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  • 1
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    PM2.5 chemistry, organosulfates, and secondary organic aerosol during the 2017 Lake Michigan Ozone Study
    Elsevier BV ; 2021
    In:  Atmospheric Environment Vol. 244 ( 2021-01), p. 117939-
    Details
    In: Atmospheric Environment, Elsevier BV, Vol. 244 ( 2021-01), p. 117939-
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1352-2310
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117939
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Elsevier BV
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 216368-8
    ZDB Id: 1499889-0
    SSG: 14
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  • 2
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    Overview of the Lake Michigan Ozone Study 2017
    American Meteorological Society ; 2021
    In:  Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Vol. 102, No. 12 ( 2021-12), p. E2207-E2225
    Details
    In: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 102, No. 12 ( 2021-12), p. E2207-E2225
    Kurzfassung: The Lake Michigan Ozone Study 2017 (LMOS 2017) was a collaborative multiagency field study targeting ozone chemistry, meteorology, and air quality observations in the southern Lake Michigan area. The primary objective of LMOS 2017 was to provide measurements to improve air quality modeling of the complex meteorological and chemical environment in the region. LMOS 2017 science questions included spatiotemporal assessment of nitrogen oxides (NO x = NO + NO 2 ) and volatile organic compounds (VOC) emission sources and their influence on ozone episodes; the role of lake breezes; contribution of new remote sensing tools such as GeoTASO, Pandora, and TEMPO to air quality management; and evaluation of photochemical grid models. The observing strategy included GeoTASO on board the NASA UC-12 aircraft capturing NO 2 and formaldehyde columns, an in situ profiling aircraft, two ground-based coastal enhanced monitoring locations, continuous NO 2 columns from coastal Pandora instruments, and an instrumented research vessel. Local photochemical ozone production was observed on 2 June, 9–12 June, and 14–16 June, providing insights on the processes relevant to state and federal air quality management. The LMOS 2017 aircraft mapped significant spatial and temporal variation of NO 2 emissions as well as polluted layers with rapid ozone formation occurring in a shallow layer near the Lake Michigan surface. Meteorological characteristics of the lake breeze were observed in detail and measurements of ozone, NO x , nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, VOC, oxygenated VOC (OVOC), and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) composition were conducted. This article summarizes the study design, directs readers to the campaign data repository, and presents a summary of findings.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0003-0007 , 1520-0477
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0061.1
    Sprache: Unbekannt
    Verlag: American Meteorological Society
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 2029396-3
    ZDB Id: 419957-1
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  • 3
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    Sensitivity of Ozone Production to NO x and VOC Along the Lake Michigan Coastline
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 124, No. 20 ( 2019-10-27), p. 10989-11006
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 124, No. 20 ( 2019-10-27), p. 10989-11006
    Kurzfassung: Direct observations of H 2 O 2 /HNO 3 at an urban plume endpoint can be used to assess the integrated O 3 sensitivity to NO x and VOC emissions Indicators of O 3 sensitivity show that the urban plume traveling over Lake Michigan evolves from VOC towards NO x ‐sensitive O 3 production O 3 , H 2 O 2 , HNO 3 , and NO 3 − provide unique constraints to predict the response of O 3 to changes in VOC and NO x emissions in coastal regions
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2169-897X , 2169-8996
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2019JD030842
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    ZDB Id: 710256-2
    ZDB Id: 2016800-7
    ZDB Id: 2969341-X
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 4
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    Organosulfates in Atlanta, Georgia: anthropogenic influences on biogenic secondary organic aerosol formation
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2019
    In:  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol. 19, No. 5 ( 2019-03-12), p. 3191-3206
    Details
    In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 19, No. 5 ( 2019-03-12), p. 3191-3206
    Kurzfassung: Abstract. Organosulfates are secondary organic aerosol (SOA) products that form from reactions of volatile organic compounds (VOC), such as isoprene, in the presence of sulfate that is primarily emitted by fossil fuel combustion. This study examines the anthropogenic influence on biogenic organosulfate formation at an urban site in Atlanta, Georgia (GA) in the southeastern United States (US). Organosulfates were analyzed in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected during August 2015 in Atlanta using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), and high-resolution time-of-flight (ToF) mass spectrometry. By their MS/MS response, 32 major organosulfate species were identified, selected species were quantified, and other species were semi-quantified using surrogate standards. Organosulfates accounted for 16.5 % of PM2.5 organic carbon (OC). Isoprene-derived organosulfates were the most abundant, dominated by methyltetrol sulfate which accounted for 12.6 % of PM2.5 OC. Together, the isoprene-derived organosulfates accounted for the majority of the isoprene-derived SOA that had been previously observed in Atlanta, but had not been identified at the molecular level. Other major species included seven monoterpene-derived organosulfates, five diesel and/or biodiesel-derived organosulfates, and three new organosulfates that are also expected to derive from isoprene. Organosulfate species and concentrations in Atlanta were compared to those in a rural forested site in Centreville, Alabama (AL) during summer 2013, which were also dominated by isoprene-derived organosulfates. In Atlanta, isoprene-derived organosulfate concentrations were 2–6 times higher and accounted for twice as much OC. The greatest enhancement in concentration was observed for 2-methylglyceric acid sulfate whose formation is enhanced in the presence of nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2; NOx) and is a tracer for isoprene high-NOx SOA. The isoprene-derived organosulfates indicated a stronger influence of NOx in Atlanta compared to Centreville. Overall, these results suggest that SOA in the southeastern US can be reduced by controlling NOx and SO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion. This study gives insights into the major organosulfate species that should be targets for future measurements in urban environments and standard development.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1680-7324
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-3191-2019
    DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-3191-2019-supplement
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Copernicus GmbH
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    ZDB Id: 2092549-9
    ZDB Id: 2069847-1
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  • 5
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    Comparative Analysis of Traditional and Advanced Clustering Techniques in Bioaerosol Data: Evaluating the Efficacy of K-Means, HCA, and GenieClust with and without Autoencoder Integration
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Atmosphere Vol. 14, No. 9 ( 2023-09-08), p. 1416-
    Details
    In: Atmosphere, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 9 ( 2023-09-08), p. 1416-
    Kurzfassung: In a comparative study contrasting new and traditional clustering techniques, the capabilities of K-means, the hierarchal clustering algorithm (HCA), and GenieClust were examined. Both K-means and HCA demonstrated strong consistency in cluster profiles and sizes, emphasizing their effectiveness in differentiating particle types and confirming that the fundamental patterns within the data were captured reliably. An added dimension to the study was the integration of an autoencoder (AE). When coupled with K-means, the AE enhanced outlier detection, particularly in identifying compositional loadings of each cluster. Conversely, whilst the AE’s application to all methods revealed a potential for noise reduction by removing infrequent, larger particles, in the case of HCA, this information distortion during the encoding process may have affected the clustering outcomes by reducing the number of observably distinct clusters. The findings from this study indicate that GenieClust, when applied both with and without an AE, was effective in delineating a notable number of distinct clusters. Furthermore, each cluster’s compositional loadings exhibited greater internal variability, distinguishing up to 3× more particle types per cluster compared to traditional means, and thus underscoring the algorithms’ ability to differentiate subtle data patterns. The work here postulates that the application of GenieClust both with and without an AE may provide important information through initial outlier detection and enriched speciation with an AE applied, evidenced by a greater number of distinct clusters within the main body of the data.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2073-4433
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/atmos14091416
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 2605928-9
    SSG: 23
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  • 6
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    Characterization of Atmospheric Pollen Fragments during Springtime Thunderstorms
    American Chemical Society (ACS) ; 2020
    In:  Environmental Science & Technology Letters Vol. 7, No. 6 ( 2020-06-09), p. 409-414
    Details
    In: Environmental Science & Technology Letters, American Chemical Society (ACS), Vol. 7, No. 6 ( 2020-06-09), p. 409-414
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2328-8930 , 2328-8930
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00213
    DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00213.s001
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2020
    ZDB Id: 2745499-X
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  • 7
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    Organosulfates in the Midwestern United States: abundance, composition and stability
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2019
    In:  Environmental Chemistry Vol. 16, No. 5 ( 2019), p. 312-
    Details
    In: Environmental Chemistry, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 16, No. 5 ( 2019), p. 312-
    Kurzfassung: Environmental contextOrganosulfates in the atmosphere are an indicator that particulate matter has formed from gases in the presence of anthropogenic pollution. By characterising organosulfates in atmospheric fine particulate matter from the Midwestern USA, we found that organosulfates account for a significant fraction of organic carbon and that they are associated with both plant-derived and anthropogenic gases. Our results demonstrate that anthropogenic pollution significantly influences atmospheric particle concentrations and composition. AbstractOrganosulfates are components of secondary organic aerosol resulting from the oxidation of volatile organic compounds in the presence of acidic sulfate. This study characterises organosulfates in the Midwestern United States for the first time. In fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected in Iowa City, IA, in September 2017, organosulfates were analysed using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution and tandem mass spectrometry (MS) to identify and quantify (or semi-quantify) major species. Among the 22 identified species, methyltetrol sulfate (m/z 215; C5H11SO7−) had the largest contribution to the bisulfate (m/z 97) product ion, as determined by precursor-ion MS/MS (59.5% of signal), followed by ten other isoprene-derived organosulfates (15.2%), seven monoterpene-derived organosulfates (5.6%), three anthropogenic organosulfates (4.3%) and one species of unknown origin (0.6%). Among the quantified species were hydroxyacetone sulfate (4.8±1.1ngm−3), glycolic acid sulfate (21.0±1.5ngm−3), 2-methylgyceric acid sulfate (15.1±0.8ngm−3), C5H7SO7− (m/z 211; 17.9±0.9ngm−3), C5H9SO7− (m/z 213; 16.0±1.0ngm−3), and methyltetrol sulfate (214±8ngm−3); together, these species accounted for 4.4% of organic carbon. To further validate the measurement of organic species in PM using filter samples, the stability of organosulfates on filters frozen at −20°C was evaluated over the course of 1 year. The stored samples revealed no degradation of organosulfates, indicating their stability on filters stored frozen for extended periods of time. This study provides new insight into the abundance and identity of organosulfates in the Midwestern US and demonstrates that isoprene-derived organosulfates, in particular, are a significant contributor to PM2.5 organic carbon.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1448-2517
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/EN18260
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: CSIRO Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    ZDB Id: 2150372-2
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  • 8
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    Airborne sub-pollen particles from rupturing giant ragweed pollen
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Aerobiologia Vol. 37, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 625-632
    Details
    In: Aerobiologia, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 37, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 625-632
    Kurzfassung: Ragweed pollen is a prevalent allergen in late summer and autumn, worsening seasonal allergic rhinitis and asthma symptoms. In the atmosphere, pollen can osmotically rupture to produce sub-pollen particles (SPP). Because of their smaller size, SPP can penetrate deeper into the respiratory tract than intact pollen grains and may trigger severe cases of asthma. Here we characterize airborne SPP forming from rupturing giant ragweed ( Ambrosia trifida ) pollen for the first time, using scanning electron microscopy and single-particle fluorescence spectroscopy. SPP ranged in diameter from 20 nm to 6.5 μm. Most SPP are capable of penetrating into the lower respiratory tract, with 82% of SPP  〈  1.0 μm, and are potential cloud condensation nuclei, with 50% of SPP  〈  0.20 μm. To support predictions of the health and environmental effects of SPP, we have developed a quantitative method to estimate the number of SPP generated per pollen grain ( $${n}_{\mathrm{f}}$$ n f ) based upon the principle of mass conservation. We estimate that one giant ragweed pollen grain generates 1400 SPP across the observed size range. The new measurements and method presented herein support more accurate predictions of SPP occurrence, concentration, and air quality impacts that can help to reduce the health burden of allergic airway diseases. Graphic abstract Rupturing ragweed pollen releasing cellular components (right), viewed by an inverted light microscope.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0393-5965 , 1573-3025
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10453-021-09702-x
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 1499126-3
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
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    Characterization of sub-pollen particles in size-resolved atmospheric aerosol using chemical tracers
    Elsevier BV ; 2022
    In:  Atmospheric Environment: X Vol. 15 ( 2022-10), p. 100177-
    Details
    In: Atmospheric Environment: X, Elsevier BV, Vol. 15 ( 2022-10), p. 100177-
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2590-1621
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2022.100177
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Elsevier BV
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2967860-2
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