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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Presence of In-Plane Orientation in Single Azobenzene Monolayers by Maxwell-Displacement-Current Measurement
    IOP Publishing ; 1994
    In:  Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 33, No. 12R ( 1994-12-01), p. 6630-
    Details
    In: Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, IOP Publishing, Vol. 33, No. 12R ( 1994-12-01), p. 6630-
    Abstract: The presence of in-plane orientation of azobenzene molecules in single monolayers of polymer films was detected by means of Maxwell-displacement-current (MDC) measurement with linearly polarized photoirradiation. The magnitude of MDC generated by photoirradiation polarized in a direction parallel to the dipping direction of the azobenzene monolayer was greater than that generated by photoirradiation normal to the dipping direction. The in-plane orientational change in azobenzene molecules in single polymeric monolayers was produced as a result of alternating polarized photoirradiation of UV and visible light for a sufficiently long time, and it was also detected by means of MDC measurement.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-4922 , 1347-4065
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1143/JJAP.33.6630
    RVK:
    UA 4210.1
    RVK:
    UA 4210.2
    RVK:
    UA 4210
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 218223-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 797294-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006801-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 797295-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Glucagon Test Is a Useful Predictor of Withdrawal From Insulin Therapy in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Endocrinology Vol. 13 ( 2022-4-28)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-4-28)
    Abstract: There are many tests for evaluating endogenous insulin secretory capacity. However, there are only a limited number of studies that have examined in detail in clinical practice which method most accurately reflects the ability to secrete endogenous insulin especially in hyperglycemic state. The purpose of this study was to find the endogenous insulin secretory capacity and a possible predictor of insulin withdrawal in subjects with type 2 diabetes requiring hospitalization due to hyperglycemia. In the endogenous insulin secretory test during hospitalization, CPR, CPR index, and ΔCPR after glucagon loading were all significantly higher in the insulin withdrawal group. On the other hand, there were no difference in fasting CPR index, HOMA-β, SUIT, and 24-hour urinary CPR excretion between the two groups. In the glucagon test of the insulin withdrawal group, the cutoff value of ΔCPR was 1.0 ng/mL, the withdrawal rate of ΔCPR of 1.0 ng/mL or more was 69.2%, and the withdrawal rate of less than 1.0 ng/mL was 25.0%. In conclusion, it is likely that glucagon test is the most powerful tool for predicting the possibility of insulin withdrawal as well as for evaluating endogenous insulin secretory capacity in subjects with type 2 diabetes requiring hospitalization due to hyperglycemia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2392
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.871660
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2592084-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced hypothyroidism predicts treatment response in Japanese subjects
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Endocrinology Vol. 14 ( 2023-7-31)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 14 ( 2023-7-31)
    Abstract: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) cause a variety of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Among them, thyroid dysfunction is most frequently observed. Patients with irAEs have higher survival rates than those without irAEs, but there is no certainty as to whether the degree of thyroid dysfunction is associated with treatment response or survival with ICIs. Method This is a single-center, retrospective, observational study. The study included 466 patients who received ICI at Kawasaki Medical School Hospital from September 1, 2014, to May 31, 2022 and evaluated the degree of abnormal thyroid function and survival and remission rates after treatment with ICIs. Primary hypothyroidism of less than 10 μIU/mL TSH was classified as grade 1, and primary hypothyroidism requiring more than 10 μIU/mL TSH or levothyroxine as grade 2-4. Result The mean age of the study participants was 68.2 ± 10.3 years, and the percentage of male participants was 72.6%. The frequency of ICI-induced thyroid dysfunction in the study participants was 28.2%. TSH levels were significantly higher in Grade 1 and Grades 2-4 when treated with ICI compared to NTF (p & lt;0.0001). The survival rate at 1 year after ICI administration was significantly higher with 64.9% for grade 1 and 88.9% for grades 2-4 compared to 52.1% for NTF (p & lt;0.0001). Cancer stage at the time of ICI administration did not differ among the groups (p=0.68). Nevertheless, the remission rate assessed by RECIST criteria was significantly higher in grades 2-4 compared to NTF (p & lt;0.0001). Conclusion ICI-induced thyroid dysfunction was significantly correlated with survival, mean observation time, and treatment remission rate. It is important to monitor thyroid hormone levels regularly in patients receiving ICIs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2392
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1221723
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2592084-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association between changes in pancreatic morphology and vascular complications in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2022-10-13)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2022-10-13)
    Abstract: Decreased pancreatic volume, increased pancreatic fat mass, and serrated pancreatic margins are characteristic morphological changes of the pancreas in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This retrospective study aimed to clarify the clinical significance of pancreatic morphological changes in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who underwent abdominal magnetic resonance imaging. The mean age and HbA1c value were 59.1 ± 16.3 years old and 8.9 ± 2.3%, respectively. Pancreatic body mass corrected for body surface area (BSA) in subjects with diabetes mellitus was lower compared to those in normal glucose tolerance (49.4 ± 15.3 cm 3 vs. 60.9 ± 7.8 cm 3 ), although it did not reach a statistic significance. There was a negative correlation between BSA-corrected pancreatic volume and age, duration of diabetes, glycoalbumin, mean and max IMT, and there was a positive correlation between BSA-corrected pancreatic volume and HOMA2-β. Serration of the pancreatic limbus was more often observed in subjects with diabetes mellitus compared to those in normal glucose tolerance (74.1% vs. 14.3%). Subjects with serrated changes were older and had higher HbA1c, and visceral fat area was significantly larger in subjects with serrated changes. BSA-corrected pancreatic volume in subjects with serrated changes was significantly smaller, and mean IMT was significantly thicker in subjects with serrulation. Furthermore, advanced diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy were more often observed in subjects with serrated changes. Taken together, decreased BSA-corrected pancreatic volume and serrated changes were associated with the progression of vascular complications in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21688-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of Nutritional Guidance/Consulting on Glycemic Control during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Japanese Society of Internal Medicine ; 2023
    In:  Internal Medicine Vol. 62, No. 6 ( 2023-3-15), p. 833-838
    Details
    In: Internal Medicine, Japanese Society of Internal Medicine, Vol. 62, No. 6 ( 2023-3-15), p. 833-838
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0918-2918 , 1349-7235
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1055-22
    RVK:
    XA 49642
    Language: English
    Publisher: Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2202453-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of Hyperglycemia-Related Acute Metabolic Disturbance on Thyroid Function Parameters in Adults
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Endocrinology Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-12)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-5-12)
    Abstract: Non-thyroidal illness (NTI) is a condition in which the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system and thyroid hormone metabolism are abnormal due to non-thyroidal diseases. Although NTI has been reported to occur in hyperglycemic emergencies in children, there have been few studies in adult cases. In this study, we examined adult patients with hyperglycemia regarding the frequency of NTI and its triggers. Adult diabetic patients who were hospitalized for diabetic ketosis (DK), diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), or hyperglycemic hyperosmolarity syndrome (HHS) were included in the study. Compared with the DK group, the DKA and HHS groups had higher admission blood glucose, Anion Gap, serum osmolality, creatinine, and urea nitrogen, and lower pH and eGFR. The frequency of NTI in the DKA, HHS, and DK groups was 80%, 70%, and 50%, respectively, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine 3 (FT3) were significantly improved after treatment for hyperglycemia. Multiple regression analysis showed a significant correlation between the decrease in FT3 level and 3-hydroxybutyrate and albumin. Acute metabolic failure associated with hyperglycemia tends to be associated with a high rate of NTI and low FT3 levels at the start of treatment. The data in this study clearly shows that transient NTI is frequently observed in subjects with acute metabolic disorders such as DKA, HHS and DK. In addition, we should bear in mind that thyroid hormone replacement therapy is not necessary in subjects with NTI due to DKA, HHS and DK, especially when overt symptoms of hypothyroidism are not observed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2392
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.869869
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2592084-4
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Incidence of endocrine-related immune-related adverse events in Japanese subjects with various types of cancer
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Endocrinology Vol. 14 ( 2023-1-23)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 14 ( 2023-1-23)
    Abstract: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors, and programmed cell death protein 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors, are often used to treat a variety of malignancies. ICIs are known to cause endocrine-related immune-related adverse events (irAEs), but the incidence varies among reports and/or agents. This study evaluated the incidence of endocrine-related irAEs in patients who were treated with ICIs in Japan. Method This single-center, retrospective, observational study examined the incidence and clinical characteristics of endocrine-related irAEs in 466 participants who were treated with ICIs at Kawasaki Medical School Hospital. Result The mean age of participants with and without endocrine-related irAEs was 69.1 ± 1.8 years and 68.1 ± 1.1 years, respectively, with no difference between them. The overall incidence of any endocrine-related irAEs among the participants was 25.5%. Hypothyroidism was prevalent in 24.3%, hypoadrenocorticism in 3.2%, hypopituitarism in 0.9%, and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in 1.1%. Participants receiving combination therapy with CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors had a significantly higher incidence of endocrine-related irAEs than those receiving monotherapy. Conclusion Endocrine-related irAEs correlated significantly with survival and mean observation period. There was substantial difference in the incidence of endocrine-related irAEs among various types of ICIs and types of cancer. We should bear in mind that endocrine testing is necessary during the treatment with ICIs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2392
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1079074
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2592084-4
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    1604-P: DPP-4 Inhibitor and SGLT2 Inhibitor Additively Ameliorate Hepatic Steatosis in NAFLD Model Mice through Different Action Mechanisms
    American Diabetes Association ; 2023
    In:  Diabetes Vol. 72, No. Supplement_1 ( 2023-06-20)
    Details
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 72, No. Supplement_1 ( 2023-06-20)
    Abstract: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with the development and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Luseogliflozin (Luseo) has been reported to improve NAFLD in T2DM model mice by affecting factors related to fatty acid synthesis and beta oxidation. Anagliptin (Ana) improves NAFLD in mice by altering the M1/M2 macrophage ratio. The aim of this study is to assess the molecular mechanisms of DPP4 and SGLT2 inhibitors, which are often used in combination clinically, on NAFLD. Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD) to create a diet-induced NAFLD model, and at 14 weeks of age, the mice were divided into 4 groups: control, Luseo (15 mg/kg/day: mixed diet), Ana (300 mg/kg/day: mixed water), and combination group. After the 4 weeks intervention, various metabolic parameters were evaluated. In addition, the expression of mRNAs was analyzed by qPCR. Luseo and combination groups showed a significant reduction in body weight. HE and Oil-Red-O staining demonstrated an improvement of hepatocyte ballooning and decreased fat staining area in the combination compared to the control. Liver qPCR showed that the expression levels of genes related to lipid synthesis and glycogenesis such as SCD1 and PEPCK in Luseo were decreased and inflammatory response such as IL6 were decreased in Ana. The expression levels of chemokine-related genes including CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5 were also decreased in Ana. Those findings observed in Luseo and Ana groups were also confirmed in the combination. In summary, Luseo improved lipid synthesis and glycogenesis in addition to body weight reduction, and reduced inflammation-related factors, while Ana suppressed inflammatory cytokines and chemokine-related pathways. Combination of two drugs markedly ameliorated hepatocyte fat deposition. Thus, it is likely that both DPP-4 inhibitor and SGLT2 inhibitor contributed to the improvement of NAFLD through different action mechanisms. Disclosure Y. Iwamoto: Speaker's Bureau; Kowa Company, Ltd. T. Kimura: Speaker's Bureau; Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho, Kowa Research Institute, Inc., Taisho Pharmaceutical Holdings Co., Ltd., Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Inc., Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Sanofi, MSD Life Science Foundation, Lilly, Daiichi Sankyo, Novo Nordisk. H. Iwamoto: None. Y. Fushimi: None. J. Sanada: Speaker's Bureau; Lilly, Kowa Company, Ltd. Y. Katakura: Speaker's Bureau; Abbott. M. Shimoda: Speaker's Bureau; Sanofi, Lilly, AstraZeneca, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kowa Company, Ltd., Novo Nordisk, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Taisho Pharmaceutical Holdings Co., Ltd., MSD Life Science Foundation, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation. T. Mune: None. K. Kaku: Speaker's Bureau; Astellas Pharma Inc., Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Inc., Kowa Company, Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation. Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk. Consultant; Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho. Speaker's Bureau; Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. H. Kaneto: Research Support; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Inc. Speaker's Bureau; Lilly, Sanofi, Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Inc., Novo Nordisk, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd. Research Support; Abbott.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/db23-1604-P
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501252-9
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Usefulness of cortisol/ACTH ratio (CAR) for diagnosis of cushing's syndrome: comparison of CAR with findings in dexamethasone suppression test
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2022-10-21)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2022-10-21)
    Abstract: Cushing's syndrome and subclinical Cushing's syndrome (SCS) are conditions of increased cortisol secretion from the adrenal glands. Cushing's syndrome includes adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent Cushing's syndrome (Cushing's disease) and ACTH-independent Cushing's syndrome (AICS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic potential of the cortisol / adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) ratio (CAR) for diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome or SCS in adult subjects. This was a single-center, retrospective, observational study. This study enrolled 44 subjects with SCS, 14 AICS, 10 CD, and 248 non-Cushing's syndrome subjects who had undergone a 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test (1 mg DST). Definition of SCS was as follows: no physical signs characteristic of Cushing syndrome and cortisol was ≥ 83 nmol/L in 1 mg DST. The diagnostic potential of CAR for diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome was evaluated by comparing the correlation between CAR and after-load cortisol level in 1 mg DST. As the results, there was a strong positive correlation between CAR and after-load cortisol level in subjects with AICS ( r  = 0.800, p   〈  0.005). CAR was 10,040 ± 4170 nmol/pmol in subjects with NCS, 17,535 ± 10,246 nmol/pmol in SCS, 101,221 ± 18,009 nmol/pmol in AICS, and 4324 ± 2051 nmol/pmol in CD, all of which were significantly higher compared to those with AICS ( p   〈  0.0005). The cutoff values of CAR for screening at our institution were 11,849.6 nmol/pmol for AICS (AUC 0.935, p   〈  0.005, sensitivity 92.3%, specificity 83.5%) and 7006.1 nmol/pmol for CD (AUC 0.714, p   〈  0.05, sensitivity 100.0%, specificity 46.8%). There was a positive correlation between CAR and adrenal adenoma diameter in subjects with AICS ( r  = 0.508, p   〈  0.05), but there was no correlation between tumor diameter and CAR in subjects with SCS and CD. In conclusion, high CAR indicates increased cortisol secretion from the adrenal glands. Since CAR is a simple indicator that can be easily evaluated by general practitioners as well as endocrinologists, we think CAR would be useful for the early detection of Cushing's syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22676-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Simple standing test without furosemide is useful in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2023-08-17)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2023-08-17)
    Abstract: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a well-known cause of secondary hypertension. We have long performed the simple standing test in patients with PA. On the other hand, there are few reports on the usefulness of the simple standing test in PA. This study is a single-center, retrospective, observational study. A total of 173 patients with hypertension or adrenal tumor admitted to Kawasaki Medical School were included. Eighty patients who met the exclusion criteria were excluded, and 31 patients without PA (non-PA), 26 patients with unilateral PA, and 36 patients with bilateral PA were included in the study. The simple standing test was performed after 120 min of standing or sitting followed, and the aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR) and percentage of increase plasma aldosterone concentration (%increase of PAC) was calculated. The mean ARR in the simple standing test in unilateral PA (1143 (528–2200)) and bilateral PA subjects (521 (374–765)) were significantly higher compared to non-PA subjects (152 (102–240)) ( p   〈  0.0001, p  = 0.0013, respectively). The percentage increase of PAC after standing loading was significantly lower in unilateral PA subjects (110 (96–140)) compared to non-PA subjects (187 (155–244)) ( p  = 0.0003), with no difference between non-PA and bilateral PA subjects ( p  = 0.99). The cutoff value of the ARR in the simple standing test for diagnosis of PA in this study was 364 (AUC = 0.948, sensitivity = 83.8%, specificity = 93.5%, false positive rate = 3.7%, false negative rate = 25.6%, p   〈  0.001), which was not inferior to the diagnostic performance of the captopril loading test. The diagnostic performance of the simple standing test for PA was not inferior to that of the captopril loading test. The percentage increase of PAC in unilateral PA subjects was significantly lower compared to bilateral PA subjects. These results demonstrate the usefulness of the simple standing test, which can be performed simultaneously with general screening tests of PA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40574-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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