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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Evaluating novel approaches for estimating awake and sleep blood pressure: design of the Better BP Study – a randomised, crossover trial
    BMJ ; 2022
    In:  BMJ Open Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 2022-06), p. e058140-
    Details
    In: BMJ Open, BMJ, Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 2022-06), p. e058140-
    Abstract: For many people, blood pressure (BP) levels differ when measured in a medical office versus outside of the office setting. Out-of-office BP has a stronger association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) events compared with BP measured in the office. Many BP guidelines recommend measuring BP outside of the office to confirm the levels obtained in the office. Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) can assess out-of-office BP but is not available in many US practices and some individuals find it uncomfortable. The aims of the Better BP Study are to (1) test if unattended office BP is closer to awake BP on ABPM compared with attended office BP, (2) assess if sleep BP assessed by home BP monitoring (HBPM) agrees with sleep BP from a full night of ABPM and (3) compare the strengths of associations of unattended versus attended office BP, unattended office BP versus awake BP on ABPM and sleep BP on HBPM versus ABPM with markers of end-organ damage. Methods and analysis We are recruiting 630 adults not taking antihypertensive medication in Birmingham, Alabama, and New York, New York. Participants are having their office BP measured with (attended) and without (unattended) a technician present, in random order, using an automated oscillometric office BP device during each of two visits within one week. Following these visits, participants complete 24 hours of ABPM and one night of HBPM, in random order. Psychosocial factors, anthropometrics, left ventricular mass index and albumin-to-creatinine ratio are also being assessed. Ethics and dissemination This study was approved by the University of Alabama at Birmingham and the Columbia University Medical Center Institutional Review Boards. The study results will be disseminated at scientific conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration number NCT04307004 .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2044-6055 , 2044-6055
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058140
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2599832-8
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  • 2
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    Racial Differences in Blood Pressure Control Following Stroke: The REGARDS Study
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2021
    In:  Stroke Vol. 52, No. 12 ( 2021-12), p. 3944-3952
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 52, No. 12 ( 2021-12), p. 3944-3952
    Abstract: In the general population, Black adults are less likely than White adults to have controlled blood pressure (BP), and when not controlled, they are at greater risk for stroke compared with White adults. High BP is a major modifiable risk factor for recurrent stroke, but few studies have examined racial differences in BP control among stroke survivors. Methods: We used data from the REGARDS study (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) to examine disparities in BP control between Black and White adults, with and without a history of stroke. We studied participants taking antihypertensive medication who did and did not experience an adjudicated stroke (n=306 and 7693 participants, respectively) between baseline (2003–2007) and a second study visit (2013–2016). BP control at the second study visit was defined as systolic BP 〈 130 mm Hg and diastolic BP 〈 80 mm Hg except for low-risk adults ≥65 years of age (ie, those without diabetes, chronic kidney disease, history of cardiovascular disease, and with a 10-year predicted atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk 〈 10%) for whom BP control was defined as systolic BP 〈 130 mm Hg. Results: Among participants with a history of stroke, 50.3% of White compared with 39.3% of Black participants had controlled BP. Among participants without a history of stroke, 56.0% of White compared with 50.2% of Black participants had controlled BP. After multivariable adjustment, there was a tendency for Black participants to be less likely than White participants to have controlled BP (prevalence ratio, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.59–1.02] for those with a history of stroke and 0.92 [95% CI, 0.88–0.97] for those without a history of stroke). Conclusions: There was a lower proportion of controlled BP among Black compared with White adults with or without stroke, with no statistically significant differences after multivariable adjustment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.033108
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467823-8
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  • 3
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    Association of Sleep Characteristics With Nocturnal Hypertension and Nondipping Blood Pressure in the CARDIA Study
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of the American Heart Association Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2020-04-09)
    Details
    In: Journal of the American Heart Association, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2020-04-09)
    Abstract: Sleep characteristics and disorders are associated with higher blood pressure ( BP ) when measured in the clinic setting. Methods and Results We tested whether self‐reported sleep characteristics and likelihood of obstructive sleep apnea ( OSA ) were associated with nocturnal hypertension and nondipping systolic BP ( SBP ) among participants in the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study who completed 24‐hour ambulatory BP monitoring during the year 30 examination. Likelihood of OSA was determined using the STOP ‐Bang questionnaire. Global sleep quality, habitual sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and midsleep time were obtained from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Nocturnal hypertension was defined as mean asleep SBP ≥120 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥70 mm Hg. Nondipping SBP was defined as a decline in awake‐to‐asleep SBP 〈 10%. Among 702 participants, the prevalence of nocturnal hypertension and nondipping SBP was 41.3% and 32.5%, respectively. After multivariable adjustment including cardiovascular risk factors, the prevalence ratios (PRs) for nocturnal hypertension and nondipping SBP associated with high versus low likelihood of OSA were 1.32 (95% CI, 1.00–1.75) and 1.31 (95% CI, 1.02–1.68), respectively. The association between likelihood of OSA and nocturnal hypertension was stronger for white participants (PR: 2.09; 95% CI, 1.23–3.48) compared with black participants (PR: 1.11; 95% CI, 0.79–1.56). The PR for nondipping SBP associated with a 1‐hour later midsleep time was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.85–0.99). Global sleep quality, habitual sleep duration, and sleep efficiency were not associated with either nocturnal hypertension or nondipping SBP . Conclusions These findings suggest that addressing OSA risk and sleep timing in a clinical trial may improve BP during sleep.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2047-9980
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.119.015062
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2653953-6
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  • 4
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    Excess Risk for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Outcomes Among US Adults With HIV in the Current Era
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of the American Heart Association Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2020-01-07)
    Details
    In: Journal of the American Heart Association, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2020-01-07)
    Abstract: In the 2000s, adults with HIV had a higher risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ( ASCVD ) compared with those without HIV . There is uncertainty if this excess risk still exists in the United States given changes in antiretroviral therapies and increased statin use. Methods and Results We compared the risk for ASCVD events between US adults aged ≥19 years with and without HIV who had commercial or supplemental Medicare health insurance between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2016. Beneficiaries with HIV (n=82 426) were frequency matched 1:4 on age, sex, and calendar year to those without HIV (n=329 704). Beneficiaries with and without HIV were followed up through December 31, 2016, for ASCVD events, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and lower extremity artery disease hospitalizations. Most beneficiaries were aged 〈 55 years (79%) and men (84%). Over a median follow‐up of 1.6 years (maximum, 6 years), there were 3287 ASCVD events, 2190 myocardial infarctions, 891 strokes, and 322 lower extremity artery disease events. The rate per 1000 person‐years among beneficiaries with and without HIV was 5.53 and 3.49 for ASCVD , respectively, 3.58 and 2.34 for myocardial infarction, respectively, 1.49 and 0.94 for stroke, respectively, and 0.65 and 0.31 for lower extremity artery disease hospitalizations, respectively. The multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI ) for ASCVD , myocardial infarction, stroke, and lower extremity artery disease hospitalizations comparing beneficiaries with versus without HIV was 1.29 (1.18–1.40), 1.26 (1.13–1.39), 1.30 (1.11–1.52), and 1.46 (1.11–1.92), respectively. Conclusions Adults with HIV in the United States continue to have a higher ASCVD risk compared with their counterparts without HIV .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2047-9980
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.119.013744
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2653953-6
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  • 5
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    Atherosclerotic Risk and Statin Use Among Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease
    Elsevier BV ; 2020
    In:  Journal of the American College of Cardiology Vol. 76, No. 3 ( 2020-07), p. 251-264
    Details
    In: Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 76, No. 3 ( 2020-07), p. 251-264
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0735-1097
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.05.048
    RVK:
    XA 17760
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468327-1
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  • 6
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    Prediabetes and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease by Hypertension Status in Black Adults: The Jackson Heart Study
    American Diabetes Association ; 2019
    In:  Diabetes Care Vol. 42, No. 12 ( 2019-12-01), p. 2322-2329
    Details
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 42, No. 12 ( 2019-12-01), p. 2322-2329
    Abstract: Recent studies have suggested that prediabetes is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) only among individuals with concomitant hypertension. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed the association between prediabetes and CVD by hypertension status among 3,313 black adults in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) without diabetes or a history of CVD at baseline (2000–2004). Prediabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose between 100 and 125 mg/dL or hemoglobin A1c between 5.7 and 6.4% (39 and 46 mmol/mol). Hypertension was defined as systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg and/or self-reported antihypertensive medication use. Participants were followed for incident CVD events and all-cause mortality through 31 December 2014. RESULTS Overall, 35% of JHS participants did not have prediabetes or hypertension, 18% had prediabetes alone, 22% had hypertension alone, and 25% had both prediabetes and hypertension. Compared with participants without either condition, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for CVD events among participants with prediabetes alone, hypertension alone, and both prediabetes and hypertension were 0.86 (95% CI 0.51, 1.45), 2.09 (1.39, 3.14), and 1.93 (1.28, 2.90), respectively. Among participants with and without hypertension, there was no association between prediabetes and an increased risk for CVD (0.78 [0.46, 1.34] and 0.94 [0.70, 1.26] , respectively). No association was present between prediabetes and all-cause mortality among participants with or without hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Regardless of hypertension status, prediabetes was not associated with an increased risk for CVD or all-cause mortality in this cohort of black adults.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/dc19-1074
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490520-6
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  • 7
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    Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Schedule: Adherence Among Commercially Insured Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States, 2011–2017
    American Public Health Association ; 2020
    In:  American Journal of Public Health Vol. 110, No. 3 ( 2020-03), p. 385-390
    Details
    In: American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, Vol. 110, No. 3 ( 2020-03), p. 385-390
    Abstract: Objectives. To determine rates of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine adherence to the 2011 and 2016 Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations in the United States. Methods. We conducted a retrospective cohort study by using the 2011 to 2017 Marketscan data for beneficiaries aged 9 to 26 years who had at least 1 claim for HPV vaccination between January 1, 2011, and January 1, 2017. According to the 2011 ACIP recommendation, adherence is defined as 30 to 90 days between the first and second vaccination and 168 to 212 days between the first and third vaccination. According to the 2016 recommendation, preadolescents are classified as adherent if they had 2 claims of vaccination within 168 to 212 days. We calculated proportions of completion and adherence by recommendation. Results. Among patients classified under the 2011 ACIP recommendation (n = 2 164 096), 8.3% completed all 3 doses of the vaccine series. Of those who completed, 69.6% were considered adherent to the recommended schedule. Completion and adherence increased to 9.6% and 70.8%, respectively, among patients who were classified under the 2016 ACIP recommendation. Conclusions. Simpler recommendations lead to better adherence to the HPV vaccination schedule.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0090-0036 , 1541-0048
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2019.305485
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Public Health Association
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2054583-6
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  • 8
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    Lifestyle Behaviors Among Adults Recommended for Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring According to the 2017 ACC/AHA Blood Pressure Guideline
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  American Journal of Hypertension Vol. 34, No. 11 ( 2021-11-20), p. 1181-1188
    Details
    In: American Journal of Hypertension, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 34, No. 11 ( 2021-11-20), p. 1181-1188
    Abstract: The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association blood pressure (BP) guideline recommends ambulatory BP monitoring to exclude white coat hypertension (WCH) among adults with office systolic BP (SBP)/diastolic BP (DBP) of 130–159/80–99 mm Hg, and masked hypertension (MHT) among adults with office SBP/DBP of 120–129/75–79 mm Hg after a 3-month trial of lifestyle modification. We estimated the proportion of individuals with ideal lifestyle factors among those who meet these office BP criteria. Methods We analyzed data from participants not taking antihypertensive medication in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) and Jackson Heart Study (JHS) who met the office BP criteria for screening for WCH (CARDIA n = 490, JHS n = 873) and MHT (CARDIA n = 486, JHS n = 614). We estimated the prevalence of lifestyle factors including ideal body mass index (BMI), physical activity, diet, and alcohol use among participants who met office BP criteria for WCH or MHT screening. Results Among participants who met office BP criteria for WCH screening, 15.5% in CARDIA and 3.6% in JHS had 3 or more ideal lifestyle factors. Among participants who met office BP criteria for MHT screening, 22.6% in CARDIA and 4.7% in JHS had 3 or more ideal lifestyle factors. Ideal BMI, diet, and physical activity were present in less than half of participants in each sample. Conclusions Few participants who met office BP criteria for the screening of WCH or MHT had ideal lifestyle factors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0895-7061 , 1941-7225
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpab110
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479505-X
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  • 9
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    Risk for recurrent cardiovascular disease events among patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Cardiovascular Diabetology Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Details
    In: Cardiovascular Diabetology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: Adults who have experienced multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) events have a very high risk for additional events. Diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are each associated with an increased risk for recurrent CVD events following a myocardial infarction (MI). Methods We compared the risk for recurrent CVD events among US adults with health insurance who were hospitalized for an MI between 2014 and 2017 and had (1) CVD prior to their MI but were free from diabetes or CKD (prior CVD), and those without CVD prior to their MI who had (2) diabetes only, (3) CKD only and (4) both diabetes and CKD. We followed patients from hospital discharge through December 31, 2018 for recurrent CVD events including coronary, stroke, and peripheral artery events. Results Among 162,730 patients, 55.2% had prior CVD, and 28.3%, 8.3%, and 8.2% had diabetes only, CKD only, and both diabetes and CKD, respectively. The rate for recurrent CVD events per 1000 person-years was 135 among patients with prior CVD and 110, 124 and 171 among those with diabetes only, CKD only and both diabetes and CKD, respectively. Compared to patients with prior CVD, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio for recurrent CVD events was 0.92 (95%CI 0.90–0.95), 0.89 (95%CI: 0.85–0.93), and 1.18 (95%CI: 1.14–1.22) among those with diabetes only, CKD only, and both diabetes and CKD, respectively. Conclusion Following MI, adults with both diabetes and CKD had a higher risk for recurrent CVD events compared to those with prior CVD without diabetes or CKD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1475-2840
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01247-0
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2093769-6
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  • 10
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    Characteristics of patients with diabetes and a history of myocardial infarction initiating PCSK9 and SGLT2 inhibitors
    Elsevier BV ; 2022
    In:  American Heart Journal Plus: Cardiology Research and Practice Vol. 13 ( 2022-01), p. 100121-
    Details
    In: American Heart Journal Plus: Cardiology Research and Practice, Elsevier BV, Vol. 13 ( 2022-01), p. 100121-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2666-6022
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2022.100121
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3079463-8
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