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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Universitas Malahayati Bandar Lampung ; 2023
    In:  Malahayati Nursing Journal Vol. 5, No. 8 ( 2023-08-01), p. 2510-2517
    In: Malahayati Nursing Journal, Universitas Malahayati Bandar Lampung, Vol. 5, No. 8 ( 2023-08-01), p. 2510-2517
    Abstract: ABSTRACT Chronic airway inflammation is a major characteristic of asthma. Montelukast is a class of leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA) which has the most widely used anti-inflammatory properties because it shows the best effectiveness and safety. Many in vitro and in vivo experimental clinical studies have been published in the last 10 years covering the effectiveness and safety of montelukast in childhood asthma of varying degrees of severity. Montelukast is used as an alternative monotherapy for the ICS class or as an adjunct to enhance the anti-inflammatory and sparing effects of corticosteroids. montelukast as a treatment for asthma in children can be given in cases of mild to moderate persistent asthma, wheezing due to viruses, asthma due to exercise, and intolerance of steroid use in children. The advantages of montelukast as monotherapy are fast onset in controlling asthma, low side effects, given once daily oral administration without the need for an inhaler thereby increasing pediatric patient compliance.           Keyword: Asthma, Children, Montelukast, Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist.  ABSTRAK Inflamasi saluran napas kronis merupakan karakteristik utama asma. Montelukas merupakan golongan antagonis reseptor leukotrien (LTRA) memiliki sifat antiinflamasi yang paling banyak digunakan karena menunjukkan efektivitas dan keamanan terbaik. Penelitian klinis eksperimental baik in vitro maupun in vivo sudah banyak diterbitkan dalam 10 tahun terakhir mencakup efektivitas dan keamanan montelukas pada asma anak dengan derajat keparahan berbeda-beda. Montelukas digunakan sebagai monoterapi alternatif untuk golongan ICS atau sebagai tambahan untuk meningkatkan efek antiinflamasi dan meminimalisir penggunaan kortikosteroid. Montelukas sebagai pengobatan asma pada anak dapat diberikan pada kasus asma ringan sampai dengan persisten sedang, sesak oleh karena virus, dan asma akibat aktivitas berat, serta kondisi intoleransi steroid. Keuntungan montelukas sebagai monoterapi antara lain memiliki waktu onset cepat dalam mengendalikan asma dengan efek samping rendah pada pemberian oral sehari sekali tanpa penggunaan inhaler sehingga meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien anak. Kata Kunci: Asma, Anak, Montelukas, Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2655-4712 , 2655-2728
    URL: Issue
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universitas Malahayati Bandar Lampung
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd ; 2019
    In:  Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ( 2019-06-11), p. 64-67
    In: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd, ( 2019-06-11), p. 64-67
    Abstract: Objective: The aims of the study are to describe how antibiotics were used in a pediatric ward and to observe how they were prescribed for infectious diarrheas of bacterial origin indication. Diarrhea or acute gastroenteritis is one of the most common infection diagnoses observed among the hospitalized children. Rehydration therapy is the key treatment for children with diarrhea. With the zinc supplement, the duration of the hospital stay can be reduced. Thus, the decision whether the local or regional health authorities need to provide an antibiotic treatment depends on the etiology of the disease, the patient’s nutritional history and immunological status, and eventually, the severity of the disease. Good anamneses and diagnoses are essential to decide whether antibiotic treatment is required. Methods: The observation in this study consists of two phases. The first-phase observation was taken from the diagnosis and the number of antibiotics used in 2016 retrospectively calculated from each of the patients’ medical records. Meanwhile, the second phase descriptive observation was prospectively drawn from the stool culture and the number of antibiotics prescribed to 21 inpatient diarrhea children between May 2017 and December 2017. The amount of antibiotic consumption was administered based on defined daily dose (DDD) and days of therapy (DOT). Results: In 2016, 56% (828/1476) of the patients received antibiotic prescriptions. On average, the DDD per 100 bed-days was 45.57. In the prospective study, six of 21 patients with diarrhea were prescribed antibiotics intravenously. The DOT was 3.5 days and the DDD for these patients was 12.10/100 bed-days. Conclusion: There was a high consumption rate of antibiotics which was not indicated in each patient’s etiology of diarrhea in the hospital during the period. Thus, the recommendation is to encourage health authorities to judiciously prescribe antibiotics according to the guidelines.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2455-3891 , 0974-2441
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2500247-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd ; 2017
    In:  International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2017-07-01), p. 41-
    In: International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd, Vol. 9, No. 7 ( 2017-07-01), p. 41-
    Abstract: Objective: Antibiotics are considered to be overprescribed in primary health care centers. This study aimed to investigate the defined daily dose (DDD) of antibiotics per 1000 patients visit in a year in primary health care centers, the prevalence of upper respiratory infections (URI) and diarrhea, the percentage of antibiotic prescription for URI and diarrhea in Surabaya.Methods: A surveillance study of antibiotic use was done from the reports and use of drug demand sheet, which called laporan pemakaian dan lembar permintaan obat (LPLPO), outpatient medication card, and health care information and management system of primary health care center, which called sistem informasi manajemen manajemen puskesmas (SIMPUS) in Surabaya. DDD/1000 patients were calculated for describing the antibiotics usage level in each primary health care centers. Three primary health care centers selected based on its antibiotic use or its population density to recognize its antibiotic prescribing percentage for non-pneumonia respiratory tract infection and nonspecific diarrhea.Results: The DDD antibiotic systemic per 1000 patients visit primary health care centers in Surabaya is relatively low. The results found higher prevalence URI does not correlate to the frequent antibiotic prescribed. The prevalence of URI at one primary healthcare center (25% cases) was less than at the other (44%), but the percentage of antibiotic prescription and the total antibiotic usage were higher (73%; 1006 DDD/1000 patients vs. 21%; 675 DDD/1000 patients). The prevalence of diarrhea at primary health care center 2 (2,84%) was less than at primary health care center 1 (4,95%), but the percentage antibiotic prescription and the total antibiotic usage were higher (43%; 1006 DDD/1000 patients vs 18%; 675 DDD/1000 patients).Conclusion: The antibiotic usage at primary healthcare centers in Surabaya was shown to vary widely. Eighty-seven percent (55/63) primary health care centers antibiotic usage was less than 4 DDD/1000 patients day, only two primary health care centers antibiotic usage 6 DDD/1000 patients day. Further research to investigate antibiotic usage and the differences in usage between primary health care centers in treating URI is required.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0975-1491
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2503459-5
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Universitas Kediri ; 2020
    In:  Jurnal Inovasi Farmasi Indonesia (JAFI) Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2020-06-29), p. 102-
    In: Jurnal Inovasi Farmasi Indonesia (JAFI), Universitas Kediri, Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2020-06-29), p. 102-
    Abstract: Pneumonia adalah infeksi jaringan paru yang disebabkan oleh bakteri, jamur, virus atau parasit. Antibiotik merupakan terapi utama pada pneumonia oleh bakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran dan kesesuaian atau ketepatan penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien pneumonia di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Tulungagung periode Januari-Juni 2017. Metode penelitian observasional, data diambil secara retrospektif dari rekam medis pasien dan data penggunaan antibiotik dari Instalasi Farmasi, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis antibiotik terbanyak yang digunakan pada 130 pasien pneumonia unspecified rawat inap non ICU di Ruang Pulmonary adalah levofloxacin iv (62,71%), ceftriaxone (27,21%), dan  cefotaxim (5,67%). Kesesuaian penggunaan antibiotik berdasarkan pedoman terapi berupa Panduan Praktik Klinik RSUD Dr. Iskak Tulungagung SM Paru 2014, Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI, 2014), Infections Diseases Sociaty of America/American Thoracis Consensus  Guidelines on the Managemen of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adult (IDSA/ATS, 2014) dan Drug Information Handbook (DIH, 2011) didapatkan hasil penelitian bahwa yang tepat jenis antibiotik 85,38%, tepat dosis 100%, tepat frekuensi 100% dan tepat lama pemberian 42,34%. Penilaian ketepatan penggunaan antibiotik yang rasional berdasarkan rata-rata kriteria 4 tepat adalah sebesar 81, 93%.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2716-2826 , 2721-2254
    URL: Issue
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universitas Kediri
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
    In: Hospital Pharmacy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 56, No. 6 ( 2021-12), p. 668-677
    Abstract: Background: Inappropriate prescribing may lead to medication errors among older adults. Pharmacists can curb the occurrences of these errors by conducting medication reviews. Screening Tool of Older Person’s Prescriptions (STOPP) or Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatments (START) may curb the incidence of adverse drug reactions and improve medication appropriateness by providing guides about when particular types of medications should be started or stopped. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the use of STOPP/START to improve the Adapted Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI), to reduce the risk of ADRs (GerontoNet score), and length of stay (LOS). Setting: Geriatric Inpatient Ward, Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia. Method: A non-randomized controlled trial was conducted in older adults ( 〉 60 years) who were selected consecutively from inpatient units in a tertiary hospital in Bali, Indonesia. The intervention group received medication reviews by pharmacists in collaboration with physicians to assess its appropriateness with STOPP/START criteria on admission and during their stay at the hospital. The control group obtained standard care. Main Outcome Measures: The outcomes were measured using the Adapted MAI, GerontoNet Score, and LOS. Results: Thirty patients in the intervention group and 33 patients in the control group were included in this study. The adapted MAI was 2.97 (2.25) and 9.94 (6.14) with P  〈  .001. The GerontoNet score was 3.33 (2.28) and 5.18 (2.10) with P = .003, LOS was 7.63 (3.00) days and 14.18 (9.97) days with P = .011, respectively. Conclusion: The use of STOPP/START as a tool for medication review improved medication appropriateness and reduced ADR risk and LOS.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0018-5787 , 1945-1253
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2069227-4
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
    In: Antibiotics, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2021-05-20), p. 606-
    Abstract: The inappropriate use or misuse of antibiotics, particularly by outpatients, increases antibiotic resistance. A lack of public knowledge about “Responsible use of antibiotics” and “How to obtain antibiotics” is a major cause of this. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an educational video about antibiotics and antibiotic use to increase outpatients’ knowledge shown in two public hospitals in East Java, Indonesia. A quasi-experimental research setting was used with a one-group pre-test—post-test design, carried out from November 2018 to January 2019. The study population consisted of outpatients to whom antibiotics were prescribed. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique; 98 outpatients at MZ General Hospital in the S regency and 96 at SG General Hospital in the L regency were included. A questionnaire was used to measure the respondents’ knowledge, and consisted of five domains, i.e., the definition of infections and antibiotics, obtaining the antibiotics, directions for use, storage instructions, and antibiotic resistance. The knowledge test score was the total score of the Guttman scale (a dichotomous “yes” or “no” answer). To determine the significance of the difference in knowledge before and after providing the educational video and in the knowledge score between hospitals, the (paired) Student’s t-test was applied. The educational videos significantly improved outpatients’ knowledge, which increased by 41% in MZ General Hospital, and by 42% in SG General Hospital. It was concluded that an educational video provides a useful method to improve the knowledge of the outpatients regarding antibiotics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-6382
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2681345-2
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Center for Journal Management and Publication, Lambung Mangkurat University ; 2022
    In:  Jurnal Pharmascience Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2022-02-28), p. 1-
    In: Jurnal Pharmascience, Center for Journal Management and Publication, Lambung Mangkurat University, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2022-02-28), p. 1-
    Abstract: Bedah bersih terkontaminasi merupakan prosedur bedah yang dilakukan pada traktus bilier, traktus urinarius, respiratorius dan digestif, reproduksi kecuali ovarium atapun operasi tanpa disertai kontaminasi yang nyata. Bedah bersih terkontaminasi memiliki potensi terjadinya infeksi sebesar 3-11% untuk mencegah dan mengatasi terjadinya infeksi diperlukan pemberian antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan antibiotik dalam satuan Defined Daily Dose (DDD)/100 patient-days pada pasien bedah bersih terkontaminasi di RS Bhayangkara Surabaya. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara retrospektif observasional pada pasien rawat inap bedah dalam periode 1 Januari-31 Desember 2020. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 40 data medis kesehatan pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Total nilai DDD/100 patient-days antibiotik profilaksis tertinggi adalah ceftriaxone 25 DDD/100 patient-days, sedangkan antibiotik terapi yang paling tinggi adalah amoxicillin 38,35 DDD/100 patient-days. Antibiotik yang termasuk dalam segmen DU 90% pada penggunaan antibiotik profilaksis adalah ceftriaxone, cefazolin, dan amoxicillin; sedangkan untuk antibiotik terapi adalah amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, metronidazole, dan cefadroxil. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penggunaan antibiotik pada bedah bersih terkontaminasi tinggi dan jenis antibiotik yang paling banyak digunakan adalah antibiotik golongan sefalosporin generasi 3 (ceftriaxone) yang spektrum antibakterinya lebih luas daripada antibiotik golongan sefalosporin generasi 2 (cefazolin).Kata Kunci: DDD/100 patient-days, Bedah Bersih Terkontaminasi, AntibiotikClean-contaminated surgery is a surgical procedure performed on the biliary tract, urinary tract, respiratory and digestive tracts, reproduction except for the ovaries or surgery with no contamination encountered. This procedure has a potential infection in the range of 3-11%, therefore it is necessary to give antibiotics to prevent and treat the possibility of infections. This study was to evaluate the use of antibiotics using the Defined Daily Dose (DDD)/100 patient-days in clean-contaminated surgical patients at Bhayangkara Hospital Surabaya. Data was collected retrospectively observational in surgical inpatients from 1st January-31st December 2020. Total samples 40 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The highest total DDD prophylactic antibiotic value was ceftriaxone 25 DDD/100 patient-days. On the other hand, the highest therapeutic antibiotic was amoxicillin 38.35 DDD/100 patient-days. The antibiotics included in the 90% DU segment in the use of prophylactic antibiotics were ceftriaxone, cefazolin, and amoxicillin. Meanwhile, for therapeutic antibiotics, namely amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, metronidazole, and cefadroxil. The use of antibiotics in clean surgery is high and the type of antibiotic that is most widely used is the third generation cephalosporin antibiotic (ceftriaxone) whose antibacterial spectrum is wider than the second generation cephalosporin antibiotic (cefazolin).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2460-9560 , 2355-5386
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Center for Journal Management and Publication, Lambung Mangkurat University
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Universitas Sebelas Maret ; 2023
    In:  JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2023-05-12), p. 165-
    In: JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2023-05-12), p. 165-
    Abstract: 〈 span lang="EN-US" 〉 Daun dari tanaman 〈 em 〉 Moringa oleifera 〈 /em 〉 L. (kelor) memiliki efektivitas yang baik terhadap peningkatan kadar hemoglobin yang berkaitan dengan anemia defisiensi besi (kadar serum Fe yang rendah, peningkatan 〈 em 〉 Total Iron-Binding Capacity 〈 /em 〉 (TIBC) dan feritin yang rendah). 〈 /span 〉 〈 span lang="SV" 〉 Penelitian ini merupakan 〈 em 〉 systematic review 〈 /em 〉 yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara sistematis terkait penggunaan daun kelor untuk anemia defisiensi besi. Pencarian artikel yang digunakan untuk menyusun kajian menggunakan 〈 em 〉 database Pubmed 〈 /em 〉 , 〈 em 〉 Science Direct 〈 /em 〉 , dan 〈 em 〉 Google Scholar 〈 /em 〉 , artikel yang digunakan dengan beberapa desain studi diantaranya 〈 em 〉 Quasi Experimental 〈 /em 〉 dan 〈 em 〉 Randomized Controlled Trial 〈 /em 〉 (RCT). Kualitas artikel dinilai dengan 〈 em 〉 Joanna Briggs Institute 〈 /em 〉 (JBI) 〈 em 〉 checklist 〈 /em 〉 . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 artikel 〈 em 〉 Quasi Experimental 〈 /em 〉 dan 4 artikel RCT yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pemberian daun kelor dalam bentuk serbuk atau ekstrak daun pada subjek anak berusia di bawah 2 tahun (332 subjek), wanita usia produktif (129 subjek), dan wanita hamil/ menyusui (70 subjek) menunjukkan peningkatan kadar hemoglobin dengan rentang 0,3-2,6 g/dl selama pemberian 2 minggu-6 bulan. Kesimpulan dari 〈 em 〉 systematic review 〈 /em 〉 menunjukkan bahwa daun kelor dapat meningkatkan kadar Hb pasien anemia pada subjek bayi & lt; 2 tahun, remaja wanita/ wanita usia produktif dan pada wanita hamil/ wanita yang sedang menyusui. Daun kelor berpotensi besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai suplemen pada anemia defisiensi besi. 〈 /span 〉
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2503-331X
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universitas Sebelas Maret
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3015614-2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Health Sciences Vol. 15, No. 02 ( 2022-05-25), p. 98-106
    In: Journal of Health Sciences, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Vol. 15, No. 02 ( 2022-05-25), p. 98-106
    Abstract: Chronic inflammation of the lungs is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis. One of the macrolides, azithromycin has antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects that are useful in diseases with chronic inflammatory processes such as cystic fibrosis. This systematic review aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of azithromycin administration for cystic fibrosis patients in improving lung function. Pulmonary function was assessed by measuring the value of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in patients after intervention. The process of searching literature through PUBMED and Cochrane Library uses the keywords "Cystic Fibrosis" and "Azithromycin" with the Boolean operator "AND". There were seven studies selected, with criteria RCT studies, patients of all ages, patients with cystic fibrosis, and compared azithromycin with placebo. After reviewing seven studies, 71.4% of the studies stated that there was a significant increase of mean FEV1 value after being given azithromycin therapy. Other outcomes assessed were FVC values, pro-inflammatory indicators, exacerbations, changes in body weight, and quality of life. Azithromycin administration is considered relatively safe and well-tolerated by patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2477-3948 , 1978-6743
    URL: Issue
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 10
    In: Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, Vol. 7, No. 2 ( 2018-06-01), p. 69-77
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2252-6218 , 2337-5701
    URL: Issue
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
    Publication Date: 2018
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