In:
Kidney and Blood Pressure Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 27, No. 1 ( 2004), p. 43-62
Abstract:
〈 i 〉 Background/Aims: 〈 /i 〉 The role of COX-2 for renal function during renal development, for physiology and pathophysiology of renal diseases and the side effects of available COX-2 inhibitors, has gained increasing interest. We aimed therefore to review the respective role of renal COX-2. 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 Review of relevant recent publications in the field, and in addition of in part unpublished data obtained in our laboratories. 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 COX-2 is ‘constitutively’ localized in the kidney i.e. in macula densa, TALH, interstitial cells, and is of utmost importance for normal renal development. Renal COX-2 is regulated by for example sodium and volume intake, angiotensin II, glucocorticoids often involving specific COX-2 promotor response elements. COX-2 derived prostanoids are required for preservation of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration especially in states of fluid deficit, they promote natriuresis, and furthermore may stimulate renin secretion during low-sodium intake/loop diuretic use. Conversely, COX-2 inhibitors decrease glomerular filtration, and renal perfusion, sometimes even causing acute renal failure. In addition, COX-2 inhibitors cause sodium retention, edema formation, cardiac failure and hypertension. The role of COX-2 derived prostanoids in renal inflammation or failure including diabetic nephropathy and renal transplantation remains at present controversial. 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 COX-2 is one of the major players in renal physiology and pathophysiology. One focus of future work should be placed on COX-2 in primary renal diseases.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1420-4096
,
1423-0143
Language:
English
Publisher:
S. Karger AG
Publication Date:
2004
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1482922-8
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