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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ABSTRACTS FROM THE 2019 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY FOR NORTHWESTERN VERTEBRATE BIOLOGY, HELD JOINTLY WITH THE WASHINGTON CHAPTER OF THE WILDLIFE SOCIETY, AND IN ASSOCIATION WITH NORTHWEST PARTNERS IN AMPHIBIAN AND REPTILE CONSERVATION, AT GREAT WOLF LODGE, GRAND MOUND, WASHINGTON, 25 FEBRUARY–1 M
    Northwestern Naturalist ; 2019
    In:  Northwestern Naturalist Vol. 100, No. 2 ( 2019-7-22), p. 132-
    Details
    In: Northwestern Naturalist, Northwestern Naturalist, Vol. 100, No. 2 ( 2019-7-22), p. 132-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1051-1733
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1898/1051-1733-100.2.132
    DOI: 10.1898/1051-1733-100.2.132.s1
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Northwestern Naturalist
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175232-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic Analysis of Antibody Response to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Vaccination as an Indicator Trait for Reproductive Performance in Commercial Sows
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2020
    In:  Frontiers in Genetics Vol. 11 ( 2020-9-11)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Genetics, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2020-9-11)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-8021
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.01011
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606823-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    27 Genomic relationship between antibody response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccination and reproductive performance in commercial sows
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 98, No. Supplement_4 ( 2020-11-30), p. 20-21
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 98, No. Supplement_4 ( 2020-11-30), p. 20-21
    Abstract: Antibody response, measured as sample-to-positive ratio (S/P), to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) after PRRS outbreaks has been proposed as an indicator trait to improve reproductive performance in PRRS-infected sows. However, waiting for a PRRS outbreak to occur and having different relationships in healthy pigs may limit the use of this trait. Thus, we proposed to investigate if this relationship also occurs between S/P to PRRS vaccination and reproductive performance in sows without exposure to PRRS. Nine hundred six F1 replacement gilts (139□17 days old) from two commercial farms were vaccinated with a commercial modified live PRRS virus vaccine. Blood samples were collected at 52 days after vaccination to measure S/P to PRRS and SNP genotyping. Reproductive performance included: number born alive (NBA), number of piglets weaned, number born mummified (MUM), number stillborn (NSB), and pre-weaning mortality (PWM) at parities (P) 1 to 3. Average performance was calculated for each trait per sow per year (PSY). Farrowing rate and age at first service were also analyzed. BayesC0 was used to estimate genetic correlations between S/P and reproductive performance. Bivariate genome-wide association studies of antibody response and reproductive traits were performed using BayesB. High genetic correlations between S/P and farrowing performance were identified for NBA_P1 (0.61±0.16), PWM_P2 (-0.64±0.15), PWM_P2 (-0.63±0.20), NSB_P3 (-0.84±0.05), MUM_P3 (-0.83±0.11), and NSB_PSY (-0.90±0.05). A QTL was identified on chromosome 7 (MHC region) for these reproductive traits and for S/P, explaining from 1.2% (PWM_P2) to 22.4% (S/P) of the genetic variance. SNP H3GA0020505 explained most of the variance in this region for these traits. Heterozygote animals for this SNP had overall better performance: greater S/P (P = 0.001), greater (P = 0.06) NBA_P1, and lesser (P = 0.06) MUM_P3 than other genotypes. These results suggest that antibody response to PRRS vaccination may be used as a genetic indicator to improve reproductive performance in commercial pigs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa278.038
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Further host-genomic characterization of total antibody response to PRRSV vaccination and its relationship with reproductive performance in commercial sows: genome-wide haplotype and zygosity analyses
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Genetics Selection Evolution Vol. 53, No. 1 ( 2021-12-07)
    Details
    In: Genetics Selection Evolution, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 53, No. 1 ( 2021-12-07)
    Abstract: The possibility of using antibody response (S/P ratio) to PRRSV vaccination measured in crossbred commercial gilts as a genetic indicator for reproductive performance in vaccinated crossbred sows has motivated further studies of the genomic basis of this trait. In this study, we investigated the association of haplotypes and runs of homozygosity (ROH) and heterozygosity (ROHet) with S/P ratio and their impact on reproductive performance. Results There was no association ( P -value ≥ 0.18) of S/P ratio with the percentage of ROH or ROHet, or with the percentage of heterozygosity across the whole genome or in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region. However, specific ROH and ROHet regions were significantly associated ( P -value ≤ 0.01) with S/P ratio on chromosomes 1, 4, 5, 7, 10, 11, 13, and 17 but not ( P -value ≥ 0.10) with reproductive performance. With the haplotype-based genome-wide association study (GWAS), additional genomic regions associated with S/P ratio were identified on chromosomes 4, 7, and 9. These regions harbor immune-related genes, such as SLA-DOB , TAP2 , TAPBP , TMIGD3 , and ADORA . Four haplotypes at the identified region on chromosome 7 were also associated with multiple reproductive traits. A haplotype significantly associated with S/P ratio that is located in the MHC region may be in stronger linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the quantitative trait loci (QTL) than the previously identified single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (H3GA0020505) given the larger estimate of genetic variance explained by the haplotype than by the SNP. Conclusions Specific ROH and ROHet regions were significantly associated with S/P ratio. The haplotype-based GWAS identified novel QTL for S/P ratio on chromosomes 4, 7, and 9 and confirmed the presence of at least one QTL in the MHC region. The chromosome 7 region was also associated with reproductive performance. These results narrow the search for causal genes in this region and suggest SLA-DOB and TAP2 as potential candidate genes associated with S/P ratio on chromosome 7. These results provide additional opportunities for marker-assisted selection and genomic selection for S/P ratio as genetic indicator for litter size in commercial pig populations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1297-9686
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12711-021-00676-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2012369-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Investigating the relationship between vaginal microbiota and host genetics and their impact on immune response and farrowing traits in commercial gilts
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics Vol. 137, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. 84-102
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Wiley, Vol. 137, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. 84-102
    Abstract: Our objectives were to evaluate the interaction between host genetics and vaginal microbiota and their relationships with antibody (Ab) response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccination and farrowing performance in commercial gilts. The farrowing performance traits were number born alive, number weaning (NW), total number born, number born dead, stillborn, mummies and preweaning mortality (PWM). The vaginal microbiota was collected on days 4 (D4) and 52 (D52) after vaccination for PRRSV. Blood samples were collected on D52 for Ab measurement. Actinobacteria , Bacterioidetes , Firmicutes , Proteobacteria and Tenericutes were the most abundant Phyla identified in the vaginal microbiota. Heritability ranged from ~0 to 0.60 ( Fusobacterium ) on D4 and from ~0 to 0.63 ( Terrisporobacter ) on D52, with 43 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) presenting moderate to high heritability. One major QTL on chromosome 12 was identified for 5 OTUs ( Clostridiales , Acinetobacter , Ruminococcaceae , Campylobacter and Anaerococcus ), among other 19 QTL. The microbiability for Ab response to PRRSV vaccination was low for both days ( 〈 0.07). For farrowing performance, microbiability varied from 〈 0.001 to 0.15 (NW on D4). For NW and PWM, the microbiability was greater than the heritability estimates. Actinobacillus , Streptococcus , Campylobacter , Anaerococcus , Mollicutes , Peptostreptococcus , Treponema and Fusobacterium showed different abundance between low and high Ab responders. Finally, canonical discriminant analyses revealed that vaginal microbiota was able to classify gilts in high and low Ab responders to PRRSV vaccination with a misclassification rate of 〈 0.02. Although the microbiota explained limited variation in Ab response and farrowing performance traits, there is still potential to explore the use of vaginal microbiota to explain variation in traits such as NW and PWM. In addition, these results revealed that there is a partial control of host genetic over vaginal microbiota, suggesting a possibility for genetic selection on the vaginal microbiota.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0931-2668 , 1439-0388
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jbg.v137.1
    DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12456
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020402-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    219 Relationship between host-genetics and the vaginal microbiome in commercial gilts
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 97, No. Supplement_3 ( 2019-12-05), p. 43-44
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 97, No. Supplement_3 ( 2019-12-05), p. 43-44
    Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate host-genetic contributions to the vaginal microbiome of commercial gilts vaccinated for Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS). Vaginal swab samples (n = 576) from 308 F1 gilts (183±12 days old) were collected on day 4 (D4) and 52 (D52) post-vaccination with a commercial modified live virus PRRS vaccine. Samples were used to profile the vaginal microbiome by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, with sequences clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and taxonomically classified. All animals were genotyped for 45,536 SNPs. Arcsine of the square root-transformed OTUs abundance data were analyzed using a linear mixed animal model with age at vaccination as a covariate and animal (random) for estimation of genetic parameters. The same model was used for GWAS for the 100 most abundant OTUs but with addition of genotype of SNPs as a covariate, one at a time. For D4, heritability estimates ranged from & lt; 0.001±0.01(13 OTUs) to 0.60±0.13 (Fusobacterium), with OTUs corresponding to the genera Fusobacterium, Pasteurellaceae, Clostridiales, Prevotellaceae, and Lactobacillus having high estimates (0.41±0.13 to 0.60±0.13). For D52, heritability estimates ranged from & lt; 0.001±0.01 (10 OTUs) to 0.63±0.12 (Terrisporobacter), with OTUs corresponding to Clostridium, Terrisporobacter, Romboutsia, Turicibacter, Phascolarctobacterium, Muribaculaceae, and Ruminococcaceae having high estimates (0.42±0.14 to 0.63±0.12). Forty-six QTLs were significantly (P & lt; 0.00001) associated with OTU across days. Among these, one main QTL on chromosome 12 (20–23Mb), a gene-rich region with previously identified QTL for immune-related traits, was identified for 5 and 6 OTUs on D4 and D52, respectively. These OTUs were mainly of the phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes on D4 and D52, respectively. In conclusion, there is evidence of substantial host genetic variation for vaginal microbiome in commercial PRRS-vaccinated gilts, including the identification of many QTLs. Additional research is needed to investigate the genetic relationship between vaginal microbiome, health, and production in pigs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz258.086
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genomics of response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in purebred and crossbred sows: antibody response and performance following natural infection vs. vaccination
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 99, No. 5 ( 2021-05-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 99, No. 5 ( 2021-05-01)
    Abstract: Antibody response, measured as sample-to-positive (S/P) ratio, to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) following a PRRSV-outbreak (S/POutbreak) in a purebred nucleus and following a PRRSV-vaccination (S/PVx) in commercial crossbred herds have been proposed as genetic indicator traits for improved reproductive performance in PRRSV-infected purebred and PRRSV-vaccinated crossbred sows, respectively. In this study, we investigated the genetic relationships of S/POutbreak and S/PVx with performance at the commercial (vaccinated crossbred sows) and nucleus level (non-infected and PRRSV-infected purebred sows), respectively, and tested the effect of previously identified SNP for these indicator traits. Antibody response was measured on 541 Landrace sows ~54 d after the start of a PRRSV outbreak, and on 906 F1 (Landrace × Large White) gilts ~50 d after vaccination with a commercial PRRSV vaccine. Reproductive performance was recorded for 711 and 428 Landrace sows before and during the PRRSV outbreak, respectively, and for 811 vaccinated F1 animals. The estimate of the genetic correlation (rg) of S/POutbreak with S/PVx was 0.72 ± 0.18. The estimates of rg of S/POutbreak with reproductive performance in vaccinated crossbred sows were low to moderate, ranging from 0.05 ± 0.23 to 0.30 ± 0.20. The estimate of rg of S/PVx with reproductive performance in non-infected purebred sows was moderate and favorable with number born alive (0.50 ± 0.23) but low (0 ± 0.23 to −0.11 ± 0.23) with piglet mortality traits. The estimates of rg of S/PVx were moderate and negative (−0.38 ± 0.21) with number of mummies in PRRSV-infected purebred sows and low with other traits (−0.30 ± 0.18 to 0.05 ± 0.18). Several significant associations (P0 & gt; 0.90) of previously reported SNP for S/P ratio (ASGA0032063 and H3GA0020505) were identified for S/P ratio and performance in non-infected purebred and PRRSV-exposed purebred and crossbred sows. Genomic regions harboring the major histocompatibility complex class II region significantly contributed to the genetic correlation of antibody response to PRRSV with most of the traits analyzed. These results indicate that selection for antibody response in purebred sows following a PRRSV outbreak in the nucleus and for antibody response to PRRSV vaccination measured in commercial crossbred sows are expected to increase litter size in purebred and commercial sows.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab097
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    20 Vaginal microbiome composition is associated with sow longevity
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 98, No. Supplement_4 ( 2020-11-30), p. 23-24
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 98, No. Supplement_4 ( 2020-11-30), p. 23-24
    Abstract: The vaginal microbiome of gilts vaccinated for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has been previously associated with first-parity reproductive performance in absence of PRRS outbreak. However, associations using multiparous sows have not been investigated. The objective of this study was to associate the vaginal microbiota of PRRS-vaccinated gilts with longevity. Vaginal swabs from 251 commercial F1 gilts (Landrace/Large-White) were collected on days 4 and 52 after PRRS vaccination (dpv) for 16S rRNA sequencing. Sequences were clustered into operational taxonomic unit (OTU). Sows were assigned to one of four groups according to the maximum parity reached (number of animals): without parity (13), first-parity (45), second-parity (47), and 3 or more parities (146). A negative binomial mixed model including fixed effects of group, dpv, group*dpv, and collection age (covariate), and random effect of animal, was used to identify OTUs with differential abundance. The false discovery rate method was used for multiple test correction. Canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) was performed to classify animals into the four parity groups by including significant OTUs in stepwise selection (P & lt; 0.05) using the whole data. A leave-one-out-cross-validation was used to assess the predictive ability of OTUs to correctly classify animals into the parity groups. Abundance of five and four OTUs was associated (q & lt; 0.05) with group and with group*dpv (q & lt; 0.05), respectively. In the CDA analysis, 220 OTUs identified in the vaginal microbiome were included (P & lt; 0.05). The first and second canonical variables explained 96.6 and 3.4% of the variation, respectively. All animals were correctly classified into their respective parity groups. This study indicates that the vaginal microbiome composition of gilts collected after PRRS-vaccination may be used to predict longevity in commercial sow herds. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brazil (Capes) – Finance Code 001.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa278.043
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    93 Genomic basis of antibody response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccination
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 98, No. Supplement_3 ( 2020-11-30), p. 28-28
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 98, No. Supplement_3 ( 2020-11-30), p. 28-28
    Abstract: Antibody (Ab) response to natural infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus has been shown to be highly heritable (~0.40), to be genetically correlated with farrowing performance in PRRSV-infected sows, be controlled by two major QTL on chromosome 7, among others, and have moderate genomic prediction accuracy. However, waiting for PRRS outbreaks to occur to collect data limits the use of Ab response to select for increased PRRS resilience. Thus, we investigated the genomic basis of Ab response to PRRS vaccination with a modified live PRRSV vaccine as a strategy to generate data for this purpose. Nine hundred and six commercial F1 replacement gilts (189±16 days old) were vaccinated with a commercial PRRS modified live virus vaccine. Blood samples were collected 52 days after vaccination to measure Ab response, as sample-to-positive (S/P) ratio using a commercial ELISA, and for SNP genotyping (~50K). BayesC0 was used to estimate heritability for S/P ratio using in a model with contemporary group (CG) as fixed effect and SNP effects as random. Genome-wide association study and genomic prediction for S/P ratio were performed with BayesB (Pi=0.99). For genomic prediction, a three-fold cross-validation was used, in which each CG (n=3) was used as validation dataset. Accuracy of genomic prediction was defined as the correlation between genomic estimated breeding values and phenotypes adjusted for estimates of fixed effects, weighed by the number of individuals in the validation dataset. Heritability of S/P was moderate (0.35±0.04). A QTL was identified on chromosome 7 (25 Mb) explaining ~28% of the genetic variance. Accuracy of genomic prediction was fairly high (0.60±0.15). This is the first study describing the genomic basis of Ab response to PRRS vaccination with modified-live virus vaccine. Additional work is needed to evaluate the genetic correlation of Ab response to vaccination with resilience traits in pigs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa054.050
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Ethical and Policy Implications of Financial Burden in Family Caregivers
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Hospice & Palliative Nursing Vol. 24, No. 5 ( 2022-10), p. E226-E232
    Details
    In: Journal of Hospice & Palliative Nursing, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 24, No. 5 ( 2022-10), p. E226-E232
    Abstract: Palliative care nurses are key members of the health care team and provide support to patients and their families navigating chronic and life-limiting illness. Financial burden is an issue inherent to chronic illness, yet has not been fully addressed in family caregivers. The purpose of this article is to (1) provide a case study of a family caregiver navigating chronic illness with her daughter and the associated financial and employment consequences and (2) review the nursing ethical, policy, and practice implications of financial burden for family caregivers. The ethical implications of financial burden in family caregivers relate to health equity and health outcomes for both the patient and family caregiver in treatment access and quality. The policy implications include state and federal policies related to caregiver compensation and support and family medical leave. Palliative care nurses play an integral role in addressing caregiver financial burden through assessment, education, referral, and policy support. Family caregivers are essential to the palliative care team, and palliative care nurses have the opportunity to lead initiatives to support the financial well-being of family caregivers in practice, research, and policy settings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1539-0705 , 1522-2179
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/NJH.0000000000000887
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070862-2
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