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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Contrasting patterns of leaf trait variation among and within species during tropical dry forest succession in Costa Rica
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2018
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2018-01-10)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2018-01-10)
    Abstract: A coordinated response to environmental drivers amongst individual functional traits is central to the plant strategy concept. However, whether the trait co-ordination observed at the global scale occurs at other ecological scales (especially within species) remains an open question. Here, for sapling communities of two tropical dry forest types in Costa Rica, we show large differences amongst traits in the relative contribution of species turnover and intraspecific variation to their directional changes in response to environmental changes along a successional gradient. We studied the response of functional traits associated with the leaf economics spectrum and drought tolerance using intensive sampling to analyse inter- and intra-specific responses to environmental changes and ontogeny. Although the overall functional composition of the sapling communities changed during succession more through species turnover than through intraspecific trait variation, their relative contributions differed greatly amongst traits. For instance, community mean specific leaf area changed mostly due to intraspecific variation. Traits of the leaf economics spectrum showed decoupled responses to environmental drivers and ontogeny. These findings emphasise how divergent ecological mechanisms combine to cause great differences in changes of individual functional traits over environmental gradients and ecological scales.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18525-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Organismal responses to habitat change: herbivore performance, climate and leaf traits in regenerating tropical dry forests
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Animal Ecology Vol. 86, No. 3 ( 2017-05), p. 590-604
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 86, No. 3 ( 2017-05), p. 590-604
    Abstract: The ecological effects of large‐scale climate change have received much attention, but the effects of the more acute form of climate change that results from local habitat alteration have been less explored. When forest is fragmented, cut, thinned, cleared or otherwise altered in structure, local climates and microclimates change. Such changes can affect herbivores both directly (e.g. through changes in body temperature) and indirectly (e.g. through changes in host plant traits). We advance an eco‐physiological framework to understand the effects of changing forests on herbivorous insects. We hypothesize that if tropical forest caterpillars are climate and resource specialists, then they should have reduced performance outside of mature forest conditions. We tested this hypothesis with a field experiment contrasting the performance of R othschildia lebeau ( S aturniidae) caterpillars feeding on the host plant C asearia nitida ( S alicaceae) in two different aged and structured tropical dry forests in Area de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Compared to more mature closed‐canopy forest, in younger secondary forest we found that: (1) ambient conditions were hotter, drier and more variable; (2) caterpillar growth and development were reduced; and (3) leaves were tougher, thicker and drier. Furthermore, caterpillar growth and survival were negatively correlated with these leaf traits, suggesting indirect host‐mediated effects of climate on herbivores. Based on the available evidence, and relative to mature forest, we conclude that reduced herbivore performance in young secondary forest could have been driven by changes in climate, leaf traits (which were likely climate induced) or both. However, additional studies will be needed to provide more direct evidence of cause‐and‐effect and to disentangle the relative influence of these factors on herbivore performance in this system.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8790 , 1365-2656
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jane.2017.86.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12647
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006616-8
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tree height–diameter allometry across the United States
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  Ecology and Evolution Vol. 5, No. 6 ( 2015-03), p. 1193-1204
    Details
    In: Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 6 ( 2015-03), p. 1193-1204
    Abstract: The relationship between tree height and diameter is fundamental in determining community and ecosystem structure as well as estimates of biomass and carbon storage. Yet our understanding of how tree allometry relates to climate and whole organismal function is limited. We used the Forest Inventory and Analysis National Program database to determine height–diameter allometries of 2,976,937 individuals of 293 tree species across the United States. The shape of the allometric relationship was determined by comparing linear and nonlinear functional forms. Mixed‐effects models were used to test for allometric differences due to climate and floristic (between angiosperms and gymnosperms) and functional groups (leaf habit and shade tolerance). Tree allometry significantly differed across the United States largely because of climate. Temperature, and to some extent precipitation, in part explained tree allometric variation. The magnitude of allometric variation due to climate, however, had a phylogenetic signal. Specifically, angiosperm allometry was more sensitive to differences in temperature compared to gymnosperms. Most notably, angiosperm height was more negatively influenced by increasing temperature variability, whereas gymnosperm height was negatively influenced by decreasing precipitation and increasing altitude. There was little evidence to suggest that shade tolerance influenced tree allometry except for very shade‐intolerant trees which were taller for any given diameter. Tree allometry is plastic rather than fixed and scaling parameters vary around predicted central tendencies. This allometric variation provides insight into life‐history strategies, phylogenetic history, and environmental limitations at biogeographical scales.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-7758 , 2045-7758
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2015.5.issue-6
    DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1328
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2635675-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_3.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Conservation Science Vol. 3 ( 2022-5-10)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Conservation Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 3 ( 2022-5-10)
    Abstract: Plants are particularly vulnerable to physical disturbance in low productivity areas, due to the high energetic cost of replacing lost tissue. In the eastern United States, serpentine savannahs are fragmented ecosystems with high concentrations of rare endemic plant species, low concentrations of soil nutrients, and severe deer overpopulation. This study assessed the recovery of flowering plants in a serpentine savannah when deer were excluded. Plant count, flower count, vegetative area, and plant height of 10 serpentine plant species were compared inside and outside of deer exclusion structures throughout an entire growing season. Throughout the growing season and across the plant community, deer exclusion consistently increased values for all plant response traits measured. Species that responded most strongly to deer exclusion included Arabis lyrata (Brassicaceae, the wide ranging lyre-leaf rockcress) and the serpentine near-endemic Symphyotrichum depauperatum (a serpentine aster known only in the eastern US). The slender knotweed, Polygonum tenue performed worse in excluded areas, which may indicate exclusion by more competitive species, or, alternatively, local scarcity. Overall, species richness did not increase in excluded plots, which may indicate that years of deer overbrowsing have depleted the local seed banks. While longer term studies might reveal different results, this study showed significant differences in vegetation response traits between excluded and unexcluded areas in just one year. We recommend that further restoration efforts should include reintroductions of locally extirpated species, in combination with deer exclusion to allow rare serpentine plant communities and their seedbanks to recover from intense overbrowsing pressure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-611X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.874304
    DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.874304.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.874304.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.874304.s003
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3060831-4
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Will seasonally dry tropical forests be sensitive or resistant to future changes in rainfall regimes?
    IOP Publishing ; 2017
    In:  Environmental Research Letters Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2017-02-01), p. 023001-
    Details
    In: Environmental Research Letters, IOP Publishing, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2017-02-01), p. 023001-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1748-9326
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aa5968
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2255379-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Characterizing tree trait variance over spatiotemporal scales
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Ecology Vol. 104, No. 8 ( 2023-08)
    Details
    In: Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 104, No. 8 ( 2023-08)
    Abstract: Beyond the study of the mean, functional ecology lacks a concise characterization of trait variance patterns across spatiotemporal scales. Traits are measured in different ways, using different metrics, and at different spatial (and rarely temporal) scales. This study expands on previous research by applying a ubiquitous and widely used empirical model—Taylor's Power Law—to functional trait variance with the goal of identifying general patterns of trait variance scaling (the behavior of trait variance across scales). We compiled data on tree seedling communities monitored over 10 years across 213 2 m 2 plots and functional trait data from a subtropical forest in Puerto Rico. We examined trait‐based Taylor's Power Law at nested spatial and temporal scales. The scaling of variance with the mean was idiosyncratic across traits suggesting that the drivers of variation are likely to differ across traits that may make variance scaling theory elusive. However, slopes varied more in space than through time, suggesting that spatial environmental variability may have a larger role in driving trait variance than temporal variability. Empirical models that characterize taxonomic patterns across spatiotemporal scales, like Taylor's Power Law, can provide an insight into the scaling of functional traits, a necessary next step toward a more predictive trait‐based ecology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-9658 , 1939-9170
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ecy.v104.8
    DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4126
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1797-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010140-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Viva la variance! A reply to Nakagawa & Schielzeth
    Elsevier BV ; 2012
    In:  Trends in Ecology & Evolution Vol. 27, No. 9 ( 2012-9), p. 475-476
    Details
    In: Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Elsevier BV, Vol. 27, No. 9 ( 2012-9), p. 475-476
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0169-5347
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2012.06.004
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498910-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Using digitized museum collections to understand the effects of habitat on wing coloration in the Puerto Rican monarch
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Biotropica Vol. 51, No. 4 ( 2019-07), p. 477-483
    Details
    In: Biotropica, Wiley, Vol. 51, No. 4 ( 2019-07), p. 477-483
    Abstract: Dado el reciente énfasis en la relación entre el color de las alas de los lepidópteros y la temperatura, estudiamos los factores que influyen en la coloración mediante el uso de imágenes para entender su variación en tiempo y espacio. En este estudio de caso cuantificamos la variación del color de las alas de la monarca puertorriqueña no migratoria. En contraste con los hallazgos recientes, reportamos individuos más oscuros en hábitats costeros, reiterando la necesidad de incluir otros factores. Detallamos cómo iniciativas internacionales de digitalización pueden resolver esta contradicción mediante el establecimiento de estándares y protocolos para el análisis de imágenes de alto rendimiento.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-3606 , 1744-7429
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/btp.2019.51.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/btp.12680
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052061-X
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Tropical forest composition and function across space and time: Insights from diverse gradients in Área de Conservación Guanacaste
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Biotropica Vol. 52, No. 6 ( 2020-11), p. 1065-1075
    Details
    In: Biotropica, Wiley, Vol. 52, No. 6 ( 2020-11), p. 1065-1075
    Abstract: Los gradientes ambientales han desempeñado un papel fundamental en la historia y el desarrollo de la ecología vegetal y son útiles para probar las teorías ecológicas y evolutivas. Área de Conservación Guanacaste es un mosaico espacio‐temporal de bosques que han evolucionado continuamente a través de la elevación, la topografía, los tipos de suelo, la sucesión y el cambio climático anual e interanual. Los estudios de ecología de plantas en diversos gradientes del ACG han dado forma a la ecología funcional, las teorías de sucesión, el ensamblaje de la comunidad y las interacciones entre plantas y herbívoros, entre muchos otros campos. En esta revisión sintetizamos el papel que los estudios ecológicos de las plantas del ACG han tenido en nuestro entendimiento de la dinámica de los bosques tropicales y describimos los procesos actuales que tendrán un impacto importante en las dinámicas de los bosques del ACG en el futuro. También destacamos cómo el ACG seguirá influyendo las prioridades futuras de investigación en ecología vegetal.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-3606 , 1744-7429
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/btp.v52.6
    DOI: 10.1111/btp.12689
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052061-X
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Climate shapes and shifts functional biodiversity in forests worldwide
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2019
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 116, No. 2 ( 2019-01-08), p. 587-592
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, No. 2 ( 2019-01-08), p. 587-592
    Abstract: Much ecological research aims to explain how climate impacts biodiversity and ecosystem-level processes through functional traits that link environment with individual performance. However, the specific climatic drivers of functional diversity across space and time remain unclear due largely to limitations in the availability of paired trait and climate data. We compile and analyze a global forest dataset using a method based on abundance-weighted trait moments to assess how climate influences the shapes of whole-community trait distributions. Our approach combines abundance-weighted metrics with diverse climate factors to produce a comprehensive catalog of trait–climate relationships that differ dramatically—27% of significant results change in sign and 71% disagree on sign, significance, or both—from traditional species-weighted methods. We find that ( i ) functional diversity generally declines with increasing latitude and elevation, ( ii ) temperature variability and vapor pressure are the strongest drivers of geographic shifts in functional composition and ecological strategies, and ( iii ) functional composition may currently be shifting over time due to rapid climate warming. Our analysis demonstrates that climate strongly governs functional diversity and provides essential information needed to predict how biodiversity and ecosystem function will respond to climate change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1813723116
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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