In:
ZooKeys, Pensoft Publishers, Vol. 862 ( 2019-07-09), p. 1-22
Abstract:
The soft coral family Xeniidae, commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions, consists of 20 genera and 162 species. To date, few studies on this family have been conducted in Japan, especially at higher latitudes. Although molecular phylogenetic analyses have recently been used to distinguish soft coral species, it is difficult to identify species and genera in this family due to the limited taxonomic indices and high morphological variation. In this study, we found a large Xeniidae community off the coast of Oshima Island (31°31.35'N, 131°24.27'E) at Miyazaki, Kyushu Island, located in the temperate region of Japan. The species composition and molecular phylogenetic relationships were investigated to uncover the species diversity of Xeniidae in this community. A total of 182 xeniid specimens were collected and identified to the species level, after which the samples were molecularly analyzed using a mitochondrial marker (ND2) and a nuclear marker (ITS) to infer the phylogenetic relationships. A total of 14 xeniid species were identified, including five undescribed species from five genera ( Anthelia , Heteroxenia , Sympodium , Xenia , and Yamazatum ). Miyazaki was identified as having the highest xeniid species diversity in Japan. The molecular phylogenetic trees inferred from each marker recovered very similar topologies: four genera ( Anthelia , Heteroxenia , Sympodium , and Yamazatum ) were monophyletic, whereas one ( Xenia ) was polyphyletic. Thus, except for Xenia , the morphological characteristics used for traditional taxonomy well reflected the phylogeny of the Xeniidae at the genus level. On the other hand, our results show that further taxonomic revisions of Xenia are needed.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1313-2970
,
1313-2989
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979.figure1
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979.figure2
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979.figure3
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979.figure4
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979.figure5
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979.figure6
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979.figure7
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979.suppl1
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979.suppl2
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979.suppl3
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979.suppl4
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979.suppl5
DOI:
10.3897/zookeys.862.31979.suppl6
Language:
Unknown
Publisher:
Pensoft Publishers
Publication Date:
2019
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2445640-8
SSG:
12
Permalink