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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    One maternal lineage leads the expansion of Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae) in the New and Old Worlds
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2020-02-26)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2020-02-26)
    Abstract: The bronze bug, Thaumastocoris peregrinus , an Australian native insect, has become a nearly worldwide invasive pest in the last 16 years and has been causing significant damage to eucalypts (Myrtaceae), including Eucalyptus spp. and Corymbia spp. Its rapid expansion leads to new questions about pathways and routes that T. peregrinus used to invade other continents and countries. We used mtDNA to characterize specimens of T. peregrinus collected from 10 countries where this species has become established, including six recently invaded countries: Chile, Israel, Mexico, Paraguay, Portugal, and the United States of America. We then combined our mtDNA data with previous data available from South Africa, Australia, and Europe to construct a world mtDNA network of haplotypes. Haplotype A was the most common present in all specimens of sites sampled in the New World, Europe, and Israel, however from Australia second more frequently. Haplotype D was the most common one from native populations in Australia. Haplotype A differs from the two major haplotypes found in South Africa (D and G), confirming that at least two independent invasions occurred, one from Australia to South Africa, and the other one from Australia to South America (A). In conclusion, Haplotype A has an invasion success over many countries in the World. Additionally, analyzing data from our work and previous reports, it is possible to suggest some invasive routes of T. peregrinus to predict such events and support preventive control measures.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60236-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of Irrigation Scheduling on Groundcover Performance
    American Society for Horticultural Science ; 1995
    In:  HortScience Vol. 30, No. 4 ( 1995-07), p. 799A-799
    Details
    In: HortScience, American Society for Horticultural Science, Vol. 30, No. 4 ( 1995-07), p. 799A-799
    Abstract: The performance of six landscape groundcover species was evaluated when irrigated at 30% of ET 0 at irrigation schedules of three times per week, once per week, once every 2 weeks, and once every 4 weeks. Potentilla tabernaemontani could not be sustained under any of the treatments. For the other species ( Baccharis pilularis, Drosanthemum hispidum, Vinca major, Osteospermum fruticosum , and Hedera helix ) there were no season-long differences in a species' performance or density due to irrigation frequency, but there were significant differences among species across irrigation treatments. Drosanthemum and Osteospermum provided good overall appearance and density consistently through the season. Baccharis maintained acceptable performance most of the irrigation season, while Vinca and Hedera became unacceptable in appearance in mid-season. Soil moisture content differed among species, but was not consistently different between irrigation treatments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0018-5345 , 2327-9834
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21273/HORTSCI.30.4.799A
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Society for Horticultural Science
    Publication Date: 1995
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2040198-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Estimating Water Needs of Landscape Palms in Mediterranean Climates
    American Society for Horticultural Science ; 2009
    In:  HortTechnology Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2009-01), p. 700-704
    Details
    In: HortTechnology, American Society for Horticultural Science, Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2009-01), p. 700-704
    Abstract: The responses of five landscape palm species [king palm ( Archontophoenix cunninghamiana ), mediterranean fan palm (Chamaerops humilis ), queen palm ( Syagrus romanzoffiana ), chinese windmill palm ( Trachycarpus fortunei ), and california fan palm ( Washingtonia filifera )] to three levels of irrigation [50%, 25%, and 0% (no irrigation) of reference evapotranspiration] were evaluated in a coastal mediterranean climate in Irvine, CA. Cumulative leaf production varied greatly among the species, but only king and chinese windmill palms produced more leaves with additional irrigation. All species maintained at least minimally acceptable visual quality at the no-irrigation treatment. Mediterranean fan and california fan palms expressed near optimum performance with no irrigation. Many established landscape palms can maintain at least minimally acceptable appearance for an extended period with little or no supplemental water in coastal mediterranean climates. However, when rainfall plus irrigation is less than 50% of reference evapotranspiration, sensitive landscape palms could be expected to appear less attractive and grow less. Responses of palm species in this study were similar to those of many other landscape tree and shrub species, but the water needs of landscape palms are considerably less than those of commercial date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera ), oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis ), or coconut palm ( Cocos nucifera ).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1063-0198 , 1943-7714
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21273/HORTTECH.19.4.700
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Society for Horticultural Science
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2038832-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transplanting Palms
    American Society for Horticultural Science ; 2009
    In:  HortTechnology Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2009-01), p. 686-689
    Details
    In: HortTechnology, American Society for Horticultural Science, Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2009-01), p. 686-689
    Abstract: The optimum time to transplant palms (Arecaceae) is at the beginning of the warm season in temperate climates or at the beginning of the rainy season in tropical climates if irrigation is unavailable. Careful and proper handling, including covering and protecting the leaves and root ball during transplanting to protect them from injury and drying out and immediate planting upon arrival at the new site, helps to ensure rapid and successful establishment. A root ball extending out from the trunk for 30 cm appears to be adequate for most solitary-stemmed species. Larger root balls may be necessary for multistemmed or unusually tall or large specimens. Tying up leaves facilitates handling during digging, transport, and planting, but it is best to untie them after planting. In most instances leaf removal during transplanting does not appear to be advantageous, and it is probably best to remove leaves only when they die and turn brown. Too deep or too shallow planting lowers transplant success and stresses palms, making them susceptible to diseases, disorders, and pests. Amending the backfill when transplanting palms is not beneficial in most cases. However, mulch applied around the base of the palm after transplanting can enhance growth. Keeping the soil, backfill, and surrounding site soil evenly moist helps to ensure successful establishment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1063-0198 , 1943-7714
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21273/HORTSCI.19.4.686
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Society for Horticultural Science
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2038832-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Estimating Water Needs of Landscape Palms in Mediterranean Climates
    American Society for Horticultural Science ; 2009
    In:  HortTechnology Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2009-01), p. 700-704
    Details
    In: HortTechnology, American Society for Horticultural Science, Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2009-01), p. 700-704
    Abstract: The responses of five landscape palm species [king palm ( Archontophoenix cunninghamiana ), mediterranean fan palm (Chamaerops humilis ), queen palm ( Syagrus romanzoffiana ), chinese windmill palm ( Trachycarpus fortunei ), and california fan palm ( Washingtonia filifera )] to three levels of irrigation [50%, 25%, and 0% (no irrigation) of reference evapotranspiration] were evaluated in a coastal mediterranean climate in Irvine, CA. Cumulative leaf production varied greatly among the species, but only king and chinese windmill palms produced more leaves with additional irrigation. All species maintained at least minimally acceptable visual quality at the no-irrigation treatment. Mediterranean fan and california fan palms expressed near optimum performance with no irrigation. Many established landscape palms can maintain at least minimally acceptable appearance for an extended period with little or no supplemental water in coastal mediterranean climates. However, when rainfall plus irrigation is less than 50% of reference evapotranspiration, sensitive landscape palms could be expected to appear less attractive and grow less. Responses of palm species in this study were similar to those of many other landscape tree and shrub species, but the water needs of landscape palms are considerably less than those of commercial date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera ), oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis ), or coconut palm ( Cocos nucifera ).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1063-0198 , 1943-7714
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21273/HORTSCI.19.4.700
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Society for Horticultural Science
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2038832-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Responses of Landscape Groundcovers to Minimum Irrigation
    Horticultural Research Institute ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Environmental Horticulture Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2001-06-01), p. 78-84
    Details
    In: Journal of Environmental Horticulture, Horticultural Research Institute, Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2001-06-01), p. 78-84
    Abstract: Four irrigation regimes based on percentages of real-time reference evapotranspiration (ET0) were applied to six widely used species of landscape groundcovers (Baccharis pilularis ‘Twin Peaks’, Drosanthemum hispidum, Vinca major, Gazania rigens v. leucolaena ‘Yellow Cascade’, Potentilla tabernaemontanii, and Hedera helix ‘Needlepoint’) during a 17-month period in Irvine, CA. Irrigation treatments (50%, 40%, 30% and 20% of ET0) were applied when accumulated real-time ET0 × treatment percentage reached 4.0 cm (1.6 in). Although the response to irrigation treatment was species dependent, Baccharis, Drosanthemum, and Hedera maintained at least minimally acceptable visual quality with applied water equal to 20% ET0, while Vinca required a minimum of 30% ET0. Acceptable visual quality of Gazania and Potentilla were not maintained at any treatment. Visual quality of Potentilla was better at ET0 greater than or equal to 30% ET0, but visual quality of Gazania was not improved with more water.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0738-2898 , 2573-5586
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.24266/0738-2898-19.2.78
    Language: English
    Publisher: Horticultural Research Institute
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2932434-8
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    RESPONSES OF GROUNDCOVERS TO RENOVATION BY MOWING
    American Society for Horticultural Science ; 1992
    In:  HortScience Vol. 27, No. 6 ( 1992-06), p. 631h-632
    Details
    In: HortScience, American Society for Horticultural Science, Vol. 27, No. 6 ( 1992-06), p. 631h-632
    Abstract: The objectives of this study were to investigate the responses of several groundcovers to periodic mowing and determine which ones benefit from mowing in terms of aesthetic quality, density, height and thatch development. Eight species were transplanted on 30 cm centers in September. Five species had become fully grown in 10 months and were mowed to either a 5 cm or 10 cm height. Four species received a second mowing at 10 cm 8 or 11 months later. The remaining three species became fully grown in 18 or 21 months and were mowed at 10 cm at that time. Visual quality scores were recorded monthly, as were average overall plant and thatch heights. Lantana , Osteospermum and Verbena expressed little or no long-term loss in visual quality, while their height and thatch growth were controlled well when mowed in the spring-summer period. Height and thatch growth were controlled well in Drosanthemum and Aptenia , but visual quality was unacceptable. Spring mowing appears to produce reductions in height and thatch with no significant loss in quality of Myoporum and Baccharis but with significant loss in quality of Rosemarinus .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0018-5345 , 2327-9834
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21273/HORTSCI.27.6.631h
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Society for Horticultural Science
    Publication Date: 1992
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2040198-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of Amended Backfill Soils When Planting Five Species of Palms
    American Society for Horticultural Science ; 2006
    In:  HortTechnology Vol. 16, No. 3 ( 2006-01), p. 457-460
    Details
    In: HortTechnology, American Society for Horticultural Science, Vol. 16, No. 3 ( 2006-01), p. 457-460
    Abstract: In a study in southern California, five species of palms [king palm ( Archontophoenix cunninghamiana ), mediterranean fan palm ( Chamaerops humilis ), queen palm ( Syagrus romanzoffiana ), windmill palm ( Trachycarpus fortunei ), california fan palm ( Washingtonia filifera )] grown in 1-gal containers were planted in 12 × 12 × 12-inch holes in sandy loam (five species) and in clay loam (two species) with the backfill amended using a commercially available, composted, nitrogen-stabilized douglas fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii ) shavings product incorporated at 0%, 25%, and 50% by volume. After 18 months, all palms were fully established. Crown volume, stem diameter, visual quality, quantity of new leaves produced, and percent total nitrogen, potassium, and magnesium in leaves did not differ significantly among the three treatments for all species or among treatments within a species. Thus, in this study there was no benefit from amending the backfill with this type of organic amendment when planting palms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1063-0198 , 1943-7714
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21273/HORTTECH.16.3.0457
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Society for Horticultural Science
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2038832-9
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transplanting Palms
    American Society for Horticultural Science ; 2009
    In:  HortTechnology Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2009-01), p. 686-689
    Details
    In: HortTechnology, American Society for Horticultural Science, Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2009-01), p. 686-689
    Abstract: The optimum time to transplant palms (Arecaceae) is at the beginning of the warm season in temperate climates or at the beginning of the rainy season in tropical climates if irrigation is unavailable. Careful and proper handling, including covering and protecting the leaves and root ball during transplanting to protect them from injury and drying out and immediate planting upon arrival at the new site, helps to ensure rapid and successful establishment. A root ball extending out from the trunk for 30 cm appears to be adequate for most solitary-stemmed species. Larger root balls may be necessary for multistemmed or unusually tall or large specimens. Tying up leaves facilitates handling during digging, transport, and planting, but it is best to untie them after planting. In most instances leaf removal during transplanting does not appear to be advantageous, and it is probably best to remove leaves only when they die and turn brown. Too deep or too shallow planting lowers transplant success and stresses palms, making them susceptible to diseases, disorders, and pests. Amending the backfill when transplanting palms is not beneficial in most cases. However, mulch applied around the base of the palm after transplanting can enhance growth. Keeping the soil, backfill, and surrounding site soil evenly moist helps to ensure successful establishment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1063-0198 , 1943-7714
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21273/HORTTECH.19.4.686
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Society for Horticultural Science
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2038832-9
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transplanting Specimen Palms: A Review of Common Practices and Research-based Information
    American Society for Horticultural Science ; 2005
    In:  HortTechnology Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2005-01), p. 128-132
    Details
    In: HortTechnology, American Society for Horticultural Science, Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2005-01), p. 128-132
    Abstract: Successful reestablishment of transplanted palms [members of the Arecaceae (Palmae)] depends on rapid regeneration of roots, avoiding injury and desiccation of the trees during transit and handling, and maintaining sufficient soil moisture around the root balls after transplanting. Since landscape contractors and nurserymen spend considerable resources and labor transplanting specimen palms, understanding the seasonality of palm root growth, how palm roots respond when trees are dug, and the effects of canopy manipulation during transplanting will enable them to adopt effective and rational transplanting practices. This manuscript provides a review of research findings that can be applied to maximize reestablishment of transplanted specimen palms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1063-0198 , 1943-7714
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21273/HORTTECH.15.1.0128
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Society for Horticultural Science
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2038832-9
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