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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pharmacological Profile of Nigella sativa Seeds in Combating COVID-19 through In-Vitro and Molecular Docking Studies
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Processes Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2022-07-11), p. 1346-
    Details
    In: Processes, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2022-07-11), p. 1346-
    Abstract: COVID-19 infection is associated with elevated oxidative stress, systemic hyper-inflammatory responses, endothelial dysfunction, and red blood cell membrane deformability. Nigella sativa extract is widely used in alternative and complementary medicine systems in a large population, due to its highly therapeutic, economic, natural, and safe nature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of N. sativa extract on oxidative stress, hemolysis, proteolysis, and glycation through in vitro studies, as well as to find out its anti-viral potential against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) using in silico studies. N. sativa seed extract (at 600 µg/mL) displayed 67.33% scavenging activity in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test, and 70.28% hydrogen peroxide reducing activity. N. sativa exhibited anti-proteolytic activity by decreasing heat-induced denaturation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and egg albumin by 63.14% and 57.95%, respectively, and exhibited anti-proteinase potential of 66.28% at 600 μg/mL. In addition, heat-induced hemolysis and hypersalinity-induced hemolysis were inhibited by 57.86% and 61.7%, respectively, by the N. sativa seeds. N. sativa also inhibited browning intensity by 56.38%, and percent aggregation index by 51.38%, amyloid structure by 48.28%, and AGE-specific fluorescence by 52.18%, thereby protecting the native structure of BSA from glycation. The binding interactions between bioactive molecules of N. sativa seed with SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein were proven by using in silico molecular docking tools. The functional amino acids involved in the interactions are Asp467, Thr108, Thr114, Ile468, Asn234, Gln155, Glu465, Arg466, Gly232, and Ile233, indicating the inhibiting property of N. sativa on SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we may infer that phytoconstituents of N. sativa seeds have the potential to protect against the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Studies on N. sativa seeds might act as a path to develop a potent alternative therapy against viral infections, especially COVID-19 infection, in the future. However, the limitations linked with the use of natural products are also needed to be considered in this regard.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9717
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pr10071346
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720994-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
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    Increased Levels of Autoantibodies against ROS-Modified Proteins in Depressed Individuals with Decrease in Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Antigen (S1-RBD)
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Current Issues in Molecular Biology Vol. 44, No. 11 ( 2022-10-28), p. 5260-5276
    Details
    In: Current Issues in Molecular Biology, MDPI AG, Vol. 44, No. 11 ( 2022-10-28), p. 5260-5276
    Abstract: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease management is highly dependent on the immune status of the infected individual. An increase in the incidence of depression has been observed during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Autoantibodies against in vitro reactive oxygen species (ROS) modified BSA and Lys as well as antibodies against receptor binding domain subunit S1 (S1-RBD) (S1-RBD-Abs) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were estimated using direct binding and competition ELISA. Serum samples were also tested for fasting blood glucose (FBG), malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl content (CC), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Significant structural changes were observed in ROS modified BSA and Lys. Female depressed subjects who were also smokers (F-D-S) showed the highest levels of oxidative stress (MDA and CC levels). Similarly, increased levels of autoantibodies against ROS modified proteins were detected in F-D-S subjects, in males who were depressed and in smokers (M-D-S) compared to the other subjects from the rest of the groups. However, contrary to this observation, levels of S1-RBD-Abs were found to be lowest in the F-D-S and M-D-S groups. During the pandemic, large numbers of individuals have experienced depression, which may induce excessive oxidative stress, causing modifications in circulatory proteins. Thus, the formation of neo-antigens is induced, which lead to the generation of autoantibodies. The concomitant effect of increased autoantibodies with elevated levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α possibly tilt the immune balance toward autoantibody generation rather than the formation of S1-RBD-Abs. Thus, it is important to identify individuals who are at risk of depression to determine immune status and facilitate the better management of COVID-19.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1467-3045
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cimb44110358
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2090836-2
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DataSheet_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 11 ( 2021-7-12)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2021-7-12)
    Abstract: Advanced stage cancers are aggressive and difficult to treat with mono-therapeutics, substantially decreasing patient survival rates. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop unique therapeutic approaches to treat cancer with superior potency and efficacy. This study investigates a new approach to develop a potent combinational therapy to treat advanced stage leukemia. Biologically active α-amino amide analogs (RS)-N-(2-(cyclohexylamino)-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl)-N-phenylpropiolamide (α-AAA-A) and (RS)-N-(2-(cyclohexylamino)-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl)-N-phenylbut2-enamide (α-AAA-B) were synthesized using linear Ugi multicomponent reaction. Cytotoxicities and IC 50 values of α-AAA-A and α-AAA-B against leukemia cancer cell lines (HL-60 and K562) were analyzed though MTT assay. Cytotoxic assay analyzed percent killing of leukemia cell lines due to the effect of γδ T cells alone or in combination with α-AAA-A or α-AAA-B. Synthesized biologically active molecule α-AAA-A exhibited increased cytotoxicity of HL-60 (54%) and K562 (44%) compared with α-AAA-B (44% and 36% respectively). Similarly, α-AAA-A showed low IC 50 values for HL-60 (1.61 ± 0.11 μM) and K562 (3.01 ± 0.14 μM) compared to α-AAA-B (3.12 ± 0.15 μM and 6.21 ± 0.17 μM respectively). Additive effect of amide analogs and γδ T cells showed significantly high leukemia cancer cell killing as compared to γδ T cells alone. A unique combinational therapy with γδ T cells and biologically active anti-cancer molecules (α-AAA-A/B), concomitantly may be a promising cancer therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2234-943X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.706586
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.706586.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Seroprevalence of Anti-S1-RBD Antibodies in Pre-pandemic and Pandemic Subjects From Hail Region, KSA
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Public Health Vol. 10 ( 2022-6-9)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Public Health, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2022-6-9)
    Abstract: Two years into the pandemic, yet the threat of new SARS-CoV-2 variants continues to loom large. Sustained efforts are required to fully understand the infection in asymptomatic individuals and those with complications. Identification, containment, care, and preventative strategies rely on understanding the varied humoral immune responses. Methods An in-house ELISA was developed and standardized to screen for serum IgG antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 S1-RBD protein as an antigen. This study aims to investigate the seroprevalence of serum antibodies against S1-RBD antigen in pre-pandemic ( n = 120) and during the early pandemic period ( n = 120) in subjects from the Hail region, KSA and to correlate it with clinical and demographic factors. Results Samples collected from both male ( n = 60) and female ( n = 60) subjects during the pandemic in the age groups of 20–40 (0.31 ± 0.029 and 0.29 ± 0.024, respectively) and 41–60 years (0.35 ± 0.026 and 0.30 ± 0.025, respectively) showed significantly higher levels of serum antibodies against S-RBD antigen than the age-matched pre-pandemic samples [male ( n = 60) and female ( n = 60)]. Pandemic subjects exhibited significantly ( p & lt; 0.01) higher inhibition (80–88%) than age-matched pre-pandemic subjects (32–39%). Antibodies against S1-RBD antigen were detected in approximately 10% of the total pre-pandemic population (males and females). However, subjects & gt; 60 years did not show antibodies. Conclusion Antibody levels increased in samples collected during the pandemic, even though these subjects were not clinically COVID-19 positive. A small number of pre-pandemic subjects showed serum antibodies, suggesting prior exposure to other coronaviruses in the region. With dwindling neutralizing antibody levels and reduced vaccine efficacy against newer variants, it remains crucial to develop better assays for surveillance, management, and future research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-2565
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.874741
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711781-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cancer Morbidity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Role of Estrogen Metabolites
    Hindawi Limited ; 2013
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-9
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-9
    Abstract: Estrogen metabolites have been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and cancer, although the mechanism remains unestablished. Some estrogen metabolites, which are used for the assessment of cancer risk, play an important role in RA. The pathways by which malignancies associated with RA remain elusive. Possible mechanism involves enzymatic or nonenzymatic oxidation of estrogen into catecholestrogen metabolites through semiquinone and quinone redox cycle to produce free radicals that can cause DNA modifications. Modifications of DNA alter its immunogenicity and trigger various immune responses leading to elevated levels of cancer and RA antibodies. However, the role of different estrogen metabolites as a mediator of immune response cannot be ruled out in various immune-related diseases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2013/748178
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Depression and its related parameters increased the production of autoantibodies against 16α-hydroxyestrone-albumin complex in systemic lupus erythematosus
    Elsevier BV ; 2019
    In:  International Immunopharmacology Vol. 71 ( 2019-06), p. 215-223
    Details
    In: International Immunopharmacology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 71 ( 2019-06), p. 215-223
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1567-5769
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.03.036
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2049924-3
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Depression linked to higher antibodies production against estrogenized insulin in type 1 diabetes
    Elsevier BV ; 2020
    In:  International Immunopharmacology Vol. 86 ( 2020-09), p. 106712-
    Details
    In: International Immunopharmacology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 86 ( 2020-09), p. 106712-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1567-5769
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106712
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2049924-3
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Antibodies against Gluco-Oxidatively Modified Human Serum Albumin Detected in Diabetes-Associated Complications
    S. Karger AG ; 2010
    In:  International Archives of Allergy and Immunology Vol. 153, No. 2 ( 2010), p. 207-214
    Details
    In: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 153, No. 2 ( 2010), p. 207-214
    Abstract: 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 Glycated proteins present new immunological epitopes on their surface against which autoantibodies are generated that have a possible role in immunopathogenesis in diabetic complications. 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 In the present study, in vitro glycation- and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-modified human serum albumin (HSA) has been studied by different spectroscopic techniques (UV and fluorescence) and thermal denaturation profiles. The binding characteristics of circulating autoantibodies in diabetic patients and diabetic patients with secondary complications against native HSA (N-HSA) and ROS-modified glycated HSA (RG-HSA) were assessed by direct and competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In another approach, antibodies against RG-HSA (RG-HSA-Abs) induced in experimental animals were used as an immunochemical probe for the detection of gluco-oxidative lesions in blood proteins of patients (n = 8) with diabetic retinopathy. 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 Modified RG-HSA showed marked structural changes. High recognition of RG-HSA was shown by diabetic serum autoantibodies. Diabetic patients with retinopathy, nephropathy and atherosclerosis showed significantly (p 〈 0.001) stronger binding to RG-HSA over N-HSA. Normal human sera exhibited negligible binding with either antigen. Competitive inhibition ELISA results show significantly high binding of RG-HSA-Abs to albumin, immunoglobulin G and red blood cell membrane isolated from diabetic retinopathic patients. 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 In conclusion, these results suggest that hyperglycemia together with ROS may contribute to the immunopathogenesis of diabetes-associated complications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1018-2438 , 1423-0097
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000312639
    RVK:
    XA 49650
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482722-0
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Endometrial cancer patients have high affinity antibodies for estrogen metabolite–receptor aggregate: A potential biomarker for EC
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research Vol. 46, No. 10 ( 2020-10), p. 2115-2125
    Details
    In: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, Wiley, Vol. 46, No. 10 ( 2020-10), p. 2115-2125
    Abstract: Elevated levels of 16α‐hydroxyestrone (16α‐OHE 1 ) have been described in endometrial cancer (EC) and estrogen receptors (ER) expressed in endometrial tissue, but research on their combined role is lacking. We aimed to investigate the affinity and binding specificity of EC antibodies against the 16α‐OHE 1 ‐ERα aggregate in the serum of EC patients. Specificities of EC antibodies were also evaluated according to various clinical characteristics found in these cancer patients. Methods The binding specificity and affinity of EC antibodies against 16α‐OHE 1 ‐ERα in the serum of 120 EC patients were evaluated by direct binding and competition ELISA and quantitative precipitation titration. Binding of EC antibodies was also determined according to various clinical characteristics in EC patients through competition ELISA. Results Antibodies from EC patients demonstrated high recognition of 16α‐OHE 1 ‐ERα compared to ERα ( P   〈  0.05) or 16α‐OHE 1 ( P   〈  0.001). The relative affinity of EC IgG was 1.49 × 10 −7  M, 1.34 × 10 −6  M and 1.13 × 10 −6  M for 16α‐OHE 1 ‐ERα, ERα and 16α‐OHE 1 , respectively. Several factors, such as obesity, postmenopausal status, use of hormonal therapy, ER and progesterone receptor (PR) status, low 2‐OHE 1 /16α‐OHE 1 ratio, chemotherapy and hypertension, augment the production of antibodies against 16α‐OHE 1 ‐ERα in EC patients. Conclusion 16α‐OHE 1 ‐ERα is a high‐affinity antigen for EC antibodies in the serum of EC patients and might function as a biomarker for this disease. Furthermore, several factors enhanced the production of antibodies against 16α‐OHE 1 ‐ERα in the sera of these EC patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1341-8076 , 1447-0756
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jog.v46.10
    DOI: 10.1111/jog.14413
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2079101-X
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Depression enhanced the production of autoantibodies against 16α‑hydroxyestrone-estrogen receptor adduct in breast cancer
    Elsevier BV ; 2019
    In:  International Immunopharmacology Vol. 66 ( 2019-01), p. 251-259
    Details
    In: International Immunopharmacology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 66 ( 2019-01), p. 251-259
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1567-5769
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.11.018
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2049924-3
    SSG: 15,3
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