In:
Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 22, No. 6 ( 2022-12), p. 1390-1403
Abstract:
Cognitive impairment in psychosis is one of the strongest predictors of functional decline. Problems with decision-making processes, such as goal-directed action and reversal learning, can reflect cortico-striatal dysfunction. The heterogenous symptoms and neurobiology observed in those with psychosis suggests that specific cognitive phenotypes may reflect differing causative mechanisms. As such, decision-making performance could identify subgroups of individuals with more severe cortico-striatal dysfunction and help to predict their functional decline. The present work evaluated the relationship between goal-directed action, reversal learning, and symptom profiles in those with psychosis. We assessed decision-making processes in healthy controls (N = 34) and those with persistent psychosis (N = 45), subclassifying subjects based on intact/impaired goal-directed action. Compared with healthy controls ( 〈 20%), a large proportion (58%) of those with persistent psychosis displayed impaired goal-directed action, predicting poor serial reversal learning performance. Computational approaches indicated that those with impaired goal-directed action had a decreased capacity to rapidly update their prior beliefs in the face of changing contingencies. Impaired decision-making also was associated with reduced levels of grandiosity and increased problems with abstract thinking. These findings suggest that prominent decision-making deficits, indicative of cortico-striatal dysfunction, are present in a large proportion of people with persistent psychosis. Moreover, these impairments would have significant functional implications in terms of planning and abstract thinking.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1530-7026
,
1531-135X
DOI:
10.3758/s13415-022-01026-8
Language:
English
Publisher:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Publication Date:
2022
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2053090-0
SSG:
5,2
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