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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Applied Philosophy Vol. 35, No. 2 ( 2018-05), p. 319-340
    In: Journal of Applied Philosophy, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 2 ( 2018-05), p. 319-340
    Abstract: Selection against embryos that are predisposed to develop disabilities is one of the less controversial uses of embryo selection technologies ( EST s). Many bio‐conservatives argue that while the use of EST s to select for non‐disease‐related traits, such as height and eye‐colour, should be banned, their use to avoid disease and disability should be permitted. Nevertheless, there remains significant opposition, particularly from the disability rights movement, to the use of EST s to select against disability. In this article we examine whether and why the state could be justified in restricting the use of EST s to select against disability. We first outline the challenge posed by proponents of ‘liberal eugenics’. Liberal eugenicists challenge those who defend restrictions on the use of EST s to show why the use of these technologies would create a harm of the type and magnitude required to justify coercive measures. We argue that this challenge could be met by adverting to the risk of harms to future persons that would result from a loss of certain forms of cognitive diversity. We suggest that this risk establishes a pro tanto case for restricting selection against some disabilities, including dyslexia and Asperger's syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0264-3758 , 1468-5930
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475318-2
    SSG: 5,1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Vol. 59, No. 5 ( 2019-10), p. 649-655
    In: Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Wiley, Vol. 59, No. 5 ( 2019-10), p. 649-655
    Abstract: Non‐invasive prenatal testing ( NIPT ) has been available in Australia on a user‐pays basis since 2012. Since its introduction, it has grown in popularity as a screening method for fetal aneuploidy and may become publicly funded. Aims To assess the motivations and experiences of women who have undergone NIPT in a user‐pays system in Australia. Materials and methods One thousand women who had undergone NIPT through the Victorian Clinical Genetics Services in Melbourne, Australia were contacted and asked to complete a mixed‐methods survey. The number of eligible responses received was 235. Quantitative data analysis was performed in STATA IC 15.1, and qualitative data were examined using content analysis. Results Women reported generally positive experiences with NIPT and 95% of respondents indicated they would undergo NIPT in a future pregnancy. Most respondents received a low‐risk result, with 2.2% receiving a high‐risk result. Respondents viewed NIPT favourably compared to invasive testing and cited reassurance as a key reason they sought it. However, a small minority of women reported negative experiences with the testing process. Women were also supportive of NIPT becoming publicly funded, with 93% of respondents indicating support. Pre‐ and post‐test counselling were identified as possible areas for improvement to ensure informed consent. Conclusion In support of the existing literature, these results indicate that Australian women generally report positive experiences with NIPT . As NIPT becomes more common, with possible integration into public healthcare, further qualitative research would be valuable to examine the motivations and experiences of women undergoing NIPT .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-8666 , 1479-828X
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2100324-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Vol. 110, No. 7 ( 2017-07), p. 276-279
    In: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 110, No. 7 ( 2017-07), p. 276-279
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0141-0768 , 1758-1095
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046643-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Bioethics Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. 123-134
    In: Bioethics, Wiley, Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. 123-134
    Abstract: In vitro gametogenesis (IVG) might offer numerous research and clinical benefits. Some potential clinical applications of IVG, such as allowing opposite‐sex couples experiencing infertility to have genetically related children, have attracted support. Others, such as enabling same‐sex reproduction and solo reproduction, have attracted significantly more criticism. In this paper, we examine how different ethical principles might help us to draw lines and distinguish between ethically desirable and undesirable uses of IVG. We discuss the alleged distinction between therapeutic and non‐therapeutic uses of assisted reproduction in the context of IVG, and show how it is both problematic to apply in practice and theoretically dubious. We then discuss how the ethical principles of reproductive justice and beneficence apply to IVG for opposite‐sex reproduction, same‐sex reproduction, and solo reproduction. We suggest that these principles generate strong reasons for the use of IVG for opposite‐sex and same‐sex reproduction, but not for solo reproduction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0269-9702 , 1467-8519
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1480658-7
    SSG: 0
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 1
    SSG: 5,1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    BMJ ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Medical Ethics Vol. 45, No. 8 ( 2019-08), p. 514-523
    In: Journal of Medical Ethics, BMJ, Vol. 45, No. 8 ( 2019-08), p. 514-523
    Abstract: In July 2018, the Nuffield Council of Bioethics released its long-awaited report on heritable genome editing (HGE). The Nuffield report was notable for finding that HGE could be morally permissible, even in cases of human enhancement. In this paper, we summarise the findings of the Nuffield Council report, critically examine the guiding principles they endorse and suggest ways in which the guiding principles could be strengthened. While we support the approach taken by the Nuffield Council, we argue that detailed consideration of the moral implications of genome editing yields much stronger conclusions than they draw. Rather than being merely ‘morally permissible’, many instances of genome editing will be moral imperatives.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0306-6800 , 1473-4257
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026397-1
    SSG: 0
    SSG: 1
    SSG: 5,1
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Human Genetics Vol. 65, No. 12 ( 2020-12), p. 1055-1065
    In: Journal of Human Genetics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 65, No. 12 ( 2020-12), p. 1055-1065
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1434-5161 , 1435-232X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478797-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Monash Bioethics Review Vol. 39, No. S1 ( 2021-12), p. 1-3
    In: Monash Bioethics Review, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 39, No. S1 ( 2021-12), p. 1-3
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1321-2753 , 1836-6716
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2510076-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Monash Bioethics Review Vol. 37, No. 3-4 ( 2019-12), p. 94-110
    In: Monash Bioethics Review, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 37, No. 3-4 ( 2019-12), p. 94-110
    Abstract: Here, a moral case is presented as to why sign languages such as Auslan should be made compulsory in general school curricula. Firstly, there are significant benefits that accrue to individuals from learning sign language. Secondly, sign language education is a matter of justice; the normalisation of sign language education and use would particularly benefit marginalised groups, such as those living with a communication disability. Finally, the integration of sign languages into the curricula would enable the flourishing of Deaf culture and go some way to resolving the tensions that have arisen from the promotion of oralist education facilitated by technologies such as cochlear implants. There are important reasons to further pursue policy proposals regarding the prioritisation of sign language in school curricula.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1321-2753 , 1836-6716
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2510076-2
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  • 9
    In: Children, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2023-05-30), p. 970-
    Abstract: Rapid genomic testing (rGT) enables genomic information to be available in a matter of hours, allowing it to be used in time-critical settings, such as intensive care units. Although rGT has been shown to improve diagnostic rates in a cost-effective manner, it raises ethical questions around a range of different areas, including obtaining consent and clinical decision-making. While some research has examined the perspectives of parents and genetics health professionals, the attitudes of intensive care clinicians remain under-explored. To address this gap, we administered an online survey to English-speaking neonatal/paediatric intensivists in Europe, Australasia and North America. We posed two ethical scenarios: one relating to obtaining consent from the parents and the second assessing decision-making regarding the provision of life-sustaining treatments. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. We received 40 responses from 12 countries. About 50–75% of intensivists felt that explicit parental consent was necessary for rGT. About 68–95% felt that a diagnosis from rGT should affect the provision of life-sustaining care. Results were mediated by intensivists’ level of experience. Our findings show divergent attitudes toward ethical issues generated by rGT among intensivists and suggest the need for guidance regarding ethical decision-making for rGT.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9067
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2732685-8
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Vol. 16, No. 3 ( 2019-09), p. 405-414
    In: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 16, No. 3 ( 2019-09), p. 405-414
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1176-7529 , 1872-4353
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2253038-1
    SSG: 12
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