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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trend of utilization of Safe Motherhood Services in rural Nepal
    General Practice and Emergency Medicine Association of Nepal (GPEMAN) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of General Practice and Emergency Medicine of Nepal Vol. 7, No. 10 ( 2020-12-31), p. 7-10
    Details
    In: Journal of General Practice and Emergency Medicine of Nepal, General Practice and Emergency Medicine Association of Nepal (GPEMAN), Vol. 7, No. 10 ( 2020-12-31), p. 7-10
    Abstract: Introduction: The government of Nepal has implemented Safe Motherhood programs throughout the country to decrease the perinatal morbidity and mortality. Safe motherhood service includes normal vaginal delivery, Caesarian Section (CS) and perinatal management.  CS rates are a major public concern.  Currently 18.6% of all births occur by CS, ranging from 6 to 27.2% in different parts of the world. Methods:  Retrospectively collected data from Electronic Health Record (EHR) of deliveries from May 1,2016 to October 31,2020 were used. We have analyzed demographic profiles like age, geographical location. Similarly, gestational age, caste, gravida, parity, various indications of CS, maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes were also recorded. Results: A total of 4168 deliveries were conducted over four and half years with 3694 (88.6%) vaginal deliveries and 474 (11.4%) CS. There was constant maintenance of CS rate from 5-15% over four and half years, 11% in 2016 to 12% in 2019.  Fetal distress was the commonest indication of overall CS followed by Non-progress of labor. The women from Bhimeshwor municipality were 156 (32.9%). The most CS was done in the age group of 20-24 years, which was 192 (40.5%). Neonatal Death was 3/1000 births. There was one maternal mortality due to PPH and late presenation. Conclusion: Different from the other evidences, we found that our CS rate was within the limit of WHO’s recommendation for lower resource setting. Following strict guidelines and with dedicated care, it’s possible to maintain recommended CS rate with less neonatal and maternal morbidities even in lower resource setting where there are no NICU, ICU facilities and Electronic Fetal Monitoring (EFM).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2362-1168 , 2091-279X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.59284/jgpeman82
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: General Practice and Emergency Medicine Association of Nepal (GPEMAN)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Role of Female in Agriculture Related to Work Performance and Decision Making in Madi, Chitwan, Nepal
    Nepal Journals Online (JOL) ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology Vol. 6, No. 3 ( 2018-10-01), p. 207-214
    Details
    In: International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 6, No. 3 ( 2018-10-01), p. 207-214
    Abstract: This research is a study to examine whether a “feminization of agriculture” has occurred in the study area through the household survey of the local farming system and the gendered division of agricultural labour and managerial responsibilities at Madi, Chitwan in 2018. According to the household survey (n=60), a strong gendered division of agricultural works exist in this area, thus men and women have clear responsibilities and restrictions. In activities like ploughing, irrigating, threshing and applying chemical fertilizer, men are mostly participated whereas in the most of the other activities like weeding, sowing, collecting firewood, collecting fodder, hoeing, manuring, milking, female are mostly involved. Average of about 208 rupees is paid higher to men than female in some agriculture works. Through the use of various fieldwork methods, it was observed that that women in some cases have to take on tasks that are generally considered “men’s work”. Although women are in charge of various managerial decisions related to the agricultural production, any major decisions are still controlled by men. The real influence of women as decision makers can therefore be questioned. The effects of different factors like caste, education and training has been analyzed which showed that with the increase of education and training, feminization in decision making role is increased. But if women get more work and just involved in the feminization of labour and no influence in decision-making processes the “feminization of agriculture” will be just a female exploitation not a feminization.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(3): 207-214
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2091-2609
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/ijasbt.v6i3.21170
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2733295-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Glacier Area, Mass and Associated Glacial Lake Change in Kawari basin, Western Nepal
    Nepal Journals Online (JOL) ; 2023
    In:  Jalawaayu Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2023-02-14), p. 63-72
    Details
    In: Jalawaayu, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2023-02-14), p. 63-72
    Abstract: Due to ongoing global climate change, the glaciers in the Himalaya are shrinking and the glacial lakes are increasing in number and area. This study investigates the glacier area change, mass balance and associated glacial lake evolution in the headwaters of Kawari basin, western Nepal using optical remote sensing images. The results indicate that eleven glaciers in the study area have shrunk by 1.64 km2 between 1994 and 2021. In the same period, due to glacier recession glacial lake formed and expanded by 0.0103 km2 yr-1 reaching 0.34±0.042 km2 in 2021. Surface elevation change of glaciers revealed that the ablation zone of glacier thinned up to -8.18 m between 2000 and 2019. The specific mass balance of eleven glaciers was calculated to be -0.3 m w. e. yr-1 from 2000 to 2019. The study of glaciers is important as they are visible signals of climate change, and their changes often impact water resources and mountain hydrology. 
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2773-8205
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/jalawaayu.v3i1.52068
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Profile of Patients with Brain Abscess
    Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital ; 2020
    In:  Birat Journal of Health Sciences Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2020-12-30), p. 1220-1223
    Details
    In: Birat Journal of Health Sciences, Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 2020-12-30), p. 1220-1223
    Abstract: Introduction:  Despite of the advent of modern neurosurgical techniques and antibiotics, brain abscess possesses a major neurosurgical challenge in treatment. In this study we present the profile , clinical features , radiological features , treatment received and their outcome of cases of brain abscess that we managed in our center.   Methods:  Total 30 patients diagnosed with brain abscess who underwent treatment in last four months were included in this study.  A descriptive observational data of brain abscess and the outcome variables in the form of Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge ,  hospital stay, and mortality were studied. The ultimate outcome was measured in Glasgow Outcome Score.   Results: Total number of cases was 30, outwith male dominance 19 (63.3%) .  Age ranged from 2 months to 60 years. Twenty-five patients were of acute pyogenic abscess while and rest were tubercular abscess.  Common clinical features were headache (70%), fever (30%), vomiting (23%), seizure (23%) and focal neurological deficits (16.7%). Overall mean hospital stay was 31 days. The common aetogenic factors included chronic suppurative otitis media (16.7%), tuberculosis (16.7%), post-traumatic (10%), congenital heart disease (10%) and rest (46%) were of unknown source. lobe Temporal lobe and cerebellar were most common site involved (20%) each followed by frontal (16.7%). Surgery was done in 25 (83.3%) cases out of which 12 underwent burr hole and aspiration and 12 patients underwent craniotomy and excision and one patient underwent burr hole and followed by craniotomy. Five patients were managed conservatively. Complete resolution of abscess with complete recovery of preoperative neurological-deficit was seen n 28 (93.3%) cases.   Conclusion:  Early diagnosis and timely intervention improves the outcome of brain abscess. Most of the cases required surgical intervention and drainage of pus and had good postoperative outcome.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2542-2804 , 2542-2758
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/bjhs.v5i3.33702
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Good Quality of Life among People Living with Diabetes Mellitus Visiting the Outpatient Department of Endocrinology in a Tertiary Care Centre
    Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA) ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Nepal Medical Association Vol. 61, No. 268 ( 2023-12-01), p. 945-948
    Details
    In: Journal of Nepal Medical Association, Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA), Vol. 61, No. 268 ( 2023-12-01), p. 945-948
    Abstract: Introduction: Assessing the quality of life of individuals living with diabetes is crucial for ensuring optimal care and effective management of complications related to their condition. Diabetes is one of the leading causes of preventable mortality and morbidity among non-communicable diseases. The study aims to find out the prevalence of the good quality of life of people living with Diabetes mellitus visiting a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among type 2 diabetic patients visiting the Outpatient Department of Endocrinology in a tertiary care centre from 30 June 2022 to 20 July 2022. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee. A systematic random sampling technique was used. D-39 questionnaires were administered via face-to-face interviews. Point estimate was calculated at 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Among 118 patients living with diabetes, good quality of life was seen in 97 (82.20%) (75.30-89.10, 95% Confidence Interval). This study found that the energy and mobility domain has the highest mean score of 26.7±7.8. Conclusions: The prevalence of good quality life of people living with Diabetes mellitus was found to be higher than other similar studies done in similar settings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1815-672X , 0028-2715
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.31729/jnma.8370
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2209910-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A comparative study between vapor phase polymerized PPy and PEDOT - Thermoplastic polyurethane composites for ammonia sensing
    Elsevier BV ; 2021
    In:  Polymer Vol. 217 ( 2021-03), p. 123463-
    Details
    In: Polymer, Elsevier BV, Vol. 217 ( 2021-03), p. 123463-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0032-3861
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123463
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2013972-X
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Etiology of isolated terminal ileal ulcers in symptomatic patients
    Nepal Journals Online (JOL) ; 2019
    In:  Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 4, No. 2 ( 2019-09-05), p. 2-9
    Details
    In: Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 4, No. 2 ( 2019-09-05), p. 2-9
    Abstract: Introduction: Isolated terminal ileal ulcers (ITIUs) are being frequently encountered by the clinicians with the increasing numbers of ileal intubation during colonoscopies. This study was aimed at finding the etiologies of these ulcers in symptomatic patients and their association with various clinical features. Methods: This was a hospital based prospective, observational, descriptive study performed on all consecutive patients who underwent ileocolonoscopy for various gastrointestinal symptoms between 1 July 2018 and 30 June 2019. Clinical, endoscopic and histopathological findings were analyzed to determine the etiology of ITIUs in symptomatic patients. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS 20. Results: Among 60 (7.67%) of 782 symptomatic patients who had ITIUs on ileocolonoscopy, specific etiologies were established in 28 (46.67%) of them. Intestinal TB was the most common specific diagnosis, which was seen in 18 (30%) patients. Chronic abdominal pain with or without chronic diarrhea was the most common indication for ileocolonoscopy. Conclusions: Specific etiologies like tuberculosis, Crohn’s disease, NSAID-induced ulcer and intestinal spirochetosis were seen in 28 (46.67%) of patients with isolated terminal ileal ulcers. The most common clinical features were chronic abdominal pain (65%) and abdominal pain with diarrhea (16.7%). No clinical presentation was significantly associated with any specific etiology, thus emphasizing the need for routine ileal intubation and tissue sampling for histopathological examination in all symptomatic patients undergoing colonoscopy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2091-1459 , 2091-1424
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/njms.v4i2.25471
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2682352-4
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Poly(ethylene oxide) in polypyrrole doped dodecylbenzenesulfonate: characterisation and linear actuation
    Inderscience Publishers ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Nanotechnology Vol. 15, No. 8/9/10 ( 2018), p. 689-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Nanotechnology, Inderscience Publishers, Vol. 15, No. 8/9/10 ( 2018), p. 689-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1475-7435 , 1741-8151
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1504/IJNT.2018.098435
    Language: English
    Publisher: Inderscience Publishers
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    How Well the Government of Nepal Is Responding to COVID-19? An Experience From a Resource-Limited Country to Confront Unprecedented Pandemic
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Public Health Vol. 9 ( 2021-2-17)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Public Health, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2021-2-17)
    Abstract: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, was first reported in Wuhan, China and is now a pandemic affecting over 218 countries and territories around the world. Nepal has been severely affected by it, with an increasing number of confirmed cases and casualties in recent days, even after 8 months of the first case detected in China. As of 26 November 2020, there were over 227,600 confirmed cases of COVID in Nepal with 209,435 recovered cases and 1,412 deaths. This study aimed to compile public data available from the Ministry of Health and Population (MoHP), Government of Nepal (GoN) and analyse the data of 104 deceased COVID-19 patients using IBM SPSS (Version 25.0). Additionally, this study also aimed to provide critical insights on response of the GoN to COVID-19 and way forward to confront unprecedented pandemic. Figures and maps were created using the Origin Lab (Version 2018) and QGIS (Version 3.10.8). Most of the reported cases were from Bagmati Province, the location of Nepal's capital city, Kathmandu. Among deceased cases, & gt;69% of the patients were male and patients ≥54 years accounted for 67.9% ( n = 923). Preliminary findings showed respiratory illness, diabetes, and chronic kidney diseases were the most common comorbid conditions associated with COVID-19 deaths in Nepal. Despite some efforts in the 8 months since the first case was detected, the government's response so far has been insufficient. Since the government eased the lockdown in July 2020, Nepal is facing a flood of COVID-19 cases. If no aggressive actions are taken, the epidemic is likely to result in significant morbidity and mortality in Nepal. The best way to curb the effect of the ongoing pandemic in a resource-limited country like Nepal is to increase testing, tracing, and isolation capacity, and to set up quality quarantine centers throughout the nation. A comprehensive health literacy campaign, quality care of older adults and those with comorbidity will also result in the effective management of the ongoing pandemic.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-2565
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.597808
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711781-9
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  • 10
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    Image_1.JPEG
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Public Health Vol. 11 ( 2023-5-24)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Public Health, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2023-5-24)
    Abstract: The Public-Private Mix (PPM) approach is a strategic initiative that involves engaging all private and public health care providers in the fight against tuberculosis using international health care standards. For tuberculosis control in Nepal, the PPM approach could be a milestone. This study aimed to explore the barriers to a public-private mix approach in the management of tuberculosis cases in Nepal. Methods We conducted key informant interviews with 20 participants, 14 of whom were from private clinics, polyclinics, and hospitals where the PPM approach was used, two from government hospitals, and four from policymakers. All data were audio-recorded, transcribed, and translated into English. The transcripts of the interviews were manually organized, and themes were generated and categorized into 1. TB case detection, 2. patient-related barriers, and 3. health-system-related barriers. Results A total of 20 respondents participated in the study. Barriers to PPM were identified into following three themes: (1) Obstacles related to TB case detection, (2) Obstacles related to patients, and (3) Obstacles related to health-care system. PPM implementation was challenged by following sub-themes that included staff turnover, low private sector participation in workshops, a lack of trainings, poor recording and reporting, insufficient joint monitoring and supervision, poor financial benefit, lack of coordination and collaboration, and non-supportive TB-related policies and strategies. Conclusion Government stakeholders can significantly benefit by applying a proactive role working with the private in monitoring and supervision. The joint efforts with private sector can then enable all stakeholders to follow the government policy, practice and protocols in case finding, holding and other preventive approaches. Future research are essential in exploring how PPM could be optimized.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-2565
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1132090
    DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1132090.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2711781-9
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