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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evidence for eddy formation in the eastern Arabian Sea during the northeast monsoon
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1994
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 99, No. C4 ( 1994-04-15), p. 7651-7664
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 99, No. C4 ( 1994-04-15), p. 7651-7664
    Abstract: The seasonal formation of a large (500–800 km diameter) anticyclonic eddy in the upper 300–400 m of the eastern Arabian Sea during the northeast monsoon period (December‐April) is indicated from hydrographic and satellite altimetry sea level observations, as well as from numerical model experiments. The center of the eddy circulation is approximately 10°N, 70°E, just to the west of the north‐south Laccadive Island chain. In this paper the eddy is called the Laccadive High (LH). In some ways it is a mirrorlike counterpart to the Great Whirl, which develops during the southwest monsoon off the Somali coast (western Arabian Sea). The LH occurs at the same latitude but on the opposite side of the basin during the reversed monsoon. It is different from the Great Whirl, however, in its formation process, its intensity, and its decay. The hydrographic data obtained from surveys all during a single season give sufficiently close station spacing to allow reasonable contouring of the geopotential surfaces and of the properties within and around the LH region with minimum time aliasing. The Geosat altimeter record extends over 4 years, during which the seasonal variability of the LH indicates a dynamic relief of approximately 15–20 cm, which is in good agreement with the hydrographic observations. The altimetry time series also suggests a westward translation of the LH by January with a subsequent dissipation in midbasin. The model used is a wind‐forced three‐layer primitive equation model which depicts a LH in agreement with the timing, position, and amplitude of both the hydrographic and altimetric measurements. The numerical simulation includes a passive tracer located in the western Bay of Bengal; the western advection of the tracer around the south coasts of Sri Lanka and India in December and January is consistent with the appearance of low‐salinity water observed to extend into the Arabian Sea during this period. The modeling studies suggest that both local and remote forcing are important in formation of the LH.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/94JC00035
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1994
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sensitivity of the Arabian Sea mixed layer to 1994–1995 operational wind products
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2000
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 105, No. C6 ( 2000-06-15), p. 14141-14162
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 105, No. C6 ( 2000-06-15), p. 14141-14162
    Abstract: The evolution of the upper ocean in the strong seasonally forced Arabian Sea, as observed by a mooring deployed in 1994–1995, is investigated using the Naval Research Laboratory Layered Ocean Model (NLOM). Model simulations were sensitive to the choice of surface wind products used for forcing, and results are reported for simulations forced by monthly mean climatologies and 12 hourly 1994–1995 wind products from two operational atmospheric forecast models, the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecast model and the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System model of Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC). The NLOM yields the best prediction of sea surface temperature (SST) and mixed layer depth when using FNMOC forcing. Surface cooling is found to be responsible for the seasonal SST minimum during the NE monsoon. Heat advection is found to be important for supporting the surface cooling during the second half of the NE monsoon. Strong entrainment and appreciable advective cooling are responsible for the SST minimum of the SW monsoon. The NLOM wind experiments strongly suggest that thermal convection may be important in the central Arabian Sea during the winter months.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2000JC900042
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2000
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On Upwelling Along a Zonally-Orientated Coastline
    American Meteorological Society ; 1974
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 1974-01), p. 125-130
    Details
    In: Journal of Physical Oceanography, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 1974-01), p. 125-130
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3670 , 1520-0485
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0485(1974)004〈0125:OUAAZO〉2.0.CO;2
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 1974
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sampling strategies and model assimilation of altimetric data for ocean monitoring and prediction
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1986
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 91, No. C2 ( 1986-02-15), p. 2418-2432
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 91, No. C2 ( 1986-02-15), p. 2418-2432
    Abstract: Numerical forecasts using simulated altimeter data are generated in order to examine the assimilation of altimeter‐derived sea surface heights into numerical ocean circulation models. A one‐layer reduced gravity primitive equation circulation model of the Gulf of Mexico is utilized; the Gulf of Mexico is chosen because of its amenability to modeling and the ability of low vertical mode models to reproduce many of the observed dynamical features of gulf circulation. The simulated data are obtained by flying a hypothetical altimeter over the model ocean and sampling the model sea surface in a manner similar to a real altimeter. The data are used to examine spatial sampling requirements for accurate resolution of oceanic eddies and, in forecast mode, the assimilation of asynoptic altimeter data into numerical models. Results indicate that for a stationary circular eddy, approximately two tracks (either ascending or descending) across the eddy are sufficient to ensure adequate spatial resolution. An irregularly shaped eddy may require three or four tracks. In addition, the study reveals that if the track spacing is sufficient to resolve the height field of an eddy, the along‐track geostrophic velocity component is determined with equivalent accuracy to that of the cross track component. Simulated Gulf of Mexico circulation forecasts suggest that the numerical model can effectively assimilate asynoptic altimeter measurements. Optimum sampling strategies for a single beam altimeter and intermittent updating of the nowcast/forecast are examined.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JC091iC02p02418
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1986
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    The horizontal coherence of inertial oscillations in a coastal region
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1974
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 1, No. 3 ( 1974-07), p. 127-130
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 1, No. 3 ( 1974-07), p. 127-130
    Abstract: The horizontal coherence of inertial oscillations was investigated using the records from six current meters moored on the Oregon continental shelf and whose separation distance varied from approximately 9 to 35 km. The rotary component method for analyzing vector time series was used to form the cross spectra and coherencies for 15 pairs of records, the length of which varied from 10 to 27 days. The velocity field was found to be highly coherent for periods greater than about 10 days. The coherencies at the inertial frequency, which were generally quite low, could be accounted for (with some exceptions) by a consideration of both the separation distance and a simple representation of the effects of stratification.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/GL001i003p00127
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1974
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Photosynthesis–irradiance parameters and community structure associated with coastal filaments and adjacent waters in the northern Arabian Sea
    Elsevier BV ; 2000
    In:  Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography Vol. 47, No. 7-8 ( 2000-1), p. 1249-1277
    Details
    In: Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, Elsevier BV, Vol. 47, No. 7-8 ( 2000-1), p. 1249-1277
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0967-0645
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0967-0645(99)00143-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2000
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    A COAMPS™ reanalysis for the Eastern Pacific: Properties of the diurnal sea breeze along the central California coast : PROPERTIES OF THE DIURNAL SEA BREEZE ALONG THE CENTRAL CALIFORNIA COAST
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2002
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 29, No. 24 ( 2002-12), p. 56-1-56-4
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 29, No. 24 ( 2002-12), p. 56-1-56-4
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2002GL015566
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2002
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    On the relationship between satellite-estimated bio-optical and thermal properties in the Gulf of Mexico : BIO-THERMAL PROPERTIES IN THE GULF
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2008
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences Vol. 113, No. G1 ( 2008-03), p. n/a-n/a
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 113, No. G1 ( 2008-03), p. n/a-n/a
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2006JG000373
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2008
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  • 9
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    A high-resolution surface vector wind product for coastal oceans: Blending satellite scatterometer measurements with regional mesoscale atmospheric model simulations : HIGH-RESOLUTION WIND FOR COASTAL OCEANS
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2003
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 30, No. 1 ( 2003-01), p. 13-1-13-4
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 30, No. 1 ( 2003-01), p. 13-1-13-4
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2002GL015729
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2003
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  • 10
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    The 26‐ and 50‐day oscillations in the western Indian Ocean: Model results
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1989
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 94, No. C4 ( 1989-04-15), p. 4721-4736
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 94, No. C4 ( 1989-04-15), p. 4721-4736
    Abstract: The circulation of the western Indian Ocean is examined using a reduced‐gravity model with one active layer and realistic basin geometry for the entire Indian Ocean north of 30°S. The Hellerman and Rosenstein monthly mean wind stress climatology is used to force the model. The numerical simulations reproduce the observed (Luyten and Roemmich, 1982) 26‐day waves along the equator and the 50‐day oscillations (Mysak and Mertz, 1984; Schott et al. 1988) between the equator and Madagascar. The 25‐ to 28‐day oscillations of the model meridional velocity component agree with observed values of period, amplitude, wavelength, group velocity, and phase of the seasonal modulation. The model oscillations, which are excited in August and persist into February–March, are shown to be the result of Yanai waves generated between the western boundary and 50°E. During the southwest monsoon, the Yanai waves are initiated by a complex barotropic instability associated with the southern gyre. During the early stages of the northeast monsoon, the 26‐day Yanai waves are generated by resonant forcing due to the intrusion into the equatorial waveguide of a standing, 800‐ to 900‐km‐wavelength meander of the eastward flow fed by the East African Coastal Current. Hence the simulation reveals that the 26‐day oscillations in the equatorial Indian Ocean are excited by mechanisms significantly different than that believed to be responsible for the 20‐ to 30‐day oscillations in the equatorial Atlantic and Pacific oceans. The numerical simulation also shows a 50‐day oscillation between the equator and Madagascar west of 50°E. This periodicity is due to Rossby waves generated by a barotropic instability associated with the East African Coastal Current beginning about April each year. No evidence of the 50‐day period oscillation is found in a corresponding linear simulation. Hence the barotropic instability of the oceanic currents in this region is offered as an alternative to direct wind forcing as the generating mechanism for the observed 40‐ to 60‐day oscillations in the western Indian Ocean.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JC094iC04p04721
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1989
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