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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic studies of gestational duration and preterm birth
    Elsevier BV ; 2018
    In:  Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology Vol. 52 ( 2018-10), p. 33-47
    Details
    In: Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 52 ( 2018-10), p. 33-47
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1521-6934
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2018.05.003
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2028869-4
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  • 2
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    Wavelet Screening: a novel approach to analyzing GWAS data
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  BMC Bioinformatics Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Bioinformatics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: Traditional methods for single-variant genome-wide association study (GWAS) incur a substantial multiple-testing burden because of the need to test for associations with a vast number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) simultaneously. Further, by ignoring more complex joint effects of nearby SNPs within a given region, these methods fail to consider the genomic context of an association with the outcome. Results To address these shortcomings, we present a more powerful method for GWAS, coined ‘Wavelet Screening’ (WS), that greatly reduces the number of tests to be performed. This is achieved through the use of a sliding-window approach based on wavelets to sequentially screen the entire genome for associations. Wavelets are oscillatory functions that are useful for analyzing the local frequency and time behavior of signals. The signals can then be divided into different scale components and analyzed separately. In the current setting, we consider a sequence of SNPs as a genetic signal, and for each screened region, we transform the genetic signal into the wavelet space. The null and alternative hypotheses are modeled using the posterior distribution of the wavelet coefficients. WS is enhanced by using additional information from the regression coefficients and by taking advantage of the pyramidal structure of wavelets. When faced with more complex genetic signals than single-SNP associations, we show via simulations that WS provides a substantial gain in power compared to both the traditional GWAS modeling and another popular regional association test called SNP-set (Sequence) Kernel Association Test (SKAT). To demonstrate feasibility, we applied WS to a large Norwegian cohort (N=8006) with genotypes and information available on gestational duration. Conclusions WS is a powerful and versatile approach to analyzing whole-genome data and lends itself easily to investigating various omics data types. Given its broader focus on the genomic context of an association, WS may provide additional insight into trait etiology by revealing genes and loci that might have been missed by previous efforts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1471-2105
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12859-021-04356-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041484-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Genetic Associations With Gestational Duration and Spontaneous Preterm Birth
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2018
    In:  Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey Vol. 73, No. 2 ( 2018-2), p. 83-85
    Details
    In: Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 73, No. 2 ( 2018-2), p. 83-85
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1533-9866 , 0029-7828
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/01.ogx.0000530434.15441.45
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2043471-6
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  • 4
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    Wavelet filters for automated recognition of birdsong in long‐time field recordings
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Methods in Ecology and Evolution Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2020-03), p. 403-417
    Details
    In: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2020-03), p. 403-417
    Abstract: Ecoacoustics has the potential to provide a large amount of information about the abundance of many animal species at a relatively low cost. Acoustic recording units are widely used in field data collection, but the facilities to reliably process the data recorded – recognizing calls that are relatively infrequent, and often significantly degraded by noise and distance to the microphone – are not well‐developed yet. We propose a call detection method for continuous field recordings that can be trained quickly and easily on new species, and degrades gracefully with increased noise or distance from the microphone. The method is based on the reconstruction of the sound from a subset of the wavelet nodes (elements in the wavelet packet decomposition tree). It is intended as a preprocessing filter, therefore we aim to minimize false negatives: false positives can be removed in subsequent processing, but missed calls will not be looked at again. We compare our method to standard call detection methods, and also to machine learning methods (using as input features either wavelet energies or Mel‐Frequency Cepstral Coefficients) on real‐world noisy field recordings of six bird species. The results show that our method has higher recall (proportion detected) than the alternative methods: 87% with 85% specificity on 〉 53 hr of test data, resulting in an 80% reduction in the amount of data that needed further verification. It detected 〉 60% of calls that were extremely faint (far away), even with high background noise. This preprocessing method is available in our AviaNZ bioacoustic analysis program and enables the user to significantly reduce the amount of subsequent processing required (whether manual or automatic) to analyse continuous field recordings collected by spatially and temporally large‐scale monitoring of animal species. It can be trained to recognize new species without difficulty, and if several species are sought simultaneously, filters can be run in parallel.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-210X , 2041-210X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/mee3.v11.3
    DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.13357
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2528492-7
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  • 5
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    Geographical differences in preterm delivery rates in Sweden: A population‐based cohort study
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica Vol. 98, No. 1 ( 2019-01), p. 106-116
    Details
    In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, Wiley, Vol. 98, No. 1 ( 2019-01), p. 106-116
    Abstract: Preterm delivery is a major global public health challenge. The objective of this study was to determine how preterm delivery rates differ in a country with a very high human development index and to explore rural vs urban environmental and socioeconomic factors that may be responsible for this variation. Material and methods A population‐based study was performed using data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register from 1998 to 2013. Sweden was chosen as a model because of its validated, routinely collected data and availability of individual social data. The total population comprised 1 335 802 singleton births. A multiple linear regression was used to adjust gestational age for known risk factors (maternal smoking, ethnicity, maternal education, maternal age, height, fetal sex, maternal diabetes, maternal hypertension, and parity). A second and a third model were subsequently fitted allowing separate intercepts for each municipality (as fixed or random effects). Adjusted gestational ages were converted to preterm delivery rates and mapped onto maternal residential municipalities. Additionally, the effects of six rural vs urban environmental and socioeconomic factors on gestational age were tested using a simple weighted linear regression. Results The study population preterm delivery rate was 4.12%. Marked differences from the overall preterm delivery rate were observed (rate estimates ranged from 1.73% to 6.31%). The statistical significance of this heterogeneity across municipalities was confirmed by a chi‐squared test ( P   〈 0.001). Around 20% of the gestational age variance explained by the full model (after adjustment for known variables described above) could be attributed to municipality‐level effects. In addition, gestational age was found to be longer in areas with a higher fraction of built‐upon land and other urban features. Conclusions After adjusting for known risk factors, large geographical differences in rates of preterm delivery remain. Additional analyses to look at the effect of environmental and socioeconomic factors on gestational age found an increased gestational age in urban areas. Future research strategies could focus on investigating the urbanity effect to try to explain preterm delivery variation across countries with a very high human development index.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-6349 , 1600-0412
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/aogs.2019.98.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13455
    RVK:
    YM 6500
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2024554-3
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  • 6
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    Uterine distention as a factor in birth timing: retrospective nationwide cohort study in Sweden
    BMJ ; 2018
    In:  BMJ Open Vol. 8, No. 10 ( 2018-10), p. e022929-
    Details
    In: BMJ Open, BMJ, Vol. 8, No. 10 ( 2018-10), p. e022929-
    Abstract: To determine whether uterine distention is associated with human pregnancy duration in a non-invasive observational setting. Design Retrospective cohort study modelling uterine distention by interaction between maternal height and uterine load. Setting The study is based on the 1990–2013 population data from all delivery units in Sweden. Participants Uncomplicated first pregnancies of healthy Nordic-born mothers with spontaneous onset of labour. Pregnancies were classified as twin (n=2846) or singleton (n=527 868). Singleton pregnancies were further classified as carrying a large for gestational age fetus (LGA, n=24 286) or small for gestational age fetus (SGA, n=33 780). Outcome measures Statistical interaction between maternal height and uterine load categories (twin vs singleton pregnancies, and LGA vs SGA singleton pregnancies), where the outcome is pregnancy duration. Results In all models, statistically significant interaction was found. Mothers carrying twins had 2.9 times larger positive linear effect of maternal height on gestational age than mothers carrying singletons (interaction p=5e−14). Similarly, the effect of maternal height was strongly modulated by the fetal growth rate in singleton pregnancies: the effect size of maternal height on gestational age in LGA pregnancies was 2.1 times larger than that in SGA pregnancies (interaction p 〈 1e−11). Preterm birth OR was 1.4 when the mother was short, and 2.8 when the fetus was extremely large for its gestational age; however, when both risk factors were present together, the OR for preterm birth was larger than expected, 10.2 (interaction p 〈 0.0005). Conclusions Across all classes, maternal height was significantly associated with child’s gestational age at birth. Interestingly, in short-statured women with large uterine load (twins, LGA), spontaneous delivery occurred much earlier than expected. The interaction between maternal height, uterine load size and gestational age at birth strongly suggests the effect of uterine distention imposed by fetal growth on birth timing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2044-6055 , 2044-6055
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022929
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022929.supp1
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2599832-8
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  • 7
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    A changepoint prefilter for sound event detection in long-term bioacoustic recordings
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2021
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 150, No. 4 ( 2021-10-01), p. 2469-2478
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 150, No. 4 ( 2021-10-01), p. 2469-2478
    Abstract: Long-term soundscape recordings are useful for a variety of applications, most notably in bioacoustics. However, the processing of such data is currently limited by the ability to efficiently and reliably detect the target sounds, which are often sparse and overshadowed by environmental noise. This paper proposes a sound detector based on changepoint theory applied to a wavelet representation of the sound. In contrast to existing methods, in this framework, theoretical analysis of the detector's performance and optimality for downstream applications can be made. The relevant statistical and algorithmic developments to support these claims are presented. The method is then tested on a real task of detecting two bird species in acoustic surveys. Compared to commonly used alternatives, the proposed method consistently produced a lower false alarm rate and improved the survey efficiency as measured by the precision of the inferred population size. Finally, it is demonstrated how the method can be combined with a simple classifier to detect cat sounds in domestic recordings, which is an example from the Detection and Classification of Acoustic Scenes and Events (DCASE) 2018 workshop. The resulting performance is comparable to the state-of-the-art deep learning models and requires much less training data.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0006534
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 8
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    Exploring the association of parity and its interaction with history of preterm delivery on gestational duration
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Annals of Epidemiology ( 2023-9)
    Details
    In: Annals of Epidemiology, Elsevier BV, ( 2023-9)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1047-2797
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.09.004
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2003468-4
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  • 9
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    Variants in the fetal genome near pro-inflammatory cytokine genes on 2q13 associate with gestational duration
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Nature Communications Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2019-09-02)
    Details
    In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2019-09-02)
    Abstract: The duration of pregnancy is influenced by fetal and maternal genetic and non-genetic factors. Here we report a fetal genome-wide association meta-analysis of gestational duration, and early preterm, preterm, and postterm birth in 84,689 infants. One locus on chromosome 2q13 is associated with gestational duration; the association is replicated in 9,291 additional infants (combined P  = 3.96 × 10 −14 ). Analysis of 15,588 mother-child pairs shows that the association is driven by fetal rather than maternal genotype. Functional experiments show that the lead SNP, rs7594852, alters the binding of the HIC1 transcriptional repressor. Genes at the locus include several interleukin 1 family members with roles in pro-inflammatory pathways that are central to the process of parturition. Further understanding of the underlying mechanisms will be of great public health importance, since giving birth either before or after the window of term gestation is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-1723
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11881-8
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553671-0
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  • 10
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    Characterization of the genetic architecture of infant and early childhood body mass index
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Nature Metabolism Vol. 4, No. 3 ( 2022-03-21), p. 344-358
    Details
    In: Nature Metabolism, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 4, No. 3 ( 2022-03-21), p. 344-358
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2522-5812
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00549-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2933873-6
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