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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Study of Flebogrif®—A New Tool for Mechanical Sclerotherapy—Effectiveness Assessment Based on Animal Model
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2021-02-21), p. 544-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2021-02-21), p. 544-
    Abstract: Sclerotherapy is the chemical occlusion of vessels using an intravenous injection of a liquid or foamed sclerosing agent that is used in the therapy of blood and lymphatic vessels malformations in the young, and for spider veins, smaller varicose veins, hemorrhoids and hydroceles in adults. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of mechanosclerotherapy of venous veins with a new device—Flebogrif®—based on an animal model. The experiment was performed on nine Polish Merino sheep weighing 40–50 kilograms. The animals were anesthetized intravenously. The material was divided into three groups: two experimental (1 and 2) and control (3) group. The first experimental group was treated with the use of Flebogrif® and a sclerosant simultaneously, while only Flebogrif® was used in the second experimental group. Flebogrif® was applied into the lateral saphenous vein of both pelvic limbs. The vessel wall thickness was estimated at four points of the histological image in mm (V1, V2, V3, V4). For one month, the animals were euthanized, and the occlusion rate of the treated veins and changes in the vein wall were determined. Histological slides were analyzed under a light microscope and histometry of the vein wall was performed. The Shapiro–Wilk test and the quantity of the investigated parameter groups allowed for using a non-parametric method at four points to compare thickness measurements (the Mann–Whitney test), with p 〈 0.05. The Mann–Whitney test indicated statistically significant differences between both experimental groups. The results obtained from morphometrical and histological analysis showed better results in the first experimental group than those of the second experimental group. Finally, statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the both the experimental group and control group in morphological analysis. The achieved results allowed us to conclude that the simultaneous use of Flebogrif® and a sclerosant yielded better results of vein lumen reduction than the use of Flebogrif® alone.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano11020544
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Methods of Definitive Correction of Mandibular Deformity in Hemimandibular Hyperplasia Based on Radiological, Anatomical, and Topographical Measurements—Proposition of Author’s Own Protocol
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 16 ( 2022-08-13), p. 10005-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 16 ( 2022-08-13), p. 10005-
    Abstract: In order to fully evaluate and establish the degree of bone overgrowth, various radiological studies are essential in the careful planning of the amount of surgical excision. In the presented paper, the authors use self-designed anatomo-topographical reference points for planning the surgeries. Routine panoramic radiographs and low-dose computed tomography based on anatomical landmarks help in measuring the proportions of mandibular bone overgrowth with the following preoperative anatomical landmarks: (Go-Go), (Go(Right)-Gn), (Go(Left)-Gn), and (Me–Gn). Measurements taken at selected points and landmarks (gonion-gnathion/gnathion-menton) are easy to conduct. In the authors’ proposal, the main key factor is total chin correction, which is necessary in cases of severe overgrowth; when F0 〉 C and Go-Gn 〉 , there is 〉 7 mm of vertical bone overgrowth, and the mandibular canal is positioned 〈 5 mm from the inferior mandibular border—MIB. Larger overgrowths ( 〉 7 mm) have a greater outcome on the final symmetry than smaller overgrowths. As no guidelines are known, the authors present their own proposal.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610005
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Retrospective Study on Silent Sinus Syndrome in Cone Beam-Computed Tomography Images—Author Classification Proposal
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2023-06-12), p. 7041-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2023-06-12), p. 7041-
    Abstract: Introduction. Facial asymmetry might have many etiological factors. Most known and recognized factors are related to hemimandibular hyperplasia, elongation, condyle-related pathologies hemifacial microsomia, laterogenia, and others. In some cases, however, facial asymmetry has a different origin within the maxillary sinus (MS) bones. This rare entity as a silent sinus syndrome (SSS) causes secondary midfacial and maxillary asymmetry because of the retraction of the sinus walls. The authors present their own proposal for SSS/CMA (chronic maxillary atelectasia) classification and possible maxillary sinus disease alterations related to the scope of changes in the maxillary sinus walls, asymmetry, opacification, and related features. Material and Methods. The study consisted of 131 CBCT images which were evaluated. The authors focus on fourteen retrospective cone beam-computed tomography studies (CBCT) performed to establish and evaluate sources of facial asymmetry. Results. Neither presented maxillary and facial asymmetry cases correspond to the typical SSS/CMA findings. Asymptomatic maxillary sinusitis co-existing in maxillary asymmetry cases in patients suffering from skeletal malocclusion remains atypical for SSS pure and in-pure cases. The osteomeatal complex (OMC) patency is more common for pure forms. Conclusions. Computed tomography quite easily can identify the source of the problems in the maxillary sinus and identify SSS. Coexistent chronic rhinosinusitis might correspond with another MS pathology, CMA—chronic maxillary atelectasia. The scope and the degree of MS cause midfacial asymmetry; however, the scope of sinus opacification, osteomeatal complex drainage, and occurrence of other symptoms might be more or less present. The OMC patency is more common for pure forms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app13127041
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Late Outcomes of Undiagnosed Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia and Reoccurrence of Mandibular Asymmetry
    MDPI AG ; 2024
    In:  Diagnostics Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2024-05-15), p. 1014-
    Details
    In: Diagnostics, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2024-05-15), p. 1014-
    Abstract: Unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) is a rare cause of asymmetrical mandibular overgrowth because of the presence of an atypical growth in the affected condyle. SPECT (single-photon emission computed tomography) can easily establish the presence of an atypical, prolonged growth exceeding far beyond normal condylar growth and activity. A CT, CBCT, or LDCT (computed tomography, cone-beam computed tomography, or low-dose computed tomography) can confirm the diagnosis by evaluating the scope of bone overgrowth, mandibular basis/ramus asymmetry, tendency to condylar head enlargement, changes in bone density, and occurrence of differences in condylar head shapes, size, and bone structure. In most cases, a condylectomy is the procedure of choice in growing cases of UCH to remove the pathological condyle and reduce asymmetry levels. Sometimes, the growth is very slow and progressive over time, causing slowly growing asymmetry with similar symptoms to any other mandibular asymmetry, and this causes some troublesome procedures in UCH diagnostics, resulting in patients being underdiagnosed; it can even lead to some relapses in mandibular asymmetry and skeletal malocclusion after previously performed orthodontic and surgical treatment of such discrepancies. When the source of asymmetry is not identified in time, possible inadequate treatment protocols can be used. If any relapse of facial and mandibular asymmetry re-occur, SPECT and CT evaluation are necessary to evaluate if condylar hyperplasia is present and to establish what kind of surgical intervention should be used in each case.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4418
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14101014
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662336-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Macroanatomical, Histological and Microtomographic Study of the Teeth of the Komodo Dragon (Varanus komodoensis)—Adaptation to Hunting
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Biology Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2023-02-03), p. 247-
    Details
    In: Biology, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2023-02-03), p. 247-
    Abstract: The present study aimed to characterize the macrostructure and microstructure of the mandibular teeth of the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) and the methods it uses to obtain food. Examinations were performed using a stereoscopic microscope, autofluorescence method, histological method and computed microtomography. A detailed macro- and micro-structural description of V. komodoensis mandibular teeth were made. The mandibular teeth are laterally flattened along their entire length and the dental crown is hooked caudally. The part of the nasal margin of the tooth crown is irregular, while the caudal margin of the tooth is characteristically serrated, except for the tooth base area. There are longitudinal grooves on the lingual and vestibular surfaces up to the lower third of the tooth height. The mandibular tooth is surrounded by a cuff made of the oral mucosa, containing the opening of the venom gland. In the histological structure of the tooth, the enamel covering the tooth crown and the dentin under the enamel are distinguished. The inside of the tooth, except its basal part, is filled with the tooth chamber, while the inside of the lower part of the tooth is filled with plicidentine, which corresponds to external furrows on the enamel. The plicidentine arrangement resembles a honeycomb. A small amount of dentine folds reach up to the tooth apex. Characteristic features of the structure of the mandibular teeth in V. komodoensis may indicate their significant role, in addition to the venom glands, in obtaining food in the natural environment of this species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-7737
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biology12020247
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661517-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Local Effects of a 1940 nm Thulium-Doped Fiber Laser and a 1470 nm Diode Laser on the Pulmonary Parenchyma: An Experimental Study in a Pig Model
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Materials Vol. 14, No. 18 ( 2021-09-21), p. 5457-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 18 ( 2021-09-21), p. 5457-
    Abstract: The lungs are a common site of metastases from malignant tumors. Their removal with a minimal but safe tissue margin is essential for the long-term survival of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a 1940 nm thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) and a 1470 nm diode laser (DL) in a pig model of lung surgery that involved the incision and excision of lung tissue. Histopathological analysis was performed on days 0 and 7 after surgery. Neither TDFL nor DL caused significant perioperative or postoperative bleeding. Histological analysis revealed the presence of carbonized necrotic tissue, mixed fibrin–cellular exudate in the superficial zone of thermal damage and bands of deeper thermal changes. The mean total width of thermal damage on day 0 was 499.46 ± 61.44 and 937.39 ± 109.65 µm for TDFL and DL, respectively. On day 7, cell activation and repair processes were visible. The total width of thermal damage was 2615.74 ± 487.17 µm for TDFL vs. 6500.34 ±1118.02 µm for DL. The superficial zone of thermal damage was narrower for TDFL on both days 0 and 7. The results confirm the effectiveness of both types of laser in cutting and providing hemostasis in the lungs. TDFL caused less thermal damage to the lung parenchyma than DL.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma14185457
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Addendum: Żywicka, B., et al. Comparison of a 1940 nm Thulium-Doped Fiber Laser and a 1470 nm Diode Laser for Cutting Efficacy and Hemostasis in a Pig Model of Spleen Surgery. Materials 2020, 13, 1167
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Materials Vol. 14, No. 4 ( 2021-02-18), p. 966-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 4 ( 2021-02-18), p. 966-
    Abstract: The authors would like to add the following sentence to the “Funding” section of their article [...]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma14040966
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assessment of Heat Hazard during the Polymerization of Selected Light-Sensitive Dental Materials
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-7
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Wiley, Vol. 2016 ( 2016), p. 1-7
    Abstract: Introduction. Polymerization of light-cured dental materials used for restoration of hard tooth tissue may lead to an increase in temperature that may have negative consequence for pulp vitality. Aim. The aim of this study was to determine maximum temperatures reached during the polymerization of selected dental materials, as well as the time that is needed for samples of sizes similar to those used in clinical practice to reach these temperatures. Materials and Methods. The study involved four composite restorative materials, one lining material and a dentine bonding agent. The polymerization was conducted with the use of a diode light-curing unit. The measurements of the external surface temperature of the samples were carried out using the Thermovision®550 thermal camera. Results. The examined materials significantly differed in terms of the maximum temperatures values they reached, as well as the time required for reaching the temperatures. A statistically significant positive correlation of the maximum temperature and the sample weight was observed. Conclusions. In clinical practice, it is crucial to bear in mind the risk of thermal damage involved in the application of light-cured materials. It can be reduced by using thin increments of composite materials.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2016/4158376
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2705584-X
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nanohydroxyapatite as a Biomaterial for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration after Mechanical Damage—In Vitro Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22, No. 9 ( 2021-04-24), p. 4454-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 22, No. 9 ( 2021-04-24), p. 4454-
    Abstract: Hydroxyapatite has been used in medicine for many years as a biomaterial or a cover for other biomaterials in orthopedics and dentistry. This study characterized the physicochemical properties (structure, particle size and morphology, surface properties) of Li+- and Li+/Eu3+-doped nanohydroxyapatite obtained using the wet chemistry method. The potential regenerative properties against neurite damage in cultures of neuron-like cells (SH-SY5Y and PC12 after differentiation) were also studied. The effect of nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) on the induction of repair processes in cell cultures was assessed in tests of metabolic activity, the level of free oxygen radicals and nitric oxide, and the average length of neurites. The study showed that nanohydroxyapatite influences the increase in mitochondrial activity, which is correlated with the increase in the length of neurites. It has been shown that the doping of nanohydroxyapatite with Eu3+ ions enhances the antioxidant properties of the tested nanohydroxyapatite. These basic studies indicate its potential application in the treatment of neurite damage. These studies should be continued in primary neuronal cultures and then with in vivo models.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094454
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia in Surgeons’ Perspective—A Narrative Review
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2023-01-31), p. 1839-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2023-01-31), p. 1839-
    Abstract: The following paper focuses on the topic of mandibular unilateral condyle hyperplasia (UCH). This form of mandibular asymmetry (MA) is one of the less common but still known pathologies that requires detailed surgical and orthodontic planning and treatment. Since this pathology is mostly related to a high number of individual dental, bone, and overgrowth factors, until now the treatment methods were individually driven. It seems that the scope of surgical intervention is greatly dependent on the degree of bone overgrowth and the occurrence of asymmetry. Many treatment modalities and possible surgical perspectives are known, yet, so far, no adequate detailed guidelines are known. This detailed review of this type of mandibular asymmetry will focus on diagnostics and treatment plans and outcomes. The following paper underlines the authors’ own clinical experiences in MA and UCH treatment, which are compared with the literature review. The authors intend to investigate what has changed in the treatment and diagnostics of one-sided mandibular condyle and bone overgrowth.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app13031839
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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