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  • 1
    In: Neurology, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 102, No. 1 ( 2024-01-9)
    Abstract: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is the major cause of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). There is no comprehensive, easily applicable classification of ICH subtypes according to the presumed underlying SVD using MRI. We developed an MRI-based classification for SVD-related ICH. Methods We performed a retrospective study in the prospectively collected Swiss Stroke Registry (SSR, 2013–2019) and the Stroke InvestiGation in North And central London (SIGNAL) cohort. Patients with nontraumatic, SVD-related ICH and available MRI within 3 months were classified as Cerebral Amyloid angiopathy (CAA), Deep perforator arteriopathy (DPA), Mixed CAA-DPA, or Undetermined SVD using hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic MRI markers (CADMUS classification). The primary outcome was inter-rater reliability using Gwet's AC1. Secondary outcomes were recurrent ICH/ischemic stroke at 3 months according to the CADMUS phenotype. We performed Firth penalized logistic regressions and competing risk analyses. Results The SSR cohort included 1,180 patients (median age [interquartile range] 73 [62–80] years, baseline NIH Stroke Scale 6 [2–12], 45.6% lobar hematoma, systolic blood pressure on admission 166 [145–185] mm Hg). The CADMUS phenotypes were as follows: mixed CAA-DPA (n = 751 patients, 63.6%), undetermined SVD (n = 203, 17.2%), CAA (n = 154, 13.1%), and DPA (n = 72, 6.3%), with a similar distribution in the SIGNAL cohort (n = 313). Inter-rater reliability was good (Gwet's AC1 for SSR/SIGNAL 0.69/0.74). During follow-up, 56 patients had 57 events (28 ICH, 29 ischemic strokes). Three-month event rates were comparable between the CADMUS phenotypes. Discussion CADMUS, a novel MRI-based classification for SVD-associated ICH, is feasible and reproducible and may improve the classification of ICH subtypes in clinical practice and research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-3878 , 1526-632X
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2024
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  • 2
    In: Annals of Neurology, Wiley, Vol. 94, No. 1 ( 2023-07), p. 61-74
    Abstract: Cerebral microbleeds are associated with the risks of ischemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhage, causing clinical dilemmas for antithrombotic treatment decisions. We aimed to evaluate the risks of intracranial hemorrhage and ischemic stroke associated with microbleeds in patients with atrial fibrillation treated with vitamin K antagonists, direct oral anticoagulants, antiplatelets, and combination therapy (i.e. concurrent oral anticoagulant and antiplatelet). Methods We included patients with documented atrial fibrillation from the pooled individual patient data analysis by the Microbleeds International Collaborative Network. Risks of subsequent intracranial hemorrhage and ischemic stroke were compared between patients with and without microbleeds, stratified by antithrombotic use. Results A total of 7,839 patients were included. The presence of microbleeds was associated with an increased relative risk of intracranial hemorrhage (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 2.74, 95% confidence interval = 1.76–4.26) and ischemic stroke (aHR = 1.29, 95% confidence interval = 1.04–1.59). For the entire cohort, the absolute incidence of ischemic stroke was higher than intracranial hemorrhage regardless of microbleed burden. However, for the subgroup of patients taking combination of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy, the absolute risk of intracranial hemorrhage exceeded that of ischemic stroke in those with 2 to 4 microbleeds (25 vs 12 per 1,000 patient‐years) and ≥ 11 microbleeds (94 vs 48 per 1,000 patient‐years). Interpretation Patients with atrial fibrillation and high burden of microbleeds receiving combination therapy have a tendency of higher rate of intracranial hemorrhage than ischemic stroke, with potential for net harm. Further studies are needed to help optimize stroke preventive strategies in this high‐risk group. ANN NEUROL 2023;94:61–74
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0364-5134 , 1531-8249
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2037912-2
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  • 3
    In: Journal of Neurology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 266, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. 3126-3135
    Abstract: To obtain precise estimates of age, haematoma volume, secondary haematoma expansion (HE) and mortality for patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) taking oral anticoagulants [Vitamin K antagonists (VKA-ICH) or non-Vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC-ICH)] and those not taking oral anticoagulants (non-OAC ICH) at ICH symptom onset. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing VKA-ICH or NOAC-ICH or both with non-OAC ICH. Primary outcomes were haematoma volume (in ml), HE, and mortality (in-hospital and 3-month). We calculated odds ratios (ORs) using the Mantel–Haenszel random-effects method and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and determined the mean ICH volume difference. Results We identified 19 studies including data from 16,546 patients with VKA-ICH and 128,561 patients with non-OAC ICH. Only 2 studies reported data on 4943 patients with NOAC-ICH. Patients with VKA-ICH were significantly older than patients with non-OAC ICH (mean age difference: 5.55 years, 95%CI 4.03–7.07, p   〈  0.0001, I 2  = 92%, p   〈  0.001). Haematoma volume was significantly larger in VKA-ICH with a mean difference of 9.66 ml (95%CI 6.24–13.07 ml, p   〈  0.00001; I 2  = 42%, p  = 0.05). HE occurred significantly more often in VKA-ICH (OR 2.96, 95%CI 1.74–4.97, p   〈  0.00001; I 2  = 65%). VKA-ICH was associated with significantly higher in-hospital mortality (VKA-ICH: 32.8% vs. non-OAC ICH: 22.4%; OR 1.83, 95%CI 1.61–2.07, p   〈  0.00001, I 2  = 20%, p  = 0.27) and 3-month mortality (VKA-ICH: 47.1% vs. non-OAC ICH: 25.5%; OR 2.24, 95%CI 1.52–3.31, p   〈  0.00001, I 2  = 71%, p  = 0.001). We did not find sufficient data for a meta-analysis comparing NOAC-ICH and non-OAC-ICH. Conclusion This meta-analysis confirms, refines and expands findings from prior studies. We provide precise estimates of key prognostic factors and outcomes for VKA-ICH, which has larger haematoma volume, increased rate of HE and higher mortality compared to non-OAC ICH. There are insufficient data on NOACs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0340-5354 , 1432-1459
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1421299-7
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  • 4
    In: Neurology, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 102, No. 1 ( 2024-01-9)
    Abstract: Visible perivascular spaces are an MRI marker of cerebral small vessel disease and might predict future stroke. However, results from existing studies vary. We aimed to clarify this through a large collaborative multicenter analysis. Methods We pooled individual patient data from a consortium of prospective cohort studies. Participants had recent ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), underwent baseline MRI, and were followed up for ischemic stroke and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Perivascular spaces in the basal ganglia (BGPVS) and perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale (CSOPVS) were rated locally using a validated visual scale. We investigated clinical and radiologic associations cross-sectionally using multinomial logistic regression and prospective associations with ischemic stroke and ICH using Cox regression. Results We included 7,778 participants (mean age 70.6 years; 42.7% female) from 16 studies, followed up for a median of 1.44 years. Eighty ICH and 424 ischemic strokes occurred. BGPVS were associated with increasing age, hypertension, previous ischemic stroke, previous ICH, lacunes, cerebral microbleeds, and white matter hyperintensities. CSOPVS showed consistently weaker associations. Prospectively, after adjusting for potential confounders including cerebral microbleeds, increasing BGPVS burden was independently associated with future ischemic stroke (versus 0–10 BGPVS, 11–20 BGPVS: HR 1.19, 95% CI 0.93–1.53; 21+ BGPVS: HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.10–2.06; p = 0.040). Higher BGPVS burden was associated with increased ICH risk in univariable analysis, but not in adjusted analyses. CSOPVS were not significantly associated with either outcome. Discussion In patients with ischemic stroke or TIA, increasing BGPVS burden is associated with more severe cerebral small vessel disease and higher ischemic stroke risk. Neither BGPVS nor CSOPVS were independently associated with future ICH.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-3878 , 1526-632X
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2024
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  • 5
    In: Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 15 ( 2024-4-17)
    Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate baseline characteristics and outcome of patients after endovascular therapy (EVT) for acute large vessel occlusion (LVO) in relation to their history of symptomatic vascular disease and sex. Methods Consecutive EVT-eligible patients with LVO in the anterior circulation admitted to our stroke center between 04/2015 and 04/2020 were included in this observational cohort study. All patients were treated according to a standardized acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) protocol. Baseline characteristics and successful reperfusion, recurrent/progressive in-hospital ischaemic stroke, symptomatic in-hospital intracranial hemorrhage, death at discharge and at 3 months, and functional outcome at 3 months were analyzed according to previous symptomatic vascular disease and sex. Results 995 patients with LVO in the anterior circulation (49.4% women, median age 76 years, median admission NIHSS score 14) were included. Patients with multiple vs. no previous vascular events showed higher mortality at discharge (20% vs. 9.3%, age/sex − adjusted OR = 1.43, p = 0.030) and less independency at 3 months (28.8% vs. 48.8%, age/sex − adjusted OR = 0.72, p = 0.020). All patients and men alone with one or multiple vs. patients and men with no previous vascular events showed more recurrent/progressive in-hospital ischaemic strokes (19.9% vs. 6.4% in all patients, age/sex − adjusted OR = 1.76, p = 0.028) (16.7% vs. 5.8% in men, age-adjustedOR = 2.20, p = 0.035). Men vs. women showed more in-hospital symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage among patients with one or multiple vs. no previous vascular events (23.7% vs. 6.6% in men and 15.4% vs. 5.5% in women, OR = 2.32, p = 0.035/ age − adjusted OR = 2.36, p = 0.035). Conclusions Previous vascular events increased the risk of in-hospital complications and poorer outcome in the analyzed patients with EVT-eligible LVO-AIS. Our findings may support risk assessment in these stroke patients and could contribute to the design of future studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2295
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564214-5
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  • 6
    In: BMC Emergency Medicine, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: Vestibular symptoms are a frequent reason for presenting at the emergency department (ED). Underlying conditions range in severity from life-threatening to benign, but often remain undiagnosed despite extensive investigations. We aimed to identify clinical characteristics that are associated with ED consultations by patients with vestibular symptoms of unknown origin (VUO) and to quantify the ED resources consumed during the investigations. Methods This retrospective one-year, single-centre, cross-sectional study assessed ED consultations with patients whose chief complaint was ‘vestibular symptoms’. Data on risk factors, clinical characteristics, management and ED resources were extracted from the administrative database and medical records. Consultations were grouped according to the discharge diagnosis as either VUO or non-VUO. We determined clinical factors associated with VUO and compared ED resource consumption by the two patient groups using multivariable analysis. Results A total of 1599 ED consultations were eligible. Of these, 14.3% ( n  = 229) were consultations with patients with VUO. Clinical characteristics included in the final multivariable model to determine associations with VUO were sensory disorders, aural fullness, improvement at rest, absence of situational provocation, pre-existing neurological conditions, and age  〈  65 years. Patients with VUO had higher total ED resource consumption in terms of physicians’ work and radiology resources, as a result of more use of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion One in seven emergency patients with vestibular symptoms is dismissed without a diagnosis. Clinical characteristics of VUO patients are distinct from patients in whom a diagnosis was made in the ED. VUO triggers higher ED resource consumption, which can be justified if appropriately indicated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1471-227X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2050431-7
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  • 7
    In: European Stroke Journal, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Deep perforator arteriolopathy (DPA) causes intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and lacunar strokes (LS). We compare patient characteristics, MRI findings and clinical outcomes among patients with deep ICH and LS. Patients and methods: We included patients with MRI-confirmed LS or ICH in the basal ganglia, thalamus, internal capsule or brainstem from the Bernese Stroke Registry. We assessed MRI small vessel disease (SVD) markers, SVD burden score, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and ischaemic stroke or ICH at 3 months. Results: We included 716 patients, 117 patients (16.3%) with deep ICH (mean age (SD) 65.1 (±15.2) years, 37.1% female) and 599 patients (83.7%) with LS (mean age (SD) 69.7 (±13.6) years, 39.9% female). Compared to LS, deep ICH was associated with a higher SVD burden score (median (IQR) 2 (1–2) vs 1 (0–2)), aOR shift 3.19, 95%CI 2.15–4.75). Deep ICH patients had more often cerebral microbleeds (deep ICH: 71.6% vs LS: 29.2%, p  〈  0.001, median count (IQR) 4(2–12) vs 2(1–6)) and a higher prevalence of lacunes (deep ICH: 60.5% vs LS: 27.4% p  〈  0.001). At 3 months, deep ICH was associated with higher mRS (aOR shift 2.16, 95%CI 1.21–3.87). Occurrence of ischaemic stroke was numerically but not significantly higher in deep ICH (4.3% vs 2.9%; p = 0.51). One patient (1.1%) with ICH but none with LS suffered ICH recurrence. Discussion/Conclusion: DPA manifesting as ICH is associated with more severe MRI SVD burden and worse outcome compared to LS. The short-term risks of subsequent ischaemic stroke and recurrent ICH are similar in ICH and LS patients. This implies potential consequences for future secondary prevention strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2396-9873 , 2396-9881
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2851287-X
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  • 8
    In: European Stroke Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 6, No. 4 ( 2021-12), p. 333-342
    Abstract: We assessed the association of prior antiplatelet therapy (APT) at onset of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) with haematoma characteristics and outcome. Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing ICH outcomes of patients on APT (APT-ICH) with patients not taking APT (non–APT-ICH). Primary outcomes were haematoma volume (mean difference and 95% CI), haematoma expansion (HE), in-hospital 3-month mortality rates and good functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 0–2). We provide odds ratios (ORs) from random effects models and subgroup analyses for haematoma expansion and short-term mortality rates. Results We included 23 of 1551 studies on 30,949 patients with APT-ICH and 62,018 with non-APT-ICH. Patients on APT were older (Δmean 6.27 years, 95% CI 5.44–7.10), had larger haematoma volume (Δmean 5.74 mL, 95% CI 1.93–9.54), higher short-term mortality rates (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.14–1.82), 3-month mortality rates (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.14–2.19) and lower probability of good functional outcome (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.49–0.77). While there was no difference in HE in the overall analysis (OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.85–2.06), HE occurred more frequently when assessed within 24 h (OR 2.58, 95% CI 1.18–5.67). We found insufficient data for comparison of single versus dual APT-ICH. Heterogeneity was substantial amongst studies. Discussion APT is associated with larger baseline haematoma volume, early ( 〈 24 h) haematoma expansion, mortality rates and morbidity in patients with ICH. Data on differences in single and dual APT-ICH are scarce and warrant further investigation. New treatment options for APT-ICH are urgently needed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2396-9873 , 2396-9881
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2851287-X
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  • 9
    In: Journal of Stroke, Korean Stroke Society, Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2022-05-31), p. 266-277
    Abstract: Background and Purpose Knowledge about different etiologies of non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and their outcomes is scarce.Methods We assessed prevalence of pre-specified ICH etiologies and their association with outcomes in consecutive ICH patients enrolled in the prospective Swiss Stroke Registry (2014 to 2019). Results We included 2,650 patients (mean±standard deviation age 72±14 years, 46.5% female, median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 8 [interquartile range, 3 to 15]). Etiology was as follows: hypertension, 1,238 (46.7%); unknown, 566 (21.4%); antithrombotic therapy, 227 (8.6%); cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), 217 (8.2%); macrovascular cause, 128 (4.8%); other determined etiology, 274 patients (10.3%). At 3 months, 880 patients (33.2%) were functionally independent and 664 had died (25.1%). ICH due to hypertension had a higher odds of functional independence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] , 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI] , 1.00 to 1.77; P=0.05) and lower mortality (aOR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.86; P=0.003). ICH due to antithrombotic therapy had higher mortality (aOR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.01 to 2.61; P=0.045). Within 3 months, 4.2% of patients had cerebrovascular events. The rate of ischemic stroke was higher than that of recurrent ICH in all etiologies but CAA and unknown etiology. CAA had high odds of recurrent ICH (aOR, 3.38; 95% CI, 1.48 to 7.69; P=0.004) while the odds was lower in ICH due to hypertension (aOR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.93; P=0.031).Conclusions Although hypertension is the leading etiology of ICH, other etiologies are frequent. One-third of ICH patients are functionally independent at 3 months. Except for patients with presumed CAA, the risk of ischemic stroke within 3 months of ICH was higher than the risk of recurrent hemorrhage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2287-6391 , 2287-6405
    Language: English
    Publisher: Korean Stroke Society
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2814366-8
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  • 10
    In: European Journal of Neurology, Wiley, Vol. 30, No. 10 ( 2023-10), p. 2980-2985
    Abstract: Simultaneously acquiring broad clinical knowledge and scientific expertise is a major challenge for young clinical scientists. Female researchers may face additional hurdles in their career, for example, due to unconscious bias. We aimed to address clinical, research, and gender‐related challenges among young female clinical neuroscientists. We implemented a peer‐led networking group dedicated to increasing clinical and scientific knowledge, improve soft skills, and encourage exchange between fellow residents. In monthly meetings, two participants hold short presentations on a clinical topic or scientific method, followed by a discussion and feedback to the presenter. Afterwards, participants network and discuss challenges they face in their daily experience. Nine neurology residents at a Swiss University Hospital with ≤3 years of training participated in the Connecting Women in Neurosciences project from August 2020 to June 2021. In a qualitative evaluation, participants reported they felt empowered by these meetings and profited from their new network. We identified several challenges in combining clinical and research activities, some of which participants perceived to be gender‐related. In addition to women‐only meetings, we will promote events addressing all interested researchers. Peer‐to‐peer networking is an easy and low‐budget intervention to encourage female residents to engage in research activities, profit from each other's expertise, and promote interdisciplinary teamwork. It can provide a protected environment to discuss and overcome in particular gender‐related challenges. We encourage young colleagues to regularly engage in structured networking activities with their local peers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1351-5101 , 1468-1331
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020241-6
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