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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Decadal Prediction : Can It Be Skillful?
    American Meteorological Society ; 2009
    In:  Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Vol. 90, No. 10 ( 2009-10), p. 1467-1486
    Details
    In: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 90, No. 10 ( 2009-10), p. 1467-1486
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-0007 , 1520-0477
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/2009BAMS2778.1
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How accurate did GCMs compute the insolation at TOA for AMIP-2?
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2005
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 32, No. 23 ( 2005)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 32, No. 23 ( 2005)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2005GL024411
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2005
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Correction to “Nonlinearity of the combined warm ENSO and QBO effects on the Northern Hemisphere polar vortex in MAECHAM5 simulations”
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 114, No. D20 ( 2009-10-29)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 114, No. D20 ( 2009-10-29)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2009JD013257
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2009
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Preface to Special Section on Climate Models at the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology
    American Meteorological Society ; 2006
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 19, No. 16 ( 2006-08-15), p. 3769-3770
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 19, No. 16 ( 2006-08-15), p. 3769-3770
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1520-0442 , 0894-8755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI9023.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2006
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Tropical Deep Convection Impact on Southern Winter Stationary Waves and Its Modulation by the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation
    American Meteorological Society ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 32, No. 21 ( 2019-11-01), p. 7453-7467
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 32, No. 21 ( 2019-11-01), p. 7453-7467
    Abstract: The impact of tropical deep convection on southern winter stationary waves and its modulation by the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) have been investigated in a long (210 year) climate model simulation and in ERA-Interim reanalysis data for the period 1979–2018. Model results reveal that tropical deep convection over the region of its climatological maximum modulates high-latitude stationary planetary waves in the southern winter hemisphere, corroborating the dominant role of tropical thermal forcing in the generation of these waves. In the tropics, deep convection enhancement leads to wavenumber-1 eddy anomalies that reinforce the climatological Rossby–Kelvin wave couplet. The Rossby wave propagates toward the extratropical southern winter hemisphere and upward through the winter stratosphere reinforcing wavenumber-1 climatological eddies. As a consequence, stronger tropical deep convection is related to greater upward wave propagation and, consequently, to a stronger Brewer–Dobson circulation and a warmer polar winter stratosphere. This linkage between tropical deep convection and the Southern Hemisphere (SH) winter polar vortex is also found in the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Furthermore, model results indicate that the enhancement of deep convection observed during the easterly phase of the QBO (E-QBO) gives rise to a similar modulation of the southern winter extratropical stratosphere, which suggests that the QBO modulation of convection plays a fundamental role in the transmission of the QBO signature to the southern stratosphere during the austral winter, revealing a new pathway for the QBO–SH polar vortex connection. ERA-Interim corroborates a QBO modulation of deep convection; however, the shorter data record does not allow us to assess its possible impact on the SH polar vortex.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0763.1
    DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-18-0763.s1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wave Forcing of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model
    American Meteorological Society ; 2014
    In:  Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Vol. 71, No. 6 ( 2014-06-01), p. 1985-2006
    Details
    In: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 71, No. 6 ( 2014-06-01), p. 1985-2006
    Abstract: This study investigates the resolved wave forcing of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model truncated at T63 with 95 vertical levels. The model, which parameterizes unresolved gravity waves, internally generates a QBO. The resolved waves contribute up to 50% and 30% to the total wave forcing (resolved plus parameterized) of the QBO westerly and easterly jet, respectively, mostly owing to waves with zonal wavenumbers lower than 20 and frequencies lower than 0.5 cpd. At higher frequencies and wavenumbers, the model underestimates the strength of the tropospheric wave sources when compared to Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) observations and applies strong horizontal diffusion, which explains the shortage of wave momentum at these scales (relative to recent studies based on high-resolution models). The study further relates the vertical structure of equatorial Kelvin waves, which contribute most to the transport and deposition of westerly wave momentum, to their radiative dissipation and compares the role of longwave radiation and horizontal diffusion in the dissipation of the resolved waves in general. The Kelvin waves adjust their vertical wavelength according to their intrinsic phase speed and are efficiently damped by longwave radiation within westerly flow, where the vertical wavelength strongly decreases. Waves with zonal wavenumbers larger than 10, however, are mostly damped by horizontal diffusion. The latitudinal distribution of the resolved wave forcing reflects the latitudinal structure of the waves and is asymmetric with respect to the equator.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-4928 , 1520-0469
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0310.1
    RVK:
    UA 4800
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Forcing of the quasi‐biennial oscillation from a broad spectrum of atmospheric waves
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2002
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 29, No. 8 ( 2002-04)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 29, No. 8 ( 2002-04)
    Abstract: The circulation of the stratosphere, and its influence on the trace constituent distribution, is an important component of the climate system, which must be included in simulations of global climate change. However, the ability to simulate a dominant stratospheric phenomenon, the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation (QBO) in equatorial zonal wind, is an outstanding challenge in climate modeling. Although confined to the tropics, the QBO affects the circulation and the interannual variability of the entire stratosphere, parts of the mesosphere and possibly also of the troposphere. Here we show that the QBO is successfully simulated in a general circulation model (GCM) of the newest generation. Key factors are a sufficient spatial resolution, a realistic simulation of tropical convection, and the consideration of the effects of gravity waves. From this simulation it is inferred that a broad spectrum of atmospheric waves is necessary to generate the QBO in the model.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2002GL014756
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2002
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sensitivity of the quasi-biennial oscillation to CO 2 doubling
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2005
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 32, No. 8 ( 2005)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 32, No. 8 ( 2005)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2004GL021971
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2005
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nonlinearity of the combined warm ENSO and QBO effects on the Northern Hemisphere polar vortex in MAECHAM5 simulations
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 114, No. D13 ( 2009-07-14)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 114, No. D13 ( 2009-07-14)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2008JD011445
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2009
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Potential role of the quasi‐biennial oscillation in the stratosphere‐troposphere exchange as found in water vapor in general circulation model experiments
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1999
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 104, No. D6 ( 1999-03-27), p. 6003-6019
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 104, No. D6 ( 1999-03-27), p. 6003-6019
    Abstract: The tropical tropopause is considered to be the main region of upward transport of tropospheric air carrying water vapor and other tracers to the tropical stratosphere. The lower tropical stratosphere is also the region where the quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) in the zonal wind is observed. The QBO is positioned in the region where the upward transport of tropospheric tracers to the overworld takes place. Hence the QBO can in principle modulate these transports by its secondary meridional circulation. This modulation is investigated in this study by an analysis of general circulation model (GCM) experiments with an assimilated QBO. The experiments show, first, that the temperature signal of the QBO modifies the specific humidity in the air transported upward and, second, that the secondary meridional circulation modulates the velocity of the upward transport. Thus during the eastward phase of the QBO the upward moving air is moister and the upward velocity is less than during the westward phase of the QBO. It was further found that the QBO period is too short to allow an equilibration of the moisture in the QBO region. This causes a QBO signal of the moisture which is considerably smaller than what could be obtained in the limiting case of indefinitely long QBO phases. This also allows a high sensitivity of the mean moisture over a QBO cycle to the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomena or major tropical volcanic eruptions. The interplay of sporadic volcanic eruptions, ENSO, and QBO can produce low‐frequency variability in the water vapor content of the tropical stratosphere, which renders the isolation of the QBO signal in observational data of water vapor in the equatorial lower stratosphere difficult.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/1998JD200112
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1999
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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