations, such conditions should exist at a depth of 60–250 km. The dominant nowadays “subduction-exhumation” hypothesis does not offer a satisfactory explanation of the idea of deep subcrustal crystallization and the actual finding of eclogites in the middle parts of the Earthʼs crust among the amphibolites. Contradictions disappear if it is assumed that they are formed in situ in the geotribological zones of friction within the crust, where kinetic energy is generated, providing the necessary high temperature and pressure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-3938
    URL: Issue
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.52215/rev.bgs.2020.82
    DOI: 10.52215/rev.bgs.2020.82.2
    DOI: 10.52215/rev.bgs
    DOI: 10.52215/rev.bgs.2021.82.2.5
    Language: Bulgarian
    Publisher: Bulgarian Geological Society
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2393611-3
    SSG: 13
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reconstruction of the primary stratigraphy and correlation of the Precambrian metamorphic complexes in the Rhodope massif
    Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences ; 2008
    In:  Geologica Balcanica Vol. 37, No. 1-2 ( 2008-06-30), p. 19-31
    Details
    In: Geologica Balcanica, Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Vol. 37, No. 1-2 ( 2008-06-30), p. 19-31
    Abstract: The lithological analysis of the metamorphic rocks in the Rhodope massif, taking into consideration the lateral variability of their primary composition, polymetamorphic effects and tectonic deformations, demonstrates that prior to the metamorphism the upper Rhodopian Supergroup is composed of two complexes: lower volcano-sedimentary and upper calcareous ones. The lower complex after the metamorphism is composed of metaophiolites (serpentinites, amphibolites, metagabbroids) in the lower levels), mica schists, marbles, quartzites, jaspilites, called Variegated Formation. The upper complex is composed of marbles interlayered with schists. There are two types of Variegated Formation: à. Western Rhodopian (Satovcha) type with ophiolites prevailing in lower layers and b. Central Rhodopian (Lukovitsa) type with sedimentary rocks prevailing. A new correlation scheme of the lithostratigraphic units from Precambrian blocks in South Bulgaria is presented.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0324-0894 , 2535-1060
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc.37
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc
    DOI: 10.52321/GeolBalc.37.1-2.19
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2675176-8
    SSG: 13
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Precambrian obducted serpentinites in the Rhodope Massif
    Bulgarian Geological Society ; 2021
    In:  Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society Vol. 82, No. 1 ( 2021-3), p. 63-73
    Details
    In: Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society, Bulgarian Geological Society, Vol. 82, No. 1 ( 2021-3), p. 63-73
    Abstract: The Precambrian metamorphic complex in the Rhodope Massif is built of two lithostratigraphic units: the lower is an ancient granite-gneiss continental crust – Prarhodopian Group (PRG), and the upper one – a Neoproterozoic metamorphosed volcano-sedimentary rock complex – Rhodopian Group (RG). The lower stratigraphic levels of the RG are occupied by an ophiolitic association consisting of serpentinites, amphibolites, and metagabbros. The serpentinites constantly occupy the same level between the continental gneisses surface of the PRG and the base of the RG. The high degree of serpentinization (85–95%) indicates low temperature hydration metamorphism on the surface of an ultrabasic ocean plate. The formation of the Rhodope ophiolitic association has taken place in a Neoproterozoic supra-subduction zone in three stages: a. serpentinization at the ocean floor; b. obduction of serpentinite fragments, scraped from soft and plastic hydrated coat of the sliding ultrabasic plate; c. SSZ-type autochthonous Neoproterozoic (610–566 Ma) basic volcanism, including and covering serpentinite bodies. This determines a heterogeneous nature of the ophiolitic association. The lower granite-gneiss complex – PRG may have been a part of some microcontinent after the breaking of the supercontinent Rodinia. The formation of a supra-subduction zone – SSZ and the obduction of serpentinite fragments started during ocean closure preceding the amalgamation of supercontinent Gondwana.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-3938
    URL: Issue
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.52215/rev.bgs.2021.82
    DOI: 10.52215/rev.bgs.2021.82.1
    DOI: 10.52215/rev.bgs
    DOI: 10.52215/rev.bgs.2021.82.1.2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bulgarian Geological Society
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2393611-3
    SSG: 13
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    EMERGENCE OF CONTACT FILMS DURING FRICTION. GEOTRIBOLOGICAL FILMS
    Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac ; 2019
    In:  Proceedings on Engineering Sciences Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2019-5), p. 140-144
    Details
    In: Proceedings on Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2019-5), p. 140-144
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2620-2832 , 2683-4111
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.24874/PES01.01
    DOI: 10.24874/PES
    DOI: 10.24874/PES01.01.019
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3028927-0
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