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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Book Reviews
    Informa UK Limited ; 1991
    In:  Journal of Biological Education Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 1991-09), p. 219-236
    Details
    In: Journal of Biological Education, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 1991-09), p. 219-236
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9266 , 2157-6009
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/00219266.1991.9655210
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 1991
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 410453-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2064583-1
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 5,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Drosophila Muller F Elements Maintain a Distinct Set of Genomic Properties Over 40 Million Years of Evolution
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2015
    In:  G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics Vol. 5, No. 5 ( 2015-05-01), p. 719-740
    Details
    In: G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 5, No. 5 ( 2015-05-01), p. 719-740
    Abstract: The Muller F element (4.2 Mb, ~80 protein-coding genes) is an unusual autosome of Drosophila melanogaster; it is mostly heterochromatic with a low recombination rate. To investigate how these properties impact the evolution of repeats and genes, we manually improved the sequence and annotated the genes on the D. erecta, D. mojavensis, and D. grimshawi F elements and euchromatic domains from the Muller D element. We find that F elements have greater transposon density (25–50%) than euchromatic reference regions (3–11%). Among the F elements, D. grimshawi has the lowest transposon density (particularly DINE-1: 2% vs. 11–27%). F element genes have larger coding spans, more coding exons, larger introns, and lower codon bias. Comparison of the Effective Number of Codons with the Codon Adaptation Index shows that, in contrast to the other species, codon bias in D. grimshawi F element genes can be attributed primarily to selection instead of mutational biases, suggesting that density and types of transposons affect the degree of local heterochromatin formation. F element genes have lower estimated DNA melting temperatures than D element genes, potentially facilitating transcription through heterochromatin. Most F element genes (~90%) have remained on that element, but the F element has smaller syntenic blocks than genome averages (3.4–3.6 vs. 8.4–8.8 genes per block), indicating greater rates of inversion despite lower rates of recombination. Overall, the F element has maintained characteristics that are distinct from other autosomes in the Drosophila lineage, illuminating the constraints imposed by a heterochromatic milieu.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2160-1836
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1534/g3.114.015966
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2629978-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Serum urate and cardiovascular events in the DCCT/EDIC study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-07-09)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-07-09)
    Abstract: In type 2 diabetes, hyperuricemia is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS), but associations in type 1 diabetes (T1D) have not been well-defined. This study examined the relationships between serum urate (SU) concentrations, clinical and biochemical factors, and subsequent cardiovascular events in a well-characterized cohort of adults with T1D. In 973 participants with T1D in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study (DCCT/EDIC), associations were defined between SU, measured once in blood collected 1997–2000, and (a) concurrent MetS and (b) incident ‘any CVD’ and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) through 2013. SU was higher in men than women [mean (SD): 4.47 (0.99) vs. 3.39 (0.97) mg/dl, respectively, p  〈  0.0001], and was associated with MetS features in both (men: p = 0.0016; women: p  〈  0.0001). During follow-up, 110 participants (11%) experienced “any CVD”, and 53 (5%) a MACE. Analyzed by quartiles, SU was not associated with subsequent CVD or MACE. In women, SU as a continuous variable was associated with MACE (unadjusted HR: 1.52; 95% CI 1.07–2.16; p = 0.0211) even after adjustment for age and HbA1c (HR: 1.47; 95% CI 1.01–2.14; p = 0.0467). Predominantly normal range serum urate concentrations in T1D were higher in men than women and were associated with features of the MetS. In some analyses of women only, SU was associated with subsequent MACE. Routine measurement of SU to assess cardiovascular risk in T1D is not merited. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov NCT00360815 and NCT00360893.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90785-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Epigenomic profiling reveals an association between persistence of DNA methylation and metabolic memory in the DCCT/EDIC type 1 diabetes cohort
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2016
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 113, No. 21 ( 2016-05-24)
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, No. 21 ( 2016-05-24)
    Abstract: We examined whether persistence of epigenetic DNA methylation (DNA-me) alterations at specific loci over two different time points in people with diabetes are associated with metabolic memory, the prolonged beneficial effects of intensive vs. conventional therapy during the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) on the progression of microvascular outcomes in the long-term follow-up Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) Study. We compared DNA-me profiles in genomic DNA of whole blood (WB) isolated at EDIC Study baseline from 32 cases (DCCT conventional therapy group subjects showing retinopathy or albuminuria progression by EDIC Study year 10) vs. 31 controls (DCCT intensive therapy group subjects without complication progression by EDIC year 10). DNA-me was also profiled in blood monocytes (Monos) of the same patients obtained during EDIC Study years 16–17. In WB, 153 loci depicted hypomethylation, and 225 depicted hypermethylation, whereas in Monos, 155 hypomethylated loci and 247 hypermethylated loci were found (fold change ≥1.3; P 〈 0.005; cases vs. controls). Twelve annotated differentially methylated loci were common in both WB and Monos, including thioredoxin-interacting protein ( TXNIP ), known to be associated with hyperglycemia and related complications. A set of differentially methylated loci depicted similar trends of associations with prior HbA1c in both WB and Monos. In vitro, high glucose induced similar persistent hypomethylation at TXNIP in cultured THP1 Monos. These results show that DNA-me differences during the DCCT persist at certain loci associated with glycemia for several years during the EDIC Study and support an epigenetic explanation for metabolic memory.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1603712113
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of Excessive Weight Gain on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 1 Diabetes: Results From the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) Study
    American Diabetes Association ; 2017
    In:  Diabetes Care Vol. 40, No. 12 ( 2017-12-01), p. 1756-1762
    Details
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 40, No. 12 ( 2017-12-01), p. 1756-1762
    Abstract: Intensive treatment (INT) of type 1 diabetes reduces the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events compared with conventional treatment (CONV), but it also results in more weight gain. Our objective was to examine whether excessive weight gain from INT of type 1 diabetes is independently associated with subsequent CVD events. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Quartiles (Q) of weight gain in 1,213 participants aged 18 years and older at enrollment in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) were determined within randomized treatment groups (INT vs. CONV) using change in BMI from baseline to the closeout DCCT visits. Effects of this weight gain on CVD risk factors and outcomes during an additional 20 years of observational follow-up were then determined. RESULTS The Q4 INT group experienced greater proportional weight gain (median change in BMI, 6.08 kg/m2), increases in CVD risk factors, and need for medications for hypertension and lipids compared with the Q1–3 INT and comparable CONV groups. Over a mean of 26 years of follow-up, the numbers of major and total CVD events were not statistically different in Q4 compared with Q1–3 of either the INT or CONV group. By year 14, however, the incident CVD event curve became significantly higher in the Q4 INT group than in the Q1–3 INT groups (P = 0.024) and was similar to that for the CONV group. CONCLUSIONS For the first 13 years after DCCT, INT for type 1 diabetes reduced macrovascular events compared with CONV, even when excessive weight gain occurred. After this, total CVD events significantly increased in the Q4 INT group, becoming equivalent to those in the CONV group. Longer follow-up is needed to determine whether this trend continues and results in more major CVD events.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/dc16-2523
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490520-6
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Risk in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Insights From the DCCT/EDIC Study
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2018
    In:  Journal of the American Heart Association Vol. 7, No. 10 ( 2018-05-15)
    Details
    In: Journal of the American Heart Association, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 7, No. 10 ( 2018-05-15)
    Abstract: Hyperglycemia leading to increased oxidative stress is implicated in the increased risk for the development of macrovascular and microvascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods and Results A random subcohort of 349 participants was selected from the DCCT / EDIC (Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications) cohort. This included 320 controls and 29 cardiovascular disease cases that were augmented with 98 additional known cases to yield a case cohort of 447 participants (320 controls, 127 cases). Biosamples from DCCT baseline, year 1, and closeout of DCCT , and 1 to 2 years post‐ DCCT ( EDIC years 1 and 2) were measured for markers of oxidative stress, including plasma myeloperoxidase, paraoxonase activity, urinary F 2α isoprostanes, and its metabolite, 2,3 dinor‐8 iso prostaglandin F 2α . Following adjustment for glycated hemoblobin and weighting the observations inversely proportional to the sampling selection probabilities, higher paraoxonase activity, reflective of antioxidant activity, and 2,3 dinor‐8 iso prostaglandin F 2α , an oxidative marker, were significantly associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease (−4.5% risk for 10% higher paraoxonase, P 〈 0.003; −5.3% risk for 10% higher 2,3 dinor‐8 iso prostaglandin F 2α , P =0.0092). In contrast, the oxidative markers myeloperoxidase and F 2α isoprostanes were not significantly associated with cardiovascular disease after adjustment for glycated hemoblobin. There were no significant differences between DCCT intensive and conventional treatment groups in the change in all biomarkers across time segments. Conclusions Heightened antioxidant activity (rather than diminished oxidative stress markers) is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk in type 1 diabetes mellitus, but these biomarkers did not change over time with intensification of glycemic control. Clinical Trial Registration URL : https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifiers: NCT 00360815 and NCT 00360893.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2047-9980
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.117.008368
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2653953-6
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Meta-analysis of individual-patient data from EVAR-1, DREAM, OVER and ACE trials comparing outcomes of endovascular or open repair for abdominal aortic aneurysm over 5 years
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2017
    In:  British Journal of Surgery Vol. 104, No. 3 ( 2017-02-03), p. 166-178
    Details
    In: British Journal of Surgery, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 104, No. 3 ( 2017-02-03), p. 166-178
    Abstract: The erosion of the early mortality advantage of elective endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) compared with open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm remains without a satisfactory explanation. Methods An individual-patient data meta-analysis of four multicentre randomized trials of EVARversus open repair was conducted to a prespecified analysis plan, reporting on mortality, aneurysm-related mortality and reintervention. Results The analysis included 2783 patients, with 14 245 person-years of follow-up (median 5·5 years). Early (0–6 months after randomization) mortality was lower in the EVAR groups (46 of 1393 versus 73 of 1390 deaths; pooled hazard ratio 0·61, 95 per cent c.i. 0·42 to 0·89; P = 0·010), primarily because 30-day operative mortality was lower in the EVAR groups (16 deaths versus 40 for open repair; pooled odds ratio 0·40, 95 per cent c.i. 0·22 to 0·74). Later (within 3 years) the survival curves converged, remaining converged to 8 years. Beyond 3 years, aneurysm-related mortality was significantly higher in the EVAR groups (19 deaths versus 3 for open repair; pooled hazard ratio 5·16, 1·49 to 17·89; P = 0·010). Patients with moderate renal dysfunction or previous coronary artery disease had no early survival advantage under EVAR. Those with peripheral artery disease had lower mortality under open repair (39 deaths versus 62 for EVAR; P = 0·022) in the period from 6 months to 4 years after randomization. Conclusion The early survival advantage in the EVAR group, and its subsequent erosion, were confirmed. Over 5 years, patients of marginal fitness had no early survival advantage from EVAR compared with open repair. Aneurysm-related mortality and patients with low ankle : brachial pressure index contributed to the erosion of the early survival advantage for the EVAR group. Trial registration numbers: EVAR-1, ISRCTN55703451; DREAM (Dutch Randomized Endovascular Aneurysm Management), NCT00421330; ACE (Anévrysme de l'aorte abdominale, Chirurgie versus Endoprothèse), NCT00224718; OVER (Open Versus Endovascular Repair Trial for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms), NCT00094575.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1323 , 1365-2168
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10430
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006309-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Termite sensitivity to temperature affects global wood decay rates
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2022
    In:  Science Vol. 377, No. 6613 ( 2022-09-23), p. 1440-1444
    Details
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 377, No. 6613 ( 2022-09-23), p. 1440-1444
    Abstract: A globally distributed field experiment shows that wood decay, particularly by termites, depends on temperature.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/science.abo3856
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 128410-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_1.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 13 ( 2023-1-9)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2023-1-9)
    Abstract: The European Climate Law recently codified the goal for European climate neutrality by 2050, highlighting the need for sustainable farming practices within a robust and transparent carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2 e) accounting system. In the present study, a series of equations were proposed for the estimation of CO 2 e emissions from corn silage fermentation. Systematic review of previous meta-analyses of corn silage fermentation identified the mean and standard deviation statistics for key model inputs of acetic acid, ethanol, lactic acid, ammonia, and volatile-corrected dry matter loss. Estimates of CO 2 e emissions were determined for a mock dataset comprising 1,000 iterations of randomly-generated values for each metric in accordance with mean and variance statistics of the source data. Estimates for CO 2 e emissions of corn silage based on meta-analysis review of laboratory experiments were 1.9 ± 5.6% (GWP 20 ) and 0.2 ± 5.5% (GWP 100 ) of silage dry matter. Furthermore, model results demonstrated a precedent for CO 2 recycling by silage microorganisms, which was supported by genome annotation of strains belonging to common silage species. Linear model equations for GWP 20 and GWP 100 with inputs and outputs in mg kg −1 silage dry matter were developed, where inputs are acetic acid (A), ethanol (E), lactic acid (L), and volatile corrected dry matter loss (D V ). Linear equations are (for GWP 20 ; Eq. 11): GWP 20 = − 3626.1 − 0.04343 A + 0.8011 E − 0.03173 L + 1.46573 D V and for GWP 100 ; Eq. 12: GWP 100 = − 8526.10 − 0.22403 A − 0.11963 E − 0.03173 L + 1.46573 D V .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1092315
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1092315.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587354-4
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Corrigendum: Carbon dioxide equivalent emissions from corn silage fermentation
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 14 ( 2023-3-14)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 14 ( 2023-3-14)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1176518
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587354-4
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