In:
Pediatric Research, Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Abstract:
The primary objective of this study was to examine risk factors for toddler’s hypertension. Methods Subjects of this study were children and parents participating in a national birth cohort study in Japan, the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. We measured the children’s blood pressure (BP) at 2 and 4 years old. We obtained children’s and parents’ backgrounds from the questionnaire. We investigated the factors that affect BP elevation. Results Within 4988 participants, the mean systolic BP at 2 years old was 91.2 mmHg for boys and 90.0 mmHg for girls. The mean systolic BP at 4 years old was 93.8 mmHg for boys and 93.1 mmHg for girls. Parental smoking was associated with elevated values of BP at 2 and 4 years old. Obesity, gestational hypertension, and parental lower education were associated with elevated values of BP at 4 years old. Hypertensive group had a significantly higher obesity rate. The mother’s lower education and parental smoking were involved in hypertensive groups. Conclusion Parental smoking had a significant effect on BP even in early toddlers. We emphasize the importance of avoiding second-hand smoking from early infancy to prevent future lifestyle-related illnesses including hypertension. Impact The mean systolic BP at 2 years old was 91.2 mmHg for boys and 90.0 mmHg for girls. The mean systolic BP at 4 years old was 93.8 mmHg for boys and 93.1 mmHg for girls. Obesity, parental smoking, and lower education were associated with hypertension at 4 years old. Parental smoking was associated with hypertension at 2 and 4 years old. We emphasize the importance of avoiding second-hand smoking from early infancy.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
0031-3998
,
1530-0447
DOI:
10.1038/s41390-023-02796-8
Language:
English
Publisher:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Publication Date:
2023
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2031217-9
SSG:
12
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