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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A validated algorithm using current literature to judge the appropriateness of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty utilizing the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method
    Elsevier BV ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Vol. 31, No. 7 ( 2022-07), p. e332-e345
    Details
    In: Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Elsevier BV, Vol. 31, No. 7 ( 2022-07), p. e332-e345
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1058-2746
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2021.12.025
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046901-9
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  • 2
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    Does maternal position during delivery affect the incidence of neonatal shoulder dystocia?
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2017
    In:  Evidence-Based Practice Vol. 20, No. 9 ( 2017-09), p. E5-E6
    Details
    In: Evidence-Based Practice, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 20, No. 9 ( 2017-09), p. E5-E6
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-4120
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/01.EBP.0000541828.78179.50
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 3
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    The effects of AUT00206, a novel Kv3.1/3.2 potassium channel modulator, on task-based reward system activation: a test of mechanism in schizophrenia
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Psychopharmacology Vol. 239, No. 10 ( 2022-10), p. 3313-3323
    Details
    In: Psychopharmacology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 239, No. 10 ( 2022-10), p. 3313-3323
    Abstract: The pathophysiology of schizophrenia involves abnormal reward processing, thought to be due to disrupted striatal and dopaminergic function. Consistent with this hypothesis, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies using the monetary incentive delay (MID) task report hypoactivation in the striatum during reward anticipation in schizophrenia. Dopamine neuron activity is modulated by striatal GABAergic interneurons. GABAergic interneuron firing rates, in turn, are related to conductances in voltage-gated potassium 3.1 (Kv3.1) and 3.2 (Kv3.2) channels, suggesting that targeting Kv3.1/3.2 could augment striatal function during reward processing. Here, we studied the effect of a novel potassium Kv3.1/3.2 channel modulator, AUT00206, on striatal activation in patients with schizophrenia, using the MID task. Each participant completed the MID during fMRI scanning on two occasions: once at baseline, and again following either 4 weeks of AUT00206 or placebo treatment. We found a significant inverse relationship at baseline between symptom severity and reward anticipation-related neural activation in the right associative striatum ( r  = -0.461, p  = 0.035). Following treatment with AUT00206, there was a significant increase in reward anticipation-related activation in the left associative striatum (t (13)  = 4.23, peak-level p (FWE)  〈  0.05)), but no significant effect in the ventral striatum. This provides preliminary evidence that the Kv3.1/3.2 potassium channel modulator, AUT00206, may address reward-related striatal abnormalities in schizophrenia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-3158 , 1432-2072
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06216-3
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066933-1
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 4
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    The association between N -methyl- d -aspartate receptor availability and glutamate levels: A multi-modal PET-MR brain imaging study in first-episode psychosis and healthy controls
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Psychopharmacology Vol. 36, No. 9 ( 2022-09), p. 1051-1060
    Details
    In: Journal of Psychopharmacology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 36, No. 9 ( 2022-09), p. 1051-1060
    Abstract: Evidence from post-mortem studies and in vivo imaging studies suggests there may be reduced N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) levels in the hippocampus in patients with schizophrenia. Other studies have reported increased glutamate in striatum in schizophrenia patients. It has been hypothesised that NMDAR hypofunction leads to the disinhibition of glutamatergic signalling; however, this has not been tested in vivo. Methods: In this study, we investigated the relationship between hippocampal NMDAR and striatal glutamate using simultaneous positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance (PET-MR) imaging. We recruited 40 volunteers to this cross-sectional study; 21 patients with schizophrenia, all in their first episode of illness, and 19 healthy controls. We measured hippocampal NMDAR availability using the PET ligand [ 18 F]GE179. This was indexed relative to whole brain as the distribution volume ratio (DVR). Striatal glutamatergic indices (glutamate and Glx) were acquired simultaneously, using combined PET-MR proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS). Results: A total of 33 individuals (15 healthy controls, 18 patients) were included in the analyses (mean (SD) age of controls, 27.31 (4.68) years; mean (SD) age of patients, 24.75 (4.33), 27 male and 6 female). We found an inverse relationship between hippocampal DVR and striatal glutamate levels in people with first-episode psychosis (rho = −0.74, p  〈  0.001) but not in healthy controls (rho = −0.22, p = 0.44). Conclusion: This study show that lower relative NMDAR availability in the hippocampus may drive increased striatal glutamate levels in patients with schizophrenia. Further work is required to determine whether these findings may yield new targets for drug development in schizophrenia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0269-8811 , 1461-7285
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/02698811221099643
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2028926-1
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  • 5
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    Up: The rise of nitrous oxide abuse. An international survey of contemporary nitrous oxide use
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Psychopharmacology Vol. 30, No. 4 ( 2016-04), p. 395-401
    Details
    In: Journal of Psychopharmacology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 30, No. 4 ( 2016-04), p. 395-401
    Abstract: In recent years the recreational use of inhaled nitrous oxide gas (N 2 O) is becoming increasingly popular, yet little is known about the characteristics of its users or the effects they experience. This paper presents original research from the 2014 Global Drug Survey (GDS) ( n=74,864). GDS runs the largest survey of recreational drug use in the world. The findings confirm N 2 O as a very common drug of use, in particular in the UK and US (38.6% and 29.4% lifetime prevalence). In the UK N 2 O was reported to be the eighth most commonly used substance. N 2 O was generally consumed via gas-filled balloons, at festivals and clubs where use of other substances was common. The vast majority of users use infrequently, and their use is not associated with significant harm. However, there appears to be a subpopulation of heavy users who may be using in a dependent pattern. Analysis of last year N 2 O users ( n=4883), confirms that N 2 O is associated with hallucinations and confusion (which may be the desired effects) and persistent numbness and accidental injury (27.8%, 23.9%, 4.3% and 1.2% of last year users, respectively). Accidental injury is associated with the highest number of ‘hits’ per session, suggesting a dose–response relationship. The presence of significant harm is discussed in the light of public education on the risks of N 2 O use and harm-reduction strategies appropriate to N 2 O use. Further work needs to be completed to confirm the presence of persistent neurological symptoms in recreational users.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0269-8811 , 1461-7285
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0269881116632375
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2028926-1
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  • 6
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    N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor availability in first-episode psychosis: a PET-MR brain imaging study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Translational Psychiatry Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-08-12)
    Details
    In: Translational Psychiatry, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-08-12)
    Abstract: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction is hypothesised to underlie psychosis but this has not been tested early in illness. To address this, we studied 40 volunteers (21 patients with first-episode psychosis and 19 matched healthy controls) using PET imaging with an NMDAR selective ligand, [ 18 F]GE-179, that binds to the ketamine binding site to index its distribution volume ratio (DVR) and volume of distribution ( V T ). Hippocampal DVR, but not V T , was significantly lower in patients relative to controls ( p  = 0.02, Cohen’s d  = 0.81; p  = 0.15, Cohen’s d  = 0.49), and negatively associated with total (rho = −0.47, p  = 0.04), depressive (rho = −0.67, p  = 0.002), and general symptom severity (rho = −0.74, p   〈  0.001). Exploratory analyses found no significant differences in other brain regions (anterior cingulate cortex, thalamus, striatum and temporal cortex). These findings are consistent with the NMDAR hypofunction hypothesis and identify the hippocampus as a key locus for relative NMDAR hypofunction, although further studies should test specificity and causality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2158-3188
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01540-2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2609311-X
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  • 7
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    Effect of Humeral Head Defect Size on Glenohumeral Stability : A Cadaveric Study of Simulated Hill-Sachs Defects
    SAGE Publications ; 2010
    In:  The American Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 38, No. 3 ( 2010-03), p. 594-599
    Details
    In: The American Journal of Sports Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 38, No. 3 ( 2010-03), p. 594-599
    Abstract: Hill-Sachs lesions are often present with recurrent shoulder instability and may be a cause of failed Bankart repair. Hypothesis Glenohumeral joint stability decreases with increasingly larger humeral head defects. Study Design Descriptive laboratory study. Methods Humeral head defects, 1/8, 3/8, 5/8, and 7/8 of the humeral head radius, were created in 8 human cadaveric shoulders, simulating Hill-Sachs defects. Testing positions included 45° and 90° of abduction and 40° of internal rotation, neutral, and 40° of external rotation. Testing occurred at each defect size sequentially from smallest to largest for all abduction and rotation combinations. The humeral head was translated at 0.5 mm/s 45° anteroinferiorly to the horizontal glenoid axis until dislocation. Distance to dislocation, defined as humeral head translation until it began to subluxate, was the primary outcome measure. Results Significant factors by ANOVA were rotation (P 〈 .001) and defect size (P 〈 .001). There was no difference for the 2 abduction angles. External rotation of 40° significantly reduced distance to dislocation compared with neutral and 40° internal rotation (P 〈 .001). Osteotomies of 5/8 and 7/8 radius significantly decreased distance to dislocation over the intact state (P = .009 and P 〈 .001, respectively). Post hoc analysis determined significant differences for the rotational positions. Decreased distance to dislocation occurred at 5/8 radius osteotomy at 40° external rotation with 90° of abduction (P = .008). For the 7/8 radius osteotomy at 90° abduction, there was a decreased distance to dislocation for neutral and 40° external rotation (P 〈 .001); at 45° abduction, there was a decreased distance to dislocation at 40° external rotation (P 〈 .001). With the humerus internally rotated, there was no significant change in distance to dislocation. Conclusion Glenohumeral stability decreases at a 5/8 radius defect in external rotation and abduction. At 7/8 radius, there was a further decrease in stability at neutral and external rotation. Clinical Relevance Defects of 5/8 the humeral head radius may require treatment to decrease the failure rate of shoulder instability repair.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0363-5465 , 1552-3365
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0363546509350295
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2063945-4
    SSG: 31
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  • 8
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    The function and design of seclusion rooms in clinical settings
    NAPICU (National Association of Psychiatric Intensive Care Units) ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Psychiatric Intensive Care Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2017-09-01), p. 83-91
    Details
    In: Journal of Psychiatric Intensive Care, NAPICU (National Association of Psychiatric Intensive Care Units), Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2017-09-01), p. 83-91
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1742-6464
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.20299/jpi.2017.007
    Language: English
    Publisher: NAPICU (National Association of Psychiatric Intensive Care Units)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2207601-3
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  • 9
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    Factors associated with surgeon recommendation for additional cast immobilization of a CT-verified nondisplaced scaphoid waist fracture
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Vol. 141, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 2011-2018
    Details
    In: Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 141, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 2011-2018
    Abstract: Data from clinical trials suggest that CT-confirmed nondisplaced scaphoid waist fractures heal with less than the conventional 8–12 weeks of immobilization. Barriers to adopting shorter immobilization times in clinical practice may include a strong influence of fracture tenderness and radiographic appearance on decision-making. This study aimed to investigate (1) the degree to which surgeons use fracture tenderness and radiographic appearance of union, among other factors, to decide whether or not to recommend additional cast immobilization after 8 or 12 weeks of immobilization; (2) identify surgeon factors associated with the decision to continue cast immobilization after 8 or 12 weeks. Materials and methods In a survey-based study, 218 surgeons reviewed 16 patient scenarios of CT-confirmed nondisplaced waist fractures treated with cast immobilization for 8 or 12 weeks and recommended for or against additional cast immobilization. Clinical variables included patient sex, age, a description of radiographic fracture consolidation, fracture tenderness and duration of cast immobilization completed (8 versus 12 weeks). To assess the impact of clinical factors on recommendation to continue immobilization we calculated posterior probabilities and determined variable importance using a random forest algorithm. Multilevel logistic mixed regression analysis was used to identify surgeon characteristics associated with recommendation for additional cast immobilization. Results Unclear fracture healing on radiographs, fracture tenderness and 8 (versus 12) weeks of completed cast immobilization were the most important factors influencing surgeons’ decision to recommend continued cast immobilization. Women surgeons (OR 2.96; 95% CI 1.28–6.81, p  =  0.011), surgeons not specialized in orthopedic trauma, hand and wrist or shoulder and elbow surgery (categorized as ‘other’) (OR 2.64; 95% CI 1.31–5.33, p  =  0.007) and surgeons practicing in the United States (OR 6.53, 95% CI 2.18–19.52, p  =  0.01 versus Europe) were more likely to recommend continued immobilization. Conclusion Adoption of shorter immobilization times for CT-confirmed nondisplaced scaphoid waist fractures may be hindered by surgeon attention to fracture tenderness and radiographic appearance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0936-8051 , 1434-3916
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00402-021-04062-0
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1458452-9
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  • 10
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    Pre-frontal parvalbumin interneurons in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of post-mortem studies
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Neural Transmission Vol. 126, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. 1637-1651
    Details
    In: Journal of Neural Transmission, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 126, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. 1637-1651
    Abstract: Parvalbumin interneurons are fast-spiking GABAergic neurons that provide inhibitory control of cortical and subcortical circuits and are thought to be a key locus of the pathophysiology underlying schizophrenia. In view of the contradictory results regarding the nature of parvalbumin post-mortem findings in schizophrenia, we conducted a quantitative meta-analysis of the data on parvalbumin cell density and parvalbumin mRNA levels in pre-frontal regions in the brains of patients with schizophrenia ( n  = 274) compared with healthy controls ( n  = 275). The results suggest that parvalbumin interneurons are reduced in density in the frontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia ( Hedges’ g  = − 0.27; p  = 0.03) and there is a non-significant reduction in parvalbumin mRNA levels ( g  = − 0.44; p  = 0.12). However, certain methodological issues need to be considered in interpreting such results and are discussed in more detail. A meta-regression was conducted for post-mortem interval and year of publication as covariates which were both non-significant, except in the mRNA meta-analysis where post-mortem interval was found to be significant. Overall our findings provide tentative support for the hypothesis that the GABAergic system is deficient in schizophrenia and that parvalbumin-containing interneurons offer a potential target for treatment. However, further well-controlled studies that examine multiple regions and layers are warranted to determine whether parvalbumin alterations are region or layer specific and to test the robustness of the findings further.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0300-9564 , 1435-1463
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00702-019-02080-2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481655-6
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