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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Co-infections of human herpesviruses (CMV, HHV-6, HHV-7 and EBV) in non-transplant acute leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Virology Journal Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Details
    In: Virology Journal, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: Human herpesviruses (HHVs) remain latent after primary infection and can be reactivated in response to immunosuppression and chemotherapy. Little is known about their incidence, potential relationships, risk factors and clinical impact in non-transplant leukemia patients. This study investigated prospectively incidence, risk factors, clinical impact and possible association of HHVs-(1–7) infections in patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia. Methods Study design involved longitudinal sampling before chemotherapy and in different phases of chemotherapy: post-induction, post-remission, and post-salvage during 2016–2018. A total of 734 plasma samples from 95 patients were analyzed by a qualitative, multiplex PCR for HHVs detection and a quantitative real-time PCR was used for cytomegalovirus (CMV) quantification. HHVs-(1–6) IgG and IgM antibodies were tested using immunoassays. Risk factors were analyzed by binary logistic regression and relationships between viruses were analyzed using the Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Results The overall seroprevalences of HHV-(1–6) IgG were high ( 〉  80%). At least one herpes viral agent was detected in 60 patients (63.3%). CMV was the most commonly detected virus in the different phases of chemotherapy (19.4%), followed by HHV-6 (9.7%), HHV-7 (5.2%) and EBV (2.7%). HSV-1/2 and VZV DNA were not detected. Twenty-seven patients (28.4%) had more than one virus detected in the follow-up, with 23 who were co-infected. CMV/HHV-6 was the most frequent co-infection (69.5%, 16/23). HHV-6 infection ( p  = 0.008) was identified as a risk factor for CMV infection while salvage treatment ( p  = 0.04) and CMV infection ( p  = 0.007) were found to be independent risk factors for HHV-6 infection. CMV co-infection was associated with severe lymphopenia with an absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) ( 〈  500/μL) (p = 0.009), rash ( p  = 0.011), pneumonia ( p  = 0.016) and opportunistic infections [bacteremia, p   〈  0.001 and invasive fungal infection, ( p  = 0.024)] more frequently than CMV mono-viral infections. Conclusions Our data suggest that co-infection with HHVs, especially CMV and HHV-6, may contribute to the development of serious clinical manifestations with profound lymphopenia, pneumonia rash and increased risk for bacterial and fungal co-infections. These findings may suggest the synergistic effect of HHVs associated infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1743-422X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01302-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2160640-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein Polymorphisms and Increasing Viral Load in Non-Transplant Patients with Hematological Malignancies Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Prospective Observational Study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Infectious Diseases and Therapy Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 1549-1566
    Details
    In: Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 1549-1566
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2193-8229 , 2193-6382
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s40121-021-00457-z
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2701611-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Human herpesvirus-8 infection in Tunisian adult acute leukemia patients
    African Journals Online (AJOL) ; 2023
    In:  African Health Sciences Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2023-04-11), p. 504-10
    Details
    In: African Health Sciences, African Journals Online (AJOL), Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2023-04-11), p. 504-10
    Abstract: Background: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) has been linked to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)and multiple other hematologic malignant disorders. However, the role of HHV-8 in acute leukemia patients is unknown. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HHV-8 in Tunisian acute leukemia patients and in healthy blood donors. Methods: An indirect immunofluorescence test was used to detect the presence of anti-HHV8 antibodies. Nested PCR was used for the detection of HHV-8 DNAemia in samples of plasma. Results: The seroprevalence of HHV-8 was significantly higher in acute leukemia patients (21,4% ,15/70) than in healthy blood donors (7,1%, 5/70), (p= 0.02). Gender, type of disease, status of disease, prior blood transfusion, and outcome were not associated with HHV-8 seroprevalence. However, among acute leukemia patients, HHV-8 seroprevalence was statistically associated with older age 〉 40 years of age, (p=0.002). HHV-8 DNAemia was detected (1,4%) in only one patient of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and none of the healthy blood donors. Conclusions: The seroprevalence of HHV-8 infection in Tunisian adult acute leukemia patients was three times as high compared to healthy blood donors, suggesting that patients with acute leukemia might be at increased risk of HHV-8 infection. Keywords: Human herpesvirus 8; acute leukemia patients; blood donors; prevalence.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1729-0503 , 1680-6905
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i1.52
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: African Journals Online (AJOL)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2179903-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pooling Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens to Improve Testing Capacity for SARS-CoV-2 by Real-Time RT-PCR
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Biological Procedures Online Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Details
    In: Biological Procedures Online, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: The detection of SARS-CoV-2 using qRT-PCR with the pooling of samples can reduce workload and costs especially when the prevalence rate of COVID-19 in a population is low. To analyse the effect of pooling samples on the sensitivity of RT-qPCR for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection, we compared the cycle threshold (Ct) values of pools of 5 and 10 that tested positive with Ct values of individual samples that tested positive in that pool. Twenty positive nasopharyngeal (NP) specimens with low to high viral load were selected and pooled individually with four and nine negative NP. Results In NP specimens, the sensitivity of pools of 5 and 10 were 90 and 85%, compared to individual sample testing, respectively. The RT-qPCR sensitivity of pools of 5 and 10 against individual testing were not significantly different ( p   〉  0.05). Detection of positive samples with low Ct values ( 〈  36) was consistently achieved in pools of 5 and 10. However, there were higher false negatives when samples with high ct values ( 〉  36) were pooled and tested. The mean C t values obtained with the 5-sample pooled testing exceeded individual sample testing by 1.85 ± 1.09 cycles, while C t values obtained with the 10-sample pooling exceeded individual sample testing by 3.4 ± 1.65 cycles. Conclusions In a low prevalence setting, testing capacity can be increased by pooling 5 or 10 samples, but the risk of additional false negatives needs to be considered
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1480-9222
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12575-021-00156-6
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027823-8
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Human adenoviruses associated with respiratory illness in neonates, infants, and children in the Sousse area of Tunisia
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Medical Virology Vol. 92, No. 12 ( 2020-12), p. 3081-3092
    Details
    In: Journal of Medical Virology, Wiley, Vol. 92, No. 12 ( 2020-12), p. 3081-3092
    Abstract: The human Adenovirus (HAdV) is a common agent of acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Its clinical impact in immunocompetent children and in the context of coinfections remains unclear in Tunisia. Material and methods HAdV‐ARIs were studied in hospitalized patients from birth to the age of 5 years from 2013 to 2014. Clinical and demographic characteristics, coinfections, and molecular characterization of HAdV were established. Results HAdV‐positivity was detected in 114/583 specimens (19.6%) including 6.1% single infections and 93.9% coinfections. Adenoviral coinfections mostly comprised human Rhinovirus (50.9%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (34.2%), human Respiratory Syncytial virus A/B (29.8%), and human Coronaviruses (21.9%). HAdV infection was predominant in the pediatric population (25.0% vs 10.0% in neonates, P   〈  .001) and peaked in February 2014 (21.1%). HAdV severity of pediatric cases is characterized by low saturation of oxygen ( 〈 94%, 33.8%, P  = .05) and long duration of oxygen support (≥5 days, 32.7%, P  = .02). Severe HAdV infections were described with S. pneumoniae coinfection, which seemed to increase the risk of death. HAdV genotyping identified HAdV‐C as the most common species. Severe ARIs were observed in all HAdV‐identified types. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that sequences were variable suggesting the circulation of different HAdV strains sharing more similarities to strains circulating in Europe or Asia than those from Africa. Conclusion This first molecular study of HAdV in Tunisia demonstrated that it has an important role in severe ARIs with HAdV‐C being the most common species. S. pneumoniae codetection seems to increase the severity of HAdV‐ARIs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0146-6615 , 1096-9071
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jmv.v92.12
    DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26375
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 752392-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475090-9
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