In:
Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 7 ( 2023-4-20)
Abstract:
Crop irrigation with brackish water having high Na + is a common practice in developing countries like Pakistan; hence increasing the saline-sodic soils throughout the region. Therefore, two independent studies were conducted to evaluate the impact of minerals enriched contrasting biochars (MECBs) in mitigating Na + toxicity on soil physicochemical properties, wheat growth, and physiology. In 1 st trial, an incubation experiment was conducted having 32 treatments including simple biochar (SBc), manganese enriched biochar (MnBc), zinc enriched biochar (ZnBc), and iron enriched biochar (FeBc) applied at two rates (0.1% and 0.5%) with four different salinity levels such as 10, 20, 30, and 40 dSm −1 . The soil was sampled after the 8 th , 16 th, and 24 th day of incubation. Among the four sources of biochar, MnBc (0.1%) + 40 dSm −1 and FeBc (0.5%) + 40 dSm −1 showed efficient results to tolerate salinity stress in soil by efficiently reducing the availability of Na + (60% and 30%) when compared to SBc (0.5%) + 40 dSm −1 . Then, a pot study was conducted with 20 different treatments (control, SBc, MnBc, ZnBc, and FeBc) at four different salinity levels, i.e., 0, 5, 10, and 15 dSm −1 . There were four replicates and the crop was harvested after 60 days of germination. The application of brackish water (control+15 dSm −1 ) significantly reduced the fresh weight of root (28%) and shoot (34%) of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) as compared to FeBc+15 dSm −1 . However, the soil Na + toxicity was significantly decreased (23%) by the application of FeBc+15 dSm −1 as compared to control+15 dSm −1 . Similarly, a significant increase was observed in leaf chl. a, b and photosynthetic rate (75%, 3 and 2-folds); however, a significant decrease was observed in transpiration rate (50%) in T. aestivum L. treated with FeBc+15 dSm −1 as compared to control+15 dSm −1 . Interestingly, FeBc+15 dSm −1 also played a vital role to prevent oxidative damage by controlling the shoot CMP (63%) in T. aestivum L. by efficiently triggering the activities of shoot antioxidant enzymes such as APX (30%) and CAT (52%) when compared to control+15 dSm −1 . In summary, it was evaluated that FeBc showed the highest adsorption capacity of Na + ions to regulate salinity stress by improving soil health and crop physiology.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
2571-581X
DOI:
10.3389/fsufs.2023.1102930
DOI:
10.3389/fsufs.2023.1102930.s001
Language:
Unknown
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Publication Date:
2023
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2928540-9
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