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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Management of Musty Off‐Flavor in Channel Catfish from Commercial Ponds with Weekly Applications of Copper Sulfate
    Wiley ; 2005
    In:  North American Journal of Aquaculture Vol. 67, No. 2 ( 2005-04), p. 138-147
    Details
    In: North American Journal of Aquaculture, Wiley, Vol. 67, No. 2 ( 2005-04), p. 138-147
    Abstract: We evaluated the effectiveness of weekly low‐dose applications of copper sulfate (0.12 mg of Cu/L of water) for reducing the prevalence of off‐flavor in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus on commercial farms. The study was conducted over 3 years in ponds (3.2–8.4 ha) on two catfish farms in western Mississippi. Farm managers applied copper sulfate (0.5 mg of copper sulfate pentahydrate/L of water) weekly beginning in the late spring or early summer and continued until the water temperature dropped below 20°C. Water samples were collected from treated and untreated ponds approximately every 3 weeks during the application period and were monitored for levels of the musty compound 2‐methylisoborneol (MIB), chlorophyll a , and phytoplankton community structure and abundance. In addition, channel catfish were caught from each study pond during the third year of the study and were checked for flavor. Levels of MIB and the abundance of the MIB‐producing cyanobacterium Oscillatoria perornata were significantly lower in treated ponds than in control ponds at one farm, while numbers of green algae and diatoms at both farms were significantly higher in treated ponds than in control ponds. Also, fish flavor analysis indicated that the overall prevalence of all types of off‐flavor was 50% lower in treated ponds than in control ponds. Based upon our results, weekly low‐dose applications of copper sulfate appear to be beneficial in mitigating musty off‐flavor problems in commercially produced channel catfish. Copper sulfate treatment reduced potential harvest delays by nearly half and reduced costs associated with off‐flavor by 35%. However, the economic benefit of treatment was not statistically significant, although this result is probably attributable to the small data set used for economic analyses rather than ineffectiveness of treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-2055 , 1548-8454
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1577/A04-051.1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2005
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    SSG: 21,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of Limnocorrals for Studying the Effects of Phytotoxic Compounds on Plankton and Water Chemistry in Aquaculture Ponds
    Wiley ; 2000
    In:  Journal of the World Aquaculture Society Vol. 31, No. 3 ( 2000-09), p. 403-415
    Details
    In: Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 3 ( 2000-09), p. 403-415
    Abstract: Abstract.— Two studies were conducted to evaluate the potential use of limnocorrals (in situ enclosures) for evaluating the effects of phytotoxic compounds on phytoplankton community structure and water quality. Limnocorrals consisted of open‐bottomed, fiberglass cylinders that were 2.44 m in diameter and 1.53 m high. The enclosures were placed in an aquaculture pond and allowed to settle 10–20 cm into the bottom mud, forming a watertight seal that isolated approximately 5.5 m 3 of pond water. The first study evaluated the effect of water mixing on environmental conditions within limnocorrals. Mixing was accomplished by injecting air through airstones suspended inside the enclosures. Conditions in unmixed limnocorrals rapidly deviated from conditions in the pond and in aerated enclosures, with overall phytoplankton biomass decreasing while abundance of cyanobacteria and concentrations of soluble reactive phosphorus increased. Conditions in limnocorrals with continuous mixing also deviated from conditions in the pond. Environmental conditions among replicate mixed enclosures were, however, relatively consistent and stable for at least 2 wk. The second study evaluated the use of limnocorrals for testing the effects of phytotoxic compounds on phytoplankton community structure and water quality. A commercial chelated copper algicide was added to randomly selected, mixed limnocorrals at the label‐recommended rate. The algicide killed nearly all phytoplankton in the treated enclosures within 1 wk; however, treated limnocorrals were rapidly recolonized by green algae and diatoms. Conditions in untreated limnocorrals remained relatively stable and consistent among replicates for 16 d, after which total phytoplankton biomass began to decrease, possibly due to nutrient depletion within the enclosures. Although conditions inside the enclosures deviated with time from those in the surrounding pond water, mixed limnocorrals appear to provide a convenient and reliable method for short‐term studies of algicides and other water quality manipulations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0893-8849 , 1749-7345
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jwas.2000.31.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-7345.2000.tb00890.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2233509-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of Ferulic Acid for Controlling the Musty-Odor Cyanobacterium, Oscillatoria perornata , in Aquaculture Ponds
    Informa UK Limited ; 2000
    In:  Journal of Applied Aquaculture Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2000-01-18), p. 1-16
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Aquaculture, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2000-01-18), p. 1-16
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1045-4438 , 1545-0805
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1300/J028v10n01_01
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2113047-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tissue Residues of Diuron in Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus Exposed to the Algicide in Consecutive Years
    Wiley ; 2003
    In:  Journal of the World Aquaculture Society Vol. 34, No. 2 ( 2003-06), p. 203-209
    Details
    In: Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, Wiley, Vol. 34, No. 2 ( 2003-06), p. 203-209
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0893-8849 , 1749-7345
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jwas.2003.34.issue-2
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-7345.2003.tb00057.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2233509-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pattern of Discharge and Mass Loading during Drainage of Excavated Ponds Used for Food Fish Production of Channel Catfish
    Wiley ; 2005
    In:  North American Journal of Aquaculture Vol. 67, No. 1 ( 2005-01), p. 79-85
    Details
    In: North American Journal of Aquaculture, Wiley, Vol. 67, No. 1 ( 2005-01), p. 79-85
    Abstract: We evaluated the temporal pattern of solids, organic matter, and nutrient concentrations in the discharge effluent of three commercial‐size excavated ponds with two types of drainage structures used in catfish production in Mississippi. Measurements of effluent water quality and pond stage elevation were used to calculate solids, organic matter, and nutrient mass loading when ponds were drained. Solids, organic matter, and nutrient concentrations in effluent from ponds with fixed internal drains were very high during the first 10– 30 min of pond draining. Thereafter, effluent solids and nutrient concentrations were similar to those of the bulk pond water. The initial flush of effluent contained solids that settle easily. Mass discharge was directly proportional to volume discharged in two ponds. In the third pond, mass discharge increased as a function of pond volume because poorly consolidated pond sediment exposed during draining was eroded by rainfall and wind‐generated waves. Average mass discharge (kg/ha) from draining the three ponds was as follows: total suspended solids = 976, 5‐d biochemical oxygen demand = 84, total nitrogen = 46, and total phosphorus = 3.5. These mass loading values can be annualized by dividing by the interval between pond drainings. Total annual mass loading can be calculated by adding annualized mass discharge from pond draining to mass discharge from pond overflow.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-2055 , 1548-8454
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1577/FA04-029.1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2192450-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482260-X
    SSG: 21,3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dietary Phosphorus Modifications in Practical Feeds Do Not Affect Waterborne Phosphorus Concentrations and Phytoplankton Abundance in Channel Catfish Ponds
    Wiley ; 2005
    In:  North American Journal of Aquaculture Vol. 67, No. 2 ( 2005-04), p. 114-121
    Details
    In: North American Journal of Aquaculture, Wiley, Vol. 67, No. 2 ( 2005-04), p. 114-121
    Abstract: We measured concentrations of soluble reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll a in 0.04‐ha ponds containing channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus during three feeding trials to evaluate the effect of dietary phosphorus modifications on water quality and the potential discharge of phosphorus and organic matter in pond effluents. In experiment 1, a basal diet with 0.20% available phosphorus was compared with diets supplemented with 0.5% or 1.0% dicalcium phosphate to provide 0.27% or 0.35% available phosphorus. In experiment 2, fish were fed diets supplemented with either dicalcium phosphate or defluorinated rock phosphate to contain 0.40% available phosphorus. In experiment 3, fish were fed one of three diets containing 250 or 500 phytase units of phytase per kilogram (0.27% available phosphorus) or 0.75% dicalcium phosphate (0.39% available phosphorus). Husbandry practices in all three experiments were typical of commercial culture conditions. Quantitative and qualitative modifications of dietary phosphorus did not affect waterborne phosphorus concentrations or phytoplankton abundance and, therefore, will not reduce phosphorus or organic matter mass loading in pond effluents. Lack of effectiveness results from high baseline nutrient loading from phosphorus contained in practical feed ingredients combined with high internal phosphorus loading (recycling) within ponds. These factors overwhelm any effect of small changes in external phosphorus loading associated with diet modification. Therefore, the source and level of dietary phosphorus in channel catfish feeds should be based on nutritional and economic considerations rather than potential environmental impact.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-2055 , 1548-8454
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1577/A04-035.1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2192450-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482260-X
    SSG: 21,3
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of water management practices on discharge of nutrients and organic matter from channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) ponds
    Elsevier BV ; 1996
    In:  Aquaculture Vol. 147, No. 1-2 ( 1996-11), p. 57-69
    Details
    In: Aquaculture, Elsevier BV, Vol. 147, No. 1-2 ( 1996-11), p. 57-69
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0044-8486
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0044-8486(96)01342-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1996
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495998-7
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Management of Off-Flavors in Pond-Cultured Channel Catfish with Weekly Applications of Copper Sulfate
    Wiley ; 2001
    In:  North American Journal of Aquaculture Vol. 63, No. 2 ( 2001-04), p. 118-130
    Details
    In: North American Journal of Aquaculture, Wiley, Vol. 63, No. 2 ( 2001-04), p. 118-130
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-2055 , 1548-8454
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1577/1548-8454(2001)063〈0118:MOOFIP〉2.0.CO;2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2192450-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482260-X
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Bacterial Bioaugmentation of Channel Catfish Ponds
    Wiley ; 2009
    In:  North American Journal of Aquaculture Vol. 71, No. 4 ( 2009-10), p. 315-319
    Details
    In: North American Journal of Aquaculture, Wiley, Vol. 71, No. 4 ( 2009-10), p. 315-319
    Abstract: Twelve, 0.1‐ha earthen ponds at Stoneville, Mississippi were used in a 2‐year, double‐blind study of the effects of a Bacillus ‐based bacterial bioaugmentation product on water quality and production of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus . Each year, six ponds were treated weekly with the microbial product from late May or early June through October, and six ponds were designated as untreated controls. Mean concentrations of chlorophyll a , nitrite‐N, and total ammonia‐N did not significantly differ ( P 〉 0.05) between bacteria‐treated and untreated ponds in the first year; however, in the second year, mean chlorophyll‐ a concentrations were higher ( P ≤ 0.05) and nitrite‐N and total ammonia‐N concentrations were lower ( P ≤ 0.05) in bacteria‐treated ponds than in untreated ponds. Reductions in dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations were more likely due to increased phytoplankton growth (i.e., increased algal assimilation) than to a direct effect of bacterial inoculation. The mechanism by which bioaugmentation may have enhanced phytoplankton growth is unknown and contradicts several past studies. Net fish production and feed conversion ratios were not affected by bacterial treatment in either year ( P 〉 0.05); accordingly, there is no economic incentive to use Bacillus ‐bacterial bioaugmentation products in channel catfish ponds.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-2055 , 1548-8454
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1577/A08-022.1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2192450-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482260-X
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Production and Associated Economics of Fingerling‐to‐Stocker and Stocker‐to‐Grow‐Out Modular Phases for Farming Channel Catfish in Commercial‐Size Ponds
    Wiley ; 2013
    In:  North American Journal of Aquaculture Vol. 75, No. 1 ( 2013-01), p. 133-146
    Details
    In: North American Journal of Aquaculture, Wiley, Vol. 75, No. 1 ( 2013-01), p. 133-146
    Abstract: A 2‐year study was conducted to evaluate two phases (phase 2: fingerling to stocker; phase 3: stocker to grow out) of a three‐phase modular production system for Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus in commercial‐scale ponds. Fingerlings (mean = 14.3 kg/1,000 fish; 11.9 cm TL) were stocked into each of six 1.62‐ha earthen ponds at a density of 123,500 fish/ha and were fed a 35% crude protein floating feed daily to satiation. After 142 d, the mean weight of harvested stockers ranged from 108.9 to 158.8 g and survival ranged from 38.8% to 62.0%. These fish were subsequently stocked (at either 12,350 or 16,055 fish/ha) into 1.62‐ha ponds for grow out to food‐size fish (≥567.5 kg) and were fed a 35% crude protein floating feed to satiation. A partial (selective) harvest was conducted at 105–130 d poststocking by using an in‐pond grader, and a final harvest was conducted at 207–245 d poststocking. Combined production means were 7,124 kg/ha for the 12,350‐fish/ha treatment and 7,210 kg/ha for the 16,055‐fish/ha treatment. Survival (range = 84.3–105.5%) and feed conversion ratios (range = 2.25–2.65) were not significantly different. Mean weight (659.5 g) and length (41.8 cm) of fish harvested from the 12,350‐fish/ha treatment ponds were significantly greater than those of fish harvested from the 16,055‐fish/ha treatment (474.8 g; 38.4 cm). Cost of producing a 142‐g stocker was $0.409. For the economic analysis, phase‐2 production area was based on producing sufficient stockers for all phase‐3 ponds within a representative 445‐ha operation. Enterprise budgets were developed for the 12,350‐ and 16,055‐fish/ha treatments; the incomes above variable cost were $1,450 and $108 per hectare, respectively, and net returns to land were $399 and −$943 per hectare, respectively. Low survival in phase‐2 stocker production reduced the returns. The three‐phase modular system should provide additional management benefits that were not valued in this analysis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-2055 , 1548-8454
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/15222055.2012.722172
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2192450-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482260-X
    SSG: 21,3
    SSG: 12
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