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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Chemical Society (ACS) ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Vol. 57, No. 15 ( 2014-08-14), p. 6383-6392
    In: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, American Chemical Society (ACS), Vol. 57, No. 15 ( 2014-08-14), p. 6383-6392
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-2623 , 1520-4804
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491411-6
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-09-20)
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-09-20)
    Abstract: Movement‐based indices such as moves per minute (MPM) and proportion time moving (PTM) are common methodologies to quantify foraging behavior. Hundreds of studies have reported these indices, many without specifying the temporal resolution of their original data, and others using varying resolutions. This was done despite the likelihood that observation resolution can affect MPM and PTM estimates. Our goal was to empirically determine the sensitivity of these foraging indices to changes in the temporal resolution of the observation. We used a high-speed camera to record movement sequences of 20 Acanthodactylus boskianus lizards. Then, we gradually decreased the resolution of the data and calculated the foraging indices at different temporal resolutions. When considering the range of temporal resolutions that are relevant for field observations with unassisted vision, we found 68% and 48% difference in MPM and PTM estimates, respectively. When using the highest resolution, our estimate of MPM was an order of magnitude higher than all prior reported values for lizards. Our results raise major concerns regarding the use of already published movement-based indices, and enable us to recommend how new foraging data should be collected.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    University of Chicago Press ; 2015
    In:  The American Naturalist Vol. 186, No. 1 ( 2015-07), p. 163-164
    In: The American Naturalist, University of Chicago Press, Vol. 186, No. 1 ( 2015-07), p. 163-164
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-0147 , 1537-5323
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: University of Chicago Press
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473832-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 207092-3
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    SSG: 12
    SSG: 25
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  • 4
    In: Ecosphere, Wiley, Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2022-02)
    Abstract: Standardized data on large‐scale and long‐term patterns of species richness are critical for understanding the consequences of natural and anthropogenic changes in the environment. The North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) is one of the largest and most widely used sources of such data, but so far, little is known about the degree to which BBS data provide accurate estimates of regional richness. Here, we test this question by comparing estimates of regional richness based on BBS data with spatially and temporally matched estimates based on state Breeding Bird Atlases (BBA). We expected that estimates based on BBA data would provide a more complete (and therefore, more accurate) representation of regional richness due to their larger number of observation units and higher sampling effort within the observation units. Our results were only partially consistent with these predictions: while estimates of regional richness based on BBA data were higher than those based on BBS data, estimates of local richness (number of species per observation unit) were higher in BBS data. The latter result is attributed to higher land‐cover heterogeneity in BBS units and higher effectiveness of bird detection (more species are detected per unit time). Interestingly, estimates of regional richness based on BBA blocks were higher than those based on BBS data even when differences in the number of observation units were controlled for. Our analysis indicates that this difference was due to higher compositional turnover between BBA units, probably due to larger differences in habitat conditions between BBA units and a higher likelihood of observing geographically restricted species. Our overall results indicate that estimates of regional richness based on BBS data suffer from incomplete detection of a large number of rare species, and that corrections of these estimates based on standard extrapolation techniques are not sufficient to remove this bias. Future applications of BBS data in ecology and conservation, and in particular, applications in which the representation of rare species is important (e.g., those focusing on biodiversity conservation), should be aware of this bias, and should integrate BBA data whenever possible.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2150-8925 , 2150-8925
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2572257-8
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2023
    In:  Science Vol. 381, No. 6657 ( 2023-08-04), p. 563-568
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 381, No. 6657 ( 2023-08-04), p. 563-568
    Abstract: Tropical trees distance themselves from members of the same species more than from other species and more than expected by chance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2023
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Methods in Ecology and Evolution Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2018-04), p. 1088-1096
    In: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2018-04), p. 1088-1096
    Abstract: Movement‐based indices such as moves per minute ( MPM ) and proportion time moving ( PTM ) are common methodologies to quantify foraging behaviour. We explore fundamental drawbacks of these indices that question the ways scientists have been using them and propose new solutions. To do so, we combined analytical and simulation models with lizards foraging data at the individual and species levels. We found that the maximal value of MPM is constrained by the minimal durations of moves and stops. As a result, foragers that rarely move and those that rarely stop are bounded to similar low MPM values. This implies that (1) MPM has very little meaning when used alone, (2) MPM and PTM are interdependent, and (3) certain areas in the MPM ‐ PTM plane cannot be occupied. We also found that MPM suffers from inaccuracy and imprecision. We introduced a new bias correction formula for already published MPM data, and a novel index of changes per minute ( CPM ) that uses the frequency of changes between move and stop bouts. CPM is very similar to MPM , but does not suffer from bias. Finally, we suggested a new foraging plane of average move and average stop durations. We hope that our guidelines of how to use (and not to use) movement‐based indices will add rigor to the study of animals’ foraging behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-210X , 2041-210X
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2528492-7
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Global Ecology and Biogeography Vol. 31, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 183-195
    In: Global Ecology and Biogeography, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 183-195
    Abstract: In an age of increased anthropogenic changes, it is crucially important to understand how and why ecological communities change. Community assembly is governed by colonization and extinction processes, and the simplest model describing it is dynamic equilibrium (DE), which assumes that communities are shaped solely by stochastic colonization and extinction events. Deviations from this model can point to the role of species life histories, niches or human stressors acting on communities. Despite its potential to serve as a null model for community dynamics, there is currently no accepted methodology for identifying and measuring such deviations. Innovation Here we propose a new, easily applicable methodology for testing and quantifying deviations of empirically observed time series of community dynamics from the predictions and assumptions of the classical DE model, in which assemblages of independent species undergo stochastic colonization–extinction dynamics with constant rates. The methodology consists of a novel randomization‐based null model to generate synthetic time series (PARIS) and a set of statistics that quantify and test how different facets of community dynamics deviate from DE. These statistics are designed to test the assumptions of the theory, namely species independence and constancy of colonization and extinction rates, and the predictions of the theory regarding the magnitude of changes in species richness and composition. Main conclusions Tested against simulated data and a case study, the proposed methodology is shown to have good statistical properties: acceptable type I error rates, good statistical power and robustness against errors in the data. We discuss alternative methods and present guidelines for practical use of the methodology, hoping it will enhance the applicability of DE as a reference for studying changes in ecological communities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1466-822X , 1466-8238
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021283-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    University of Chicago Press ; 2014
    In:  The American Naturalist Vol. 184, No. 4 ( 2014-10), p. 439-446
    In: The American Naturalist, University of Chicago Press, Vol. 184, No. 4 ( 2014-10), p. 439-446
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-0147 , 1537-5323
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: University of Chicago Press
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473832-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 207092-3
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    SSG: 12
    SSG: 25
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2013
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 110, No. 31 ( 2013-07-30)
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, No. 31 ( 2013-07-30)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2011
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 108, No. 12 ( 2011-03-22), p. 5098-5103
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 108, No. 12 ( 2011-03-22), p. 5098-5103
    Abstract: Numerous G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been shown to form heteromeric receptors in cell-based assays. Among the many heteromers reported in the opioid receptor family are μ/κ, κ/δ, and μ/δ. However, the in vivo physiological and behavioral relevance for the proposed heteromers have not yet been established. Here we report a unique example of a ligand, N -naphthoyl-β-naltrexamine (NNTA) that selectively activates heteromeric μ/κ-opioid receptors in HEK-293 cells and induces potent antinociception in mice. NNTA was an exceptionally potent agonist in cells expressing μ/κ-opioid receptors. Intriguingly, it was found to be a potent antagonist in cells expressing only μ-receptors. In the mouse tail-flick assay, intrathecal (i.t.) NNTA produced antinociception that was ~100-fold greater than by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration. The κ-antagonist, norBNI, decreased the i.t. potency, and the activity was virtually abolished in μ-opioid receptor knockout mice. No tolerance was induced i.t., but marginal tolerance (3-fold) was observed via the i.c.v. route. Moreover, NNTA produced neither significant physical dependence nor place preference in the ED 50 dose range. Taken together, this work provides an important pharmacologic tool for investigating the in vivo functional relevance of heteromeric μ/κ-opioid receptors and suggests an approach to potent analgesics with fewer deleterious side effects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2011
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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